With the rapid development of scientific and technological skills and social consumption, mechanical products are becoming more and more complex and the quality and rate of consumption requirements for mechanical products are increasingly increasing. In industries such as aerospace, military industry and computers, parts have high precision, complex appearance, small lot size and are often corrected, difficult to treat, low consumption efficiency, intensity high rest and difficult quality to guarantee. The active mechanical processing process is the most important technique for adapting intelligently to the above development characteristics. To cope with the above problems, intelligent, universal, high precision and efficient consumption equipment “flexible” consumption – CNC was born. At present, CNC techniques have gradually become widespread and CNC machine tools have been widely used in industrial consumption and have become an important development instruction for the initiative of machine tools.
1. CNC
(1) The meaning of CNC:
CNC is the abbreviation of the mastery of the digital order.
CNC essence is to actively control mechanical installation measures via digital information under specific processing methods (digital quantities which are not modified on the continent). . Given that information in CNC is controlled and the processing of this short information is inseparable from computers, the skills that are actively controlled via computers are called CNC in short. The CNC mentioned here refers specifically to the CNC (that is to say CNC) used in the treatment of tooltips. In addition, the CNC is also widely used in physical and chemical analysis and analysis, the transmission of materials and information, construction and scientific governance.
(2) CNC classification:
The NC installation of late CNC machines includes various logical components and memory components. called NC machine.
Computer CNC (Computernumericalcontrol), called CNC to short. The modern CNC system is a CNC system that adopts microprocessors or special microcomputer. The CNC system, and these machine tools are individually called CNC machine tools.
2. Machine-tools CNC and CNC
(1) CNC machine
CNC of machine tools refers to a method of preparing tasks in order of processing, recording their master instructions on the information medium in a digital signal method, and after processing by the output computer, it can actively control order, displacement and speed of various tools tools. The object of control is specifically for the treatment of machine tools and machine tools.
(2) CNC machine
CNC machines-tools are a new mechatronic treatment equipment that controls the tool-tool according to the static rules given via digital information and performs active processing.
CNC machine tools are the product of the combination of digital control skills with machine tools.
The CNC rate of the machine-tool of a country reflects the level of the machine tool industry and the manufacture of machines in this country, and is also one of the significant markers to weigh scientific and technological progress of a country. Its importance is of great importance to carry out the initiative of the history of consumption, the rapid advancement in technological progress and the establishment of the slowdown in modernization. Xingwangguo considers CNC technology as the strategic objective of the development of the machine industry, and promotes and vigorously develops CNC machine tools.
3. Application of CNC machine tools
Characteristics of CNC machine tools:
Compared to traditional machine tools, control machine tools have the following characteristics.
(1) Very flexible
Treatment parts on CNC machines are mainly determined by the processing order. Consequently, CNC machine tools are used in places where the parts they are processed are frequently modified, that is to say that they are suitable for the consumption of monobloc and small groups and the development of New products, thus extending the consumption preparation cycle and saving the cost of a small amount of process equipment.
(2) High treatment accuracy
CNC machines machining can reach 0.05 to 0.1 mm individually. And the tool-tool enters the uniform error of the reverse space and the pitching of the transmission chain can be offset by the installation step of CNC, so that the precision of positioning of the machine tools CNC is relatively high.
(3) Stable and reliable quality of treatment
When processing the same batch of parts, under the same machine tool, under the same treatment conditions, the same tool and the processing order are used, the tooling trajectory of the tool is completely and similar, the parts are consistent and the quality is stable.
(4) high consumption rate
CNC machine tools can effectively increase treatment time and help parts time. CNC machine tools are currently entering the high-speed treatment period. In addition, the use with the tool magazine of the machining center can now perform several processes on a tool-tool, increasing working time between semi-finished products and improving the consumption rate.
(5) Improved rest conditions
Before the treatment of CNC machine tools, after adjustment, the output sequence is started and the tool-tool can actively continue the treatment until the end of treatment. All operators must do is to go out in sequence, modification, loading and unloading of parts, the preparation of tools, the observation of the processing conditions and the test of the parts. tasks. In addition, machine tools are combined individually, both clean and safe.
(6) Use the modernization of consumption governance
Treatment of CNC machines can precision predict the treatment time, standardize the tools and accessories used, and modernize and standardize processing information. Basic modern integrated production techniques.
4. Development of CNC techniques
1) at high speed
The CNC system adopts a microprocessor of more than 32 bits to allow output, decoding, summation, output and other CNC system links to be carried out at high speed, and can improve the percentage of the CNC system And reach a high and high speed speed in small order segments.
The new CNC system which is currently being planned adopts the central 64 -bit central processing unit (CPU), strengthens the interpolation operating function and the rapid power supply function, performs treatment at high speed and performs the multi-axis mastery function. is 3 to 15 axes, up to 24 axes, and the number of axes can be controlled at the same time.
2) Versatile
The CNC system has a variety of monitoring, detection and compensation functions. Such as the detection of the wear of tools, the precision of the system and the detection of thermal changes, etc., it also has functions such as control of the life of the tool, the length of length of Tool, compensation for the tool radius, compensation for the tip of the tool and the pitch compensation. Most modern CNC machine tools adopt a CRT display, which can make a trajectory of two-dimensional graphics, and some can also make a 3D black static graphic display. Using CRT, the keyboard can be used to reach the sequence, publishing, correction and deletion. Modern CNC systems have equipment, software and default autodiagnosis.
(3) Intelligent
In modern CNC systems, adaptive control skills have been introduced. Adaptive control skills are skills that can adjust the characteristics of the task state measured during the processing process and allow the cutting process to reach and maintain the best condition.
The development of the Modern Intelligent CNC system is currently the following aspects:
① Actively detect the room and actively calm the center.
② The tool is damaged and the backup tool is actively replaced.
Treatment of the life of tools and the state of storage of tools.
Follow -up of loading, data governance, training and governance.
⑤ Use Feedforward to master the function of vector compensation in real time.
⑥ The real -time compensation function for ball rods and other telescopic expansion and contraction based on thermal deformation during treatment.
5. The composition of CNC machine tools
The modern CNC computer machine-tools are made up of control, output and output, CNC, servomotor and machine-tool body.
Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.
