Advanced aviation engines develop towards the front temperature, the high push-poles ratio, the long lifespan and the direction of low fuel consumption. Key parts and important parts of the engine new materials for a high temperature, a high ratio, a high ratio, a high ratio, antioxidation and new fireproof materials. With the increase in temperature use, high temperature performance of the material, in particular the performance of flipper, become increasingly important. Advanced materials and manufacturing technologies guarantee the implementation of new materials and parts and new structures, so that the quality of the engine continues to relieve the quality of the engine and the efficiency of the engine, the lifespan, the Stability and reliability of the engine are improving continuously. The application of titanium alloy materials in the low temperature segment less than 400 ° C is contributed by smaller basic composite materials.[1] Essence compared to high temperature alloys based on nickel, in high temperature titanium alloy at 600 ° C, intermetal compound based on Ti-Al, composite material based on improved titanium (SICF / TI) at 500 ~ 850 ℃ Temperature range, intensity, peristaltic intensity and the intensity of degeneration, and there are obvious advantages in terms of fatigue intensity. and use of the engine.[2] Essence in the metal inter-composed family based on Ti-Al, compared to Ti3al and Ti2alnb alloys, Tial alloys have become the most useful application of the high temperature structure of the engine with their low density, a high ratio and high resistance in flucture, a flame delay and other advantages. Titanium has always been a major hidden danger that affects the safe and reliable use of the engine. The problem of engine titanium fire directly promotes the research and development of the flame retardant titanium[3] 。
With the continuous supply of new materials such as high -temperature titanium alloy, fireproof titanium alloy, Tial alloy, SICF / TI composite material, etc. The intensity assessment and the installation test were carried out on the new engine, which has become a new force in the field of new engine applications. Titanium alloys at 600 ° C high temperature are suitable for leaves and boxes, etc. high pressure compressor with a working temperature of 500 to 600 ° C; etc.;
Although the titanium alloy at high temperature, the titanium alloy from the flame, the Tial alloy, the SICF / Ti composite material have unique advantages in terms of performance, it is not perfect, and it There are obvious deficiencies in certain aspects. Costs, etc. Therefore, when selecting materials and process formulation, we must in -depth coordinate the performance requirements of specific parts and components, overall coordinate mechanical performance, process performance, production cost and production and other factors, and follow the design standards of advanced sciences such as the ability to damage design, reliability design, probability of probability life design, etc., improve and improve material performance, avoid gaps Who seriously affected the use, take into account the design of structural resistance, the search for materials and the technology of manufacturing components, promoted each other, promoted the organic integration of design, materials and application[4] Essence This article summarizes the progress of research and the achievements of advanced materials in high temperature titanium alloy in my country in recent years.
1 Advanced Haut-Tempture Titanium Alloy Material and Technology for manufacturing components Progress of research
Depending on the characteristics of design and use on the engine, the objective of advanced materials of the series of high -temperature titanium alloys has always determined to improve the temperature of long -term use, C ‘that is to say to increase thermal resistance and at the level at the same time, it must have good thermodynamic stability, that is to say that the warranty parts are designed in the design of the design. The plate, the blades, the overall sheets of sheets, the ring of global sheets and other rotors of the engine at high temperature are that the material has sufficient resistance to the flipper, high and low -fatigue resistance, stability Antioxidant tissues and capacities in a high temperature service environment to prevent excessive excessive deformation of excessive quantity and high fatigue intensity are the key to design. In addition, for the global leaf plate and the overall parts of the leaf cycle, it is important to control the vibration of the blades induced by the power of gas. Below 400 ° C, the ordinary titanium alloy has sufficient peristaltic resistance. Titanium titanium. At the same time, the flucoming and fatigue of materials in the high temperature environment must be taken into account, the interaction of the environment and the interaction of the environment and excessive peristaltic deformation will cause titanium fire caused by the unnamely friction between the leaves and the case.
The main high -temperature titanium alloys in my country and the main high -temperature titanium alloys in China are presented in Table 1. With advancement, the temperature of use of titanium alloys at high temperature has completely improved. In the 1990s, a TA12 in high temperature titanium alloy of 550 ° C was developed and major technical problems were encountered during engineering. The alloy of the intermediate compound of TI3AL TD2 and TD3, its typical cases components have passed the intensity assessment test and have not yet obtained real engineering applications. In recent years, with the urgent demand for high -temperature titanium alloys, titanium alloy at high temperature, fireproof titanium alloy, Tial alloy and SICF / Ti composite materials have become the objective of Development of new titanium alloys at high temperature.
Table 1 The main high -temperature titanium alloys in my country and the main high -temperature titanium alloys in China
Table 1 Main -Hightamp.
Note: TB12 and TF550 are flame retardant titanium; TD3IS an intermetallic based on TI3AL.
1.1,600 ℃ Titanium alloy at high temperature
600 ° C is considered to be the temperature of the “heat-carrier” of the ordinary titanium alloy, which still improves restrictions on working temperature, the stability of durable tissues, surface antioxidants and other performances[1] Essence in the range from 500 to 600 ° C, compared to the high temperature alloy GH4169, the titanium alloy at high temperature at 600 ° C has obvious advantages in comparison resistance, low fatigue performance , the resistance of the enlargement performance of the fatigue crack, etc.[5,6] Consequently, depending on the objective of weight loss and increased weight ratio, the new advanced engine has an urgent demand for high -temperature titanium alloys of 600 ° C.
The high-temperature titanium alloy at 600 ° C typical is British IMI834, TI-1100 in the United States, BT36 and BT41 in Russia, of which IMI834 have succeeded in application prizes such as EJ200, Trent Series, PW305, PW150 and other engines.[7] Essence These alloys are based on Ti-Alsn-Zr-Mo-Si. For more than ten years, a large number of research has been carried out in high temperature titanium alloys where several domestic scientific research institutes have been located at 600 ° C[8,9,10,11] For example, a new generation of 600 ° C in high temperature titanium alloy TA29 developed by the Beijing Aviation Materials Research Institute[8] TA33 developed by the Chinese Metals Academy[9] 。
The nominal component of the Titane alloy TA29 is Ti-5.8al-4ZR-0.7NB-1.5TA-0.4SI-0.06C. A large solid solution, which can improve the solid soluble strengthening effect of the α phase, help improve antioxidant capacity at high temperature and improve thermal stability. The low and low -low O High Safety Control Method ensures high temperature fluctuates with an excellent alloy. By adding a trace C, the process window in the upper part of the α + β zone has been extended, so that the alloy has a better adaptability of the process and meets the requirements of control of the industrial production process. From 2000 to the present day, after the gradual research of the exploration of components, laboratory merger with the industrialized merger of the ingot, the continuous optimization of process parameters such as alloy composition, fusion, forging, Mechanical thermal treatment and the treatment of the machine, under industrial conditions, under industrial conditions that it has reached the entire process of treatment from 3T industrial ingots, preparation of large 300 mm stems, parts of parts of Large leaf plate forge with overall leaf plate parts, tests and inspection and surface treatment. The performance is higher. The overall forgeage typical of the Titane Ta29 Titanium Alloy Leaf is illustrated in Figure 1. Among them, the size of the outside diameter of the overall forgeing of the leaf plate is ф630 mm, the mass is 112 kg, the Thickness of the transverse section is large and the maximum thickness of the axial transverse section is 150 mm. The performances of the stretch of the Titane TA29 Alloy Alloy is equivalent to the IMI834 alloy, but it has advantages in tenacity at high temperature and fracture. , at 620 ℃ / 160MPA / 100H test conditions, εp ≤ 0.15%, while the IMI834 Flummer performance indicators (thickness of maximum transverse section ≤ 80 mm) Fluing performance indicators are: εp ≤ 0, 2% under trial conditions of 600 ° C / 150MPA / 100H. Stretching samples in alloy in titanium TA29 after 600 ° C for a long period of exposure to heat, the plastic extension of the room temperature is considerably reduced, that is to say that the thermal stability Decreases, greater than 120 ° C, the unprecedented state and state of the empty heat exposure samples The stretching properties are equal and the heat stretching properties of the sample are around 50 % of the extension of the state of stretching without exposure, and as the temperature increases, the space between the stretching properties has gradually shrunk. In the range of 300 to 600 ° C, exposure to the heat of the sample is equivalent to the stretching properties of exposure to virgin heat, indicating that the reduction of the surface oxidation layer on the Thermal stability is gradually weakened as the temperature increases.[12] Essence therefore, for the TA29 titanium alloy used in high temperature environments, when designing the selection of materials and the evaluation of thermal stability, this characteristic of heat stability will occur at high temperature, and in the range from 300 to 600 ° C, try to try to try it. TA29 Titanium Alloy α + β Thermal zone forge treatment of the overall leaf plate of the madness of the foliber is 45 MPA · M1 / 2,400 ° C and above the temperature kic ≥ 70mpa · M1 / 2. You can see that the TA29 Titanium alloy has good damage tolerance.
Figure 1 TA29 Titanium Alloy Global Plate Forging
Fig. 1 Forge of TA29TITANium alloy compressor
(a) Type I[8]; (b) II 型 (a) Type I[8]; (b) Type II
Figure 2 shows the parts of overall leaves typical of the Titane TA29 alloy. The overall structure of the leaf plate eliminates the stress, the deformation and the loss of leakage between the parts of the disc and the separation structure of the plate and the separation structure of the tablet, which improves the efficiency of the work and the reliability of the quality of the engine. The overall parts of the leaf plate of the TA29 titanium alloy alloy produced by CNC treatment technology at five coordinates, its size of shape, its static balance, fluorescent detection, residual surface constraint, etc. meet the design requirements. . TA29 Titanium Alloy of large standard stems, disc of global sheets and parts have a small production capacity.
Figure 2 Ta29 Titanium Alloy Global Plate flat
Fig. 2 Blisk pieces in Ta29titanium alloy compressor
(a) i 型; (b) ii 型 (a) type I; (b) Type II
The TA29 titanium alloy has good resistance to flipper at 620 ° C in addition to having good application potential in the engine field, the Titane TA29 Titane alloy can always maintain a resistance to traction high at 750 ~ 800 ° C. It can be used in the temperature interval for short -term use. , Skin and high temperature components of the engine used.
1.2 Fleaire flame retardant titanium
Titanium component parts of the engine compressor have the high temperature, high voltage and high load effect. Once the titanium is occurred, the combustion of the titanium is developed in a fission, causing a burn of the leaves, a combustion of boxes and even the combustion of the entire engine in a short time. From the workplaces and case friction of the pneumatic engine compressor installed by the button plane in 1962, the titanium fire was caused. Reliable use of titanium alloy on the engine[3] Essence depending on the observation, in the high pressure compressor, the titanium alloy can burn the housing by approximately 5 ~ 10 s after the fire.[13] Essence of the reduction in the quality of the engine, as long as the working temperature allows, rotor blades are used in titanium alloys. The box of the box, the fire compartment and the easy grinding layer have been integrated into the position corresponding to the inner diameter of the housing and the rotor blades. The use of titanium alloys from the flame is the most important way to prevent and control prevention and control of titanium fires. Given the enormous damage to titanium fire, when developing new titanium -based materials, we must perfectly pay attention and assess the fireproof performance of the new alloy.
The Russian fireproof titanium alloy adopts the Ti-Cu-Al series and the United States use the Ti-V-CR system. Since high-temperature mechanical performance of the Ti-Cu-Al system did not meet the design requirements of the design and had not entered the engineering production stage. My country’s research in the field of titanium from the flame has been carried out for over 20 years.[14] Essence on the basis of the composition of C (Ti-35V-15cr) alloy alloys, TB12 (Ti-25v-15cr-0.2SI) which can be used for a long period at 500 ° C and TF550 (Ti- 35V-15cr for a long time at 550 ° C for a long period -0.3si-0.1c)[13,15] Essence at present, key technologies such as uniformity control of the composition of the bars, the routing rolling, the rolling of the ring forge and the evaluation of the performance resulting from the flame have been broken . .[16,17,18] 。
The TB12 and TF550 alloys are β type titanium alloys with high alloy, the V, CR is as high as 40% and 50%. The preparation of industrial lights in fireproof titanium alloy should resolve the precise control and uniformity of the ingredients, as well as the analysis of the bias of the micro-region element V and CR. By improving the addition of alloy elements, the structure of the electrodes, the fabric method and the optimization of the self-consumption fusion process parameters, the ingots from the TF550 TB12 alloys industry with ф620mm have been successfully prepared.
Resistance to deformation of the TB12 and TF550 alloy, plasticity with low process, traditional forging equipment and process methods are not suitable for deformation of fireproof titanium alloy. The construction and production of large -scale extrusion equipment in my country provides technical resources feasible for industrial combinations in alloy in flame titanium. Using the compression machine of Northern Heavy Worker 360mn, I tried the hot compression and the billet of the coverage of the Industrial Lingot in Alloy in Flame Titanium, which was pressed by the 620 mm Lingot to a 300 rod mm at a time. And the plasticity of the process has been considerably improved. Thanks to molds with rolling and equivalent temperature, the ringing of the ring and the semi-intobuly forge the size of the size of ф742 mm × ф604 mm × 320 mm, as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 3 TB12 FLAME – Alloy Alloy Alloy package rod
Fig. 3 Extruded barned bar of titanium alloy tb12fireproof
Figure 4 Forging Flame -Char
Fig. 4 Forge of case of alloy alloy alloy compressor
(A) Forge of the TB12 alloy ring; (b) Half forgeage in TF550 alloy (a) forger of the TB12ALLOY ring;
Flame flame performance, that is to say the characteristics of prevention, termination or slowdown in the combustion of the material is one of the key performance indicators to measure the security of the titanium alloy Using the engine. The impact of alloy elements on performance, alloy alloy methods of the Ti-V-CR titanium, alloy flame alloy methods, the mechanism and evaluation methods have always been a technical problem that Afflict selection and materials of the engine design[17] Essence on the basis of the principle of friction and theory of enthusiasm, it is proposed to obtain the idea of lighting the combustion of the metal materials of the block by the local friction and the precise control of the oxygen pressure . The technology and the combustion test device, for the first time carried out the performance resulting from the flame of the performance of the quantitative performance flame[19] Essence thanks to the transformation of the equipment, the debugging and the hundreds of tests, the test parameters, the initial test conditions and the samples are normalized, so that the accuracy of control of the characterization parameters is better than 0, 9%. Flower performance of TB12 and TF550 alloys were used to test and assess the FOC method, as shown in Figure 5[17] Essence The results show that the fireproof performance of the TF550 alloy is slightly better than the TB12, and the difference between the two is less than 5%.
Figure 5 Use of the friction oxygen concentration method to determine TB12 and TF550 alloy alloy performance performance[17]
Fig.[17]
1.3 Tial alloy
There are three intermetric compounds in the Double Ti-Al system which are evaluated by researchers, namely Ti3al, Tial and Tial3.[20,21] Petrol in the temperature range from 700 to 850 ° C, the ratio of the Tial alloy is significantly higher than that of the ordinary titanium and high temperature alloy alloy based on nickel and other materials[22] Essence The advantages of tial alloys in the area of aviation are mainly reflected in: (1) Tial alloys are around 50% higher than those of other structural materials commonly used than engines. Tial alloys are significantly higher than those of high temperature alloys based on nickel in the 700 ~ 850 ° C ratio. The design can allow structural weight loss and reduce the associated support parts load; (3) Performances It can be used for certain components likely to shoot titanium. Based on the above advantages, tial alloys are considered to be high temperature structural materials used in high push-up motors.
Tial alloy molds are first applied to the engine. Each Boeing 787 uses two Genx motors, each engine is used to use tial turbine blades with two -step tial alloy; Each Boeing 747-8 uses four Genx motors, each engine is used for first-class Tial alloy turbine blades. Boeing 787 787 or Boeing 747-8 reduces the quality of the 182 kg structure. Trent XWB and Leap engines are also tial alloys in low -voltage turbine blades with the last two. The Tial Coulée Turbine blades manufactured by the American company PCC have an annual production of nearly 40,000 rooms for Genx engines. Tial turbine blades produced by CFM are used for LEAP engines, which can considerably improve engine performance and save 15% of fuel consumption.
My country has carried out a large number of research work in the Tial alloy casting. Important step for the application of tial alloy molds on the advanced engine of my country.[23] Essence The Chinese Academy of Sciences has also successfully developed the fine casting with the tial tension turbine blade.
In addition to the casting, my country has carried out a large number of research work in the manufacturing of tial alloy forging[24,25,26,27,28] Essence The promotion of engineering production and the application of Tial Alloy forgeage must first unravel the technology of controlling the merger and the standardization of the composition of the industrial tial alloy ingot. Due to the high aluminum content of the Tial alloy, the control requirements for the elements of impurities O, N and H are high and the low plasticity of the Tial alloy has increased the difficulty of the preparation of the ingots. Currently, a small tial alloy alloy ingots with a diameter of 90 mm is generally used in the suspension fusion method of the vacuum sensor, and the tial alloy tial lean of the ф90 mm is generally used In the electrical fusion or the electric plasma with a vacuum fusion method of the cold bed. The self-consumer of the melting of the electric arc oven is lighter during fusion, which is conducive to the elimination of gas and deoxidation, and the temperature of the fusion tank is low, which can reduce the Volatilization of the element AL, which is conducive to precise control of content al. However, due to the large fusion temperature gradient, the internal stress of the ingot is also large and the ingot is subject to cracking. After years of research, the method of fusion of the electric arc furnace of vacuum self-consumption was successfully prepared by 220 mm alloy ingots, which were dense and cracked.
Tial alloy flow fabric has low plasticity. The use of ordinary pupes technology cannot be changed for a large volume of deformation. , the packaging when the material of the suite can be selected compared to 304 stainless steel; The packaging of the packs was successfully pressed in the round stem ф60 mm at a time, the compressing ratio was about 10, the length of the stem is 2.5 m and the fabric was even small, as shown Figure 6 (A). In order to meet the needs of Tial Alloy Bovers, the process of compressing the rectangular Tial alloy section rod has been studied, and the square tial alloy rod has been successfully prepared, as shown in Figure 6 ( b).
Figure 6 Tial Alloy Compression Stick
Fig. 6 Tial alloy extruded bars
(a) round stick; (b) square stick (a) rands bar; (b) rectangular bar
Due to the limited thermoplasticity of the Tial Alloy, the use of ordinary mold forge processes cannot carry out the formation of Tial Alloy blades for this purpose, the forge of the forge of the blades In tial alloy is studied. Thanks to the complete application of digital simulation and physical simulation, we can simulate the forging of tial alloy blades and other hot mold forging processes, control the law of material flows, analyze the impact of Various process parameters and optimize process design and mold in advance. The forging process of the equivalent temperature model has been successfully prepared for high pressure compressor blades in tial alloy, as shown in Figure 7. The electrochemical method is used to treat parts of rotor blades Corresponding tial alloy, and the precision of size and surface quality have responded to design requirements, as shown in Figure 8.
1.4 Composite material based on the improved sic fiber titanium
FIBER SIC continues The composite material based on improved titanium is a composite material for the continuous tungsten nucleus (or the carbon nucleus) as an improved body, titanium alloy or Tial alloy as a substrate. Use eventually at 600 to 800 ° C, and can be used for a short term at 1000 ° C. It is an ideal material for the application of aerospace fields. Compared to traditional sheets and separation structures of the discs, the use of the overall leaf ring on the engine compressor can be reduced by around 70%. . The SICF / TI composite material has various opposite sexual relations, and vertical performance is much better than horizontal performance. / Ti composite material is suitable for preparation components with distinct strength characteristics, such as global leaves rings, turbine trees, stretching stems, piston stems, skin and bombing wings.
Figure 7 Rotor sheets of high pressure compressor in tial alloy and other temperature forging
Fig. 7 Rotor blade of high pressure compressor for Forgee in Tial Alloy through the forging process of the insulated matrix
Figure 8 pieces of high pressure compressor rotor
Fig. 8 Rotor blade batteries of high pressure compressor of Tial Alloy
As an improved body, its performance and stability are one of the key factors that affect the final performance of SICF / TI composite materials. Internationally, the SIC fiber mainly includes the SCS of Textron in the United States and the British series Dera Sigma. The Beijing Domestic Institute of Aeronautical Materials and the Metal Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are all preparing basonison fibers of Tungsten Caronison with traction resistance of more than 3800 MPa, with stable performance.
The interface reaction coating is the key to ensuring high performance of composite materials[29] The appropriate coating can protect the fiber, prevent the interface’s reaction, carry out the load transmission and ensure that the composite fiber of the material is withdrawn. Domestic mature prepared for coating C and ICT coatings, which are suitable for improving composite materials based on titanium and composite materials compounds based on Ti-al. Among them, the composite material of the metal intervertebral compound based on Ti-al with ICT coating is treated with a heat treatment of 1100 ℃ / 5h, and the ICT coating can always be maintained effectively. The preparation of composite materials based on the titanium of the pioneers is the highest in complete mechanical properties in China, in China, a shared shared silk pioneer with a thickness of 20 ~ 50 μm of coating by adjusting the composite material of fiber fibers continuous sic of sic fibers in titanium of fiber of continuous sic of sic fibers. Preparation of materials and subsequent composite components.
Titanium -based composite materials are formed by heat such as heat or vacuum pressure. The mechanical properties of composite materials are closely linked to the performance of fibers, the structure of the coating, the quality of the pioneering wire, the fiber discharge, the molding process and the quality of the treatment, and must be checked.
He has made great progress in the research and development and application of SICF / TI composite materials. reduced by 50%. The development of composite materials based on titanium, plates and rotary rod components has been made in China. For composite material panels, it will deform after the formation and regulation of constraints becomes difficult. The composition process of the global rotation of the leaves is subject to global ruptures. During the years of technical research, the problem of the fracture of composite materials during the overall process of preparation of the rings of the sheets has been resolved, and the overall parts of the leaf rings have been prepared, as shown in Figure 9 . The use of components of composite materials must also carry out the following research: (1) The stability of the material must still be improved; Micro-watering; (6) The process of processing composite materials and the overall leaf cycle and precise control; (7) formulate design standards and evaluation verification. It is necessary to strengthen research on the aspects of fiber materials, substrate materials and a high-temperature antioxidation coating, batch stability, production efficiency, process standards, materials specifications and components, etc., and gradually solve and improve the problems that occur in the preparation of composite materials based on titanium and during use.
Figure 9 The overall component of the leaves cycle and ultrasonic detection C scan diagram
Fig. 9 Bling leaves and its ultrasonic inspection
(A) 5250 mm × 70 mm leaves ring; (B) ф604 mm × 160 mm leaf ring;
2 Design of high temperature titanium alloy alloy materials Advanced design, treatment and use of key technologies
600 ℃ Titanium alloy at high temperature, titanium alloy from the flame, Tial alloy, SICF / TI composite material is a new type of high temperature titanium alloy at high temperature. For the characteristics of service and the design requirements of advanced engines, in particular the rotary parts used for a high temperature environment, a large number of research on engineering applications are necessary, such as the interaction of flexion- Fatie-environmental, flame fireproof performance, microoturing pair of the impact of fatigue performance, surface integrity technology, forging and internal and residual analysis of surface residues And its impact on use performance, prediction of service life and failure analysis, etc., resolve key technologies such as engineering application and manufacturing processing process.
2.1 High purification control control technology
The alloy of TA29, TB12 and the tial alloys, the high alloy elements and the low plasticity. The process of fusion of the furnace with arc with a traditional empty empty vacuum should be increased appropriately, and the fusion current must be increased appropriately and the fusion current, the reduction current, the size of the Ingredients and the cricket cooling method must be checked. For tial alloys, the fusion process of the plasma cold stove can be used to produce ingots. The use of a cold stove bed fusion process can effectively eliminate mixed composition biases and improve, which is particularly important for titanium alloy material for the key rotor of the engine. My country already has several cold plasma cold stove equipment and has the capacity and conditions of research in laboratory and industrial production.
2.2 TIDES DE LA SALLE AND Special Forging Techniques
Titanium alloy raw materials for aviation forging are generally used in large -scale forged materials such as stems, wheel discs, cases, overall leaves and fan blades. With the trend of advanced motors to adopt the structure of global sheet plates and global sheet rings, the size of the forging and the corresponding stems increases, and the organizational uniformity of the control of large -scale rods is important to guarantee the quality of forgues. Appropriate for choosing the right choice. For TB12 and Tial alloys, due to the great resistance to the deformation of the metal putting, a plasticity at low trial, a task sensitive to the deformation temperature and the forge and the cracking. and stability by lots of the stem.
The micro-tissue and crystalline weaving of titanium alloys are the main factor of influential properties, because the alpha phase is the opposite sex. Control the form of the Microruban organization and the uniformity of the micro-tin and weaving, which can not only improve the average performance level, but also improve the performance of the components’ interaction performance, that is To do the performance of fatigue, reduce, reduce different lots of different lots The performance data of secondary components are decentralized. For these new high -temperature titanium alloys, in particular Tial alloys, due to the introduction of the ordered structure, the weaving problem is more complicated and important, and the impact on high and low performance of fatigue and fatigue and fatigue and fatigue The performance of fatigue of loading is also more complicated. A strict control of the tissues and weaving must be strictly controlled when preparing the stems and the forge.
2.3 Treatment technology for overall leaf plate machines and overall parts of leaf rings
Due to continuous improvement in advanced engine performance, overall sheet plates and a ring of overall sheets have become a development trend. The structure of global blades is complicated, the passage is poor, the leaves are thin, the corners, the rigidity, the rigidity and the deformation easy. higher, the mechanical treatment and the integrity of the surface guarantee more and more difficult[30] Essence for the overall sheet plate and the overall cycle with a smaller blade size, the type of sheet is generally treated with high -level CNC grinding methods to control the treatment of parts and deformation. The size of the leaf type is high, the sheet type error is less than 0.1 mm and the surface roughness of the blades reaches 0.2 μm. Electrochemical methods should be used to treat the type of tial alloy blades.
2.4 Material performance and application design assessment technology
The four types of materials above are also found in genius research and the test stadium. Compared to ordinary titanium alloys, plasticity, tenacity to fracture and impact tenacity of these four types of high temperature titanium alloy materials are lower, the gap is sensitive and the ability of the tip of Cracks to be reduced by local plastic deformation. In particular tial alloys, have considerable stretching at low ambient temperatures and expansion performance of anti-fascigue cracks, but it will improve considerably when it is close to 700 ° C[31] And the initial peristaltic deformation rate is high. Depending on the characteristics of this type of material, design and formulate scientific and reasonable technical indicators, while exercising thermal resistance, it should ensure sufficient plasticity and fully pay attention to the broken performance of the parts. When motor design and resistance are calculated, a complete database on material design performance must be established. For low plastic tial alloys, according to the characteristics of the material, determine the design and adjustment method of reasonable components, and the profitable supply chain[32] Essence reasonably Control the level of design constraint of the parts in Tial alloy, avoid the concentration of obvious stress, improve the integrity of the surface[31] Essence The scientific evaluation of the ile performance of these titanium alloys is also crucial. In addition, that the overall leaf plate or the overall leaf ring is used at high temperature, there is a temperature gradient on the same part, and some materials restrict the deformation of another part of the material. Performance and reliability.
2.5 Search for ultra-high weekly fatigue performance
In fact, there is no limit to a high fatigue of titanium alloy materials. The American version of the elements of integrity of the engine structure (ENSIP) and 2004 are necessary to require the minimum lifespan of high fatigue of the parts of the titanium alloy engine in the 1999 version and the 2004 editions of the whole (ENSIP).[33] Essence as the stress decreases, the position of the cracks in fatigue pushes the surface trend to occur inside[34] Essence for the overall sheet plate, the overall leaf ring of the composite material based on titanium and the Tial alloy leaves of 600 ° C, because the flaw fatigue performance is very sensitive to the vibration constraint, its Ultra-High-High-High and performance weekly fatigue and performance must be fully studied. Reasonably select appropriate surface strengthening methods, such as Laser impact strengthening and low plastic polishing, in order to improve the ultra-high weekly fatigue performance, prevent the leaves from not causing damage to damage to internal objects and failure of a disaster.
3 final words
A new material is not a perfect material, but just a material that can satisfy a special objective. It is a huge challenge to apply a new material to the engineering application, in particular the application on the engine. Research results to prove that it proves the stability and reliability of equipment and the stability and reliability of the process, and take into account economic factors such as costs.
The characteristics of new high -temperature titanium alloy materials are different from ordinary titanium alloy materials. The quality, reliability and successful application of a new material component depends on organic coordination and adaptation of the four of the four. It is necessary to strengthen the volatility of the main performance of materials and components, representative and standard analysis of average performance. When using this type of new materials, the part of the parts of the parts must be carefully checked to avoid the discontinuous concentration of the local concentration of high stress and adopt anti-fracture design measures to use methods of reliable inspection in production and use.
Titanium alloy has a high sensitivity to damage and surface defects, while 600 ° C with lower plasticity, a high -temperature titanium alloy, a flame retardant titanium, a Tial alloy, a composite SICF material / TI is more sensitive to defects, based on severe environmental use for extremely high requirements for fatigue performance and damage to the functioning of the mechanism, metallurgical defects and the integrity of the surface of these materials and the internal parts must be strictly controlled and detected. For low content tial alloys and SICF / TI composite materials, residual constraint is a factor that cannot be ignored. For blades and discs, taking into account the characteristics of the correspondence with a low plastic content, the characteristics of the sensitivity are concentrated. There is contact fatigue and micro-dynamic wear between tial blades and the high temperature alloy disk based on nickel, as well as damage performance to a relatively mediocre impact due to their low ductility and their low yield limit.
With the implementation of my country’s air power strategy, the titanium alloy industry is in a strong development period. Pushed by advanced weight loss of high performance engine, the requirements for conservation and reduction of consumption consumption, in titanium alloy and new titanium alloy materials and the technology for applying new alloy materials titanium and new titanium alloy materials. With the in -depth research of high -temperature titanium alloys, flame retardant titanium alloys, Tial alloys and SICF / TI composite materials, the maturity of technology will continue to be applied continuously, and it will be gradually Applied to key components of advanced and effectively and effectively promoting the development of my country’s aviation engine technology.
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