This article takes Makino V series machining centers as an example to introduce the requirements and key points of machining center machine tool operations. Indeed, the operations of machining centers of different brands are similar and have reference value.
1. Key points of preparation for operation of Makino machining center
1) Make sure the workpiece is installed correctly
2) Confirmation of tool protrusion and circular runout
3) Correspondence between tool number and tool slot number
4) Check if the coolant hose is interfering with the ATC
5) Confirmation of tool offset and workpiece coordinate system
6) Confirmation of the NC program
7) Observe the actual processing status of the machine tool
2. Points to note when installing lighting fixtures
Fix the positioning block installed under the vice in the T-groove of the workbench to prevent the clamp from moving during heavy cutting. Confirm that fixtures are parallel and perpendicular
3. Points to note when installing parts
Before installation, confirm the parallelism and perpendicularity of the part. If the parallelism and perpendicularity of the workpiece are poor, the clamping force after installation cannot be guaranteed.
Make sure the part is installed in the middle of the fixture and the clamping force of the fixture is consistent with the center of the part without any deviation. Be careful not to use too much force when tightening the part. Excessive force may cause workpiece deformation and poor accuracy. Use the same type of gasket.
4. Points to note when using press blocks
The press block must be installed horizontally
Pay attention to interference between tool and press block
Note that the screw position is installed in a 1:2 ratio.
Pay attention to the interference between the screw and the tool
5. Treatment Prevention Checklist
【Workpiece clamping】
Have sufficient workpiece clamping force
Correct installation and tightening method
【Tools】
Is the tool holding length correct?
Are tools loaded in the wrong ATC magazine location?
Is the tool diameter correct?
6. Note on tool lock
Do not use too much force when locking. Excessive force will cause spring deformation, uneven clamping force and increased tool vibration.
7. Cleaning the tool handle
If there are chips or scratches on the tool holder, the inner hole of the spindle will be scratched.
Cleaning spring clips. If chips adhere, it will cause low clamping force, severe blade vibration and low cutting precision.
Cleaning knife handles. If chips adhere, the spindle cannot be clamped properly and the machine tool generates an alarm.
8. Precautions when using HSK-A63 tool holder
A sealing device must be installed. If the sealing device is not installed, coolant will enter the spindle, causing spindle failure.
9. Load the tool correctly into the ATC tool magazine
Load the tool into the tool magazine according to the machining process sheet. If a wrong tool number is installed, an accident may occur during processing.
Pay attention to the installation direction of the tool handle. Note: Install the tool into the knife according to the instructions on the nameplate.
10. Pay attention to whether the cooling nozzle interferes with the ATC
Check if there is interference between the ATC handle and the cooling nozzle.
11. Confirmation of room coordinate system
Confirm that the coordinate system offset values are all 0. If there are numeric values, all coordinate systems from G54-G59 will be offset.
Check if the program starting point is consistent with the origin of the part coordinate system. According to the processing technology sheet, determine that the starting point of the program is consistent with the origin of the workpiece coordinate system.
12 Confirmation of tool offset
Confirm whether the H and D numbers of the tool match the tool number according to the process sheet.
Confirm the decimal point position of the input data. Incorrect input data can cause a crash.
13. Confirmation of main program
Complies with processing technology sheet
①Main program number
②T number, H number
③Subprogram number
Confirm tool length cancel command
④Pay attention to the G49 control position
14 Subroutine confirmation
Make sure there are required routines on the hard drive. If there is no data, the machine will generate an alarm.
If the M198 path is incorrectly specified, the wrong subroutine will be adjusted, resulting in a machining accident.
15. Secure demonstration of the main program
It is not possible to move all three axes at the same time. First, move X and Y to the position, then move the Z axis independently.
After ATC exchange, the tool home position only moves the Z axis and does not move the X, Y and Z axes at the same time.
The tool length cancel command can only be executed after the Z axis returns to the machine origin.
If H#4120 is used to call tool compensation, please note that #4120 refers to the tool number after the last T reading. Check the tool number of the current tool.
16. The initial phase of program execution should be monitored
After confirming the offset and the program, the initial stages of the program should also be monitored.
Confirm the condition of the tool when it starts cutting. When cutting, place your left hand on the stop button, control the enlargement of the machine tool’s moving speed with your right hand, and observe the remaining movement in the Z direction to avoid emergencies.
The cutting begins. Before starting processing, you must press the Reset key in EDIT mode to return the cursor to the beginning of the program, and then run the program. If the program is interrupted during processing, you must also press the Reset key in EDIT mode to return the cursor to the beginning of the program before running the program.
17. During processing of the part
When using a program compiled by someone else, the program data sheet may be incorrect and you must confirm the tool extension length yourself.
18. Confirmation of tool protrusion amount
The tool projection is long and the tool rigidity is low.
Ensure a safe clamping length. If the clamping length is insufficient, the clamping force will be insufficient.
19. Requirements for using V22 machine tools
(diameter and length)
20. Parts Processing Procedures
Open the program with NCVIEW or other simulation software, check the maximum depth in the Z direction of the program operation, comprehensively examine the actual machining form, and confirm whether the extension length of the tool on the sheet program is correct.
21. Bad example-FACE
22. Correct use of original return instructions
How to use the G28 return to origin command (G91 and G90 modes).
Use the command to return to zero: G91 G28 Z0
DO NOT USE: G90 G28 Z0
The G28 original return control disconnect function.
After starting the machine tool, manual zero return is used to return to the origin. After using the machine tool lock function, manual return from zero to origin is also required.
23. Using Tool Measuring System (ATLM) and Automatic Workpiece Measuring System (AWM)
During the measurement process, it is strictly prohibited to make changes to the coordinate system, tool length, macro instructions and other input value positions.
Precautions for installing the measuring system within the moving range of the machine tool.
The correct installation of the additional measuring head of the machine tool in the tool magazine.
Attention: During the measurement process, it is strictly prohibited to make changes to the positions where values can be entered.
24. AIR CUT MODE
It is prohibited to use air cutting mode during processing.
Pneumatic cutting mode is used to detect whether a tool is installed on the spindle. Detection is not performed once pneumatic cutting mode is activated.
If you are using pneumatic cutting mode, you must ensure that the tools on the spindle, the tool magazine and the tools on the robot are installed correctly. The machine tool will no longer automatically detect the tool installation status.
25. Special position of tool holder in tool magazine
Whether there is a special location for placing tools in the tool magazine.
If there is a special tool on the spindle or manipulator, does the tool number match the barrel number of the special tool in the tool magazine?
Correct installation method for special tool holders.
Pay attention to warning signs next to various machine tool stores
V22 tool magazine disk example: The tool changing method of tool No. 1.2 is different from the tool changing methods of other tool numbers, and the tool changing procedures are different .
Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.
