With the theme “Focus – Digital·Internet·Intelligent Manufacturing”, CCMT2024 actively responds to the development trend of deep integration of various digital technologies and manufacturing technologies, and enables the transformation, upgrade and development of high quality of machine tool manufacturing industry. at a higher level.
A wide range of functional components can be seen everywhere on the exhibition, such as milling heads, turntables, tool magazines, etc., which help to increase the processing freedom of machine tools, to realize the diversification of machine tool functions, to significantly improve the process scope of machine tools and enable manufacturers to achieve maximization of productivity and added value. As high-end machine tools with five or more axes, milling heads or cradle turning tables are indispensable accessories. At the same time, tool magazines have also become standard products for CNC milling machines.
The author mainly gives a brief description of some of the high-quality functional components on display at this exhibition. If there are any defects, my colleagues are requested to correct them.
1. Direct drive five-axis functional components
Five-axis linkage machining has always been the supreme pursuit of CNC machining centers. The cradle turntable which uses a torque motor as the driving force for A/C axis indexing can realize linked machining and uses a high-speed and high-power electric spindle to realize high-speed and high-precision machining , making it the darling of the machining market. The author’s approximate statistics show that the number of machine tools equipped with cradle turntables exhibited at this exhibition is relatively high.
For two-axis AC cradle stages (A/C axes) directly driven by torque motors, there are two forms: single-arm and double-arm. The single pendulum type has a single side torque motor, and the driving force of the A axis is lower than that of the double pendulum type of the same specification, but the turntable reduces the space for a support arm and reduces the whole. machine tool size; the double arm type has two A axes. Both sides are driven by torque motors. Compared with the single pendulum type, the driving force of the A axis is symmetrical in design. . The center of gravity of the swivel head coincides with the center of rotation of the C axis, and the indexing has better stability.
1． GROB five-axis linkage machining center
The machining center of the German GROB Group features a compact design, high processing efficiency and very high stability. The unique design concept of the machine tool ensures efficient production and can rely on various configuration options to adapt to individual needs.
The five-axis linkage universal turning and milling machining center introduced by GROB uses a single-arm cradle turntable, which occupies a small space and has a compact design. The A axis can reach an oscillation angle of 360°, providing maximum processing freedom. and can be tightened in one go. Complete milling and turning of parts, saving time, space and investment costs in production. The maximum three-axis speed is 65/50/80 m/min and the maximum acceleration is 6/4.5/7.5 m/s². With the ultra-high acceleration of the 2g turntable, the machine tool has high processing efficiency. GROB’s five-axis machine tools offer excellent product quality, unique design concepts for functional components, superior milling performance and sufficient experience in five-axis program processing.
The G150 five-axis linkage universal machining center exhibited by GROB is equipped with a GRC-R12 robotic unit. It is equipped with a flexible robotic unit with a maximum load of 12 kg, which can realize the manipulation of parts or pallets, and can add. peripheral equipment such as cleaning, measuring and deburring parts. It has a compact drawer-type loading system and automatic jaw adjustment and replacement functions, which raises the automation level of the machine tool to a higher level.
The highlight of this year’s GROB exhibition is the presentation of mobile robots (GMR), which achieve efficient and intelligent material handling. The GROB GMR mobile robot is equipped with the latest sensor technology and can be driven effortlessly on the production floor without requiring humans. Users benefit from location-independent automation solutions for multiple machines in a single workshop.
2. Seiko CFM650 Haitian cradle high-speed five-axis milling center
CFM650 machine adopts integrated gantry frame and high rigidity spindle box structure. The design of beams and columns adopts an integrated structure. Compared with the split structure, it reduces the contact area between beams and columns, has fewer error accumulation links and. has excellent seismic performance, better reliability and better stability. At the same time, the three axes are equipped with large roller linear guides and 1g acceleration to ensure the excellent cutting rigidity and processing efficiency of the equipment.
Equipped with an independently developed and manufactured high-speed electric spindle and a direct-drive cradle turntable with double-torque motor, it can realize high-speed five-axis linkage processing function. The combination of high rigidity host structure and 292Nm high torque electric spindle ensures that the equipment can perform powerful cutting without vibration; the maximum rotating torque of AC axis is 51601720Nm, which can meet the linkage processing of 800kg heavy weight. objects.
In the design process, the product fully adopts three-dimensional simulation of actual manufacturing and assembly, combined with finite element analysis software, combined with reliable kinematic analysis and calculation software, to demonstrate a high speed, high response, high efficiency, high precision, high precision. cutting rigidity, high reliability and high precision. A complete experience of stability.
The AC axis adopts direct drive technology, with two-axis positioning accuracy of 8″ and repeatable positioning accuracy of 5″. It has the advantages of high transmission precision, fast dynamic response, no mechanical wear, simple structure and high reliability. .
The A axis of CFM650 adopts double arm torque motor direct drive technology, which achieves high speed and high torque processing with excellent performance characteristics. The use of water cooling technology can effectively reduce thermal deformation and improve the processing precision of the cradle.
Through the adjustment of each servo axis, parameter modules suitable for different processing conditions are modulated, which can be switched from time to time via fixed cycles during processing; processing time.
Thanks to the development of a graphical interface, the load and temperature status of each axis is dynamically displayed at any time. Bearing temperature monitoring is also added for the electric spindle. When the torque of each axis is abnormal, a shutdown alarm is triggered. Automatically triggered to minimize damage from collisions and component interference. Interval active protection prevents impacts on components during the movement of each axis. According to needs, the spindle thermal extension error compensation data can be collected and analyzed, and the function can be used to compensate them in real time to improve machining precision.
3. Jinan No. 2 Machine tool XHBSV2516 × 27i high-speed five-axis double gantry machining center
The rapid moving speed of the linear axis of the machine tool reaches 120m/min, and the acceleration is more than 7m/s². The machine tool adopts an integrated welding bed and is equipped with a self-developed offset BC double-angle orientation CNC universal milling head and a direct drive turntable to realize six-sided processing of workpieces in a single tightening.
The universal BC double orientation angle CNC milling head is supported by high-precision YRT bearings, directly driven by a torque motor and forced circulation cooling to meet long-term use of high-speed and low-speed movements. high reliability. The entire swivel head adopts lightweight metal structural parts, which reduces the weight of the swivel head and achieves dynamic response at high speed. It features compact dimensions and good processing accessibility, meeting the processing requirements of integrated die-casting parts.
The direct-drive folding work table with torque motor has a maximum rotation diameter of 2,200 mm and is equipped with a zero point positioning system to allow quick replacement of various accessories.
The A/B/C axis drive uses torque motors, full direct drive design, no intermediate transmission links and high reliability. The tool magazine adopts a drum-shaped in-line tool magazine, and the spindle directly grips the tool without any problem. manipulator, ensuring efficiency while improving Improves tool magazine reliability.
During the processing demonstration at the exhibition, the left and right two swing heads quickly performed different processing movements, combined with the movements of tool changing and workpiece turning, demonstrating the performance of high-end products. range in domestic advanced manufacturing industries.
4. HELLER HF series five-axis horizontal machining center
This machine tool can realize combined milling and turning processing, linked processing and rotary positioning processing (3+2). It can be equipped with a chain or rack type tool magazine for quick tool changes. The highlight is the automatic changing of pallets on the cradle turntable via the pallet changer system using a lift/swivel structure. Since the advent of the cradle turntable, this is the first time that the author has seen a machine tool capable of replacing the pallet on the cradle turntable at the exhibition. The structural improvement here is to further improve and optimize the efficiency of the five-axis turntable. Machining center, saving artifact disassembly and installation time.
5. Chengdu Yuding double five-axis horizontal machining center
The spindle of this machine tool has a horizontal arrangement, vertical chip removal and high slope chip removal at the bottom of the processing area; the five-axis dual transmission system design of the machine tool can realize simultaneous processing of parts at different stations and improve processing efficiency; parts and accessories have a flip function of ±180°. The maximum turning diameter is 2000mm, allowing complete processing of large integrated die-casting parts in a single clamping. In addition, this machine tool part and accessory has a W-axis movement function, which greatly reduces the stroke and overhang length of the spindle cylinder, and improves the rigidity and treatment effectiveness.
2. Five-axis mechanical functional components
Judging from this exhibition, direct-drive five-axis functional components are the mainstream, using torque motors to drive directly, without backlash, low noise, compact structure, high overload capacity, high precision and high dynamic response. speed. High precision indexing is possible with the standard absolute rotating grid.
The five-axis mechanical functional components are more in line with the traditional design. The five-axis mechanical head has the advantages of small size and high output torque. The five-axis mechanical head or cradle turntable can multiply the output torque of the rotating shaft through gears or reducers, and are also relatively simple in terms of electrical control although the positioning precision of the processing of the mechanical head is slightly lower than that of direct drive; head, the processing of many parts Particularly high precision is often not required, so five-axis mechanical functional components still hold a significant market share.
1． Shandong Weida Precision Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 45° mechanical universal head
This accessory head is purely mechanical, with a spindle speed of 6,000 rpm, a minimum A/C axis index of 1°, and a double-layer crankset differential indexing positioning structure. The output torque can reach more than 1000Nm. With spindle loosening detection device, the A/C axis power clamp adopts proximity switch to detect the position. According to the description of Weida staff, the minimum indexing of this swivel head air conditioning can reach 0.01°.
The author believes that this 45° universal head marks the advancement of domestic mechanical milling heads in the field of differential indexing positioning technology. After all, this technology was previously only used by some milling heads of foreign brands.
Here is a brief description of differential indexing positioning technology. Through the positioning of different numbers of teeth of the two-layer toothed discs in mutual engagement, the directional rotation and the special positioning angle to the single-layer toothed disc, combined with each other. , the angle head features micro-indexed positioning technology. For example, the 1-index positioning required by the C axis can be obtained by differential indexing between the 6-index crankset on the upper layer and the 5-index crankset on the lower layer after a 6° rotation of the axis C. in the required direction, the upper layer The tray is locked and the lower tray is detached and rotated 5° in the opposite direction. Once the double plate is tightened, the result is that the milling head rotates 1° as a whole. This differential indexing positioning technology is used in the structure of the milling head. Although it greatly increases the complexity of the structure of the milling head, it can enable the milling head to achieve a minimum positioning of 0.02°/0.01°, and the milling head has a large positioning angle. output torque, small size and toothed disc positioning enable the milling head to have high positioning accuracy and large locking force. Milling heads using this technology have very broad prospects in the field of machining.
2. MILKO Spanish orthogonal automatic indexing universal milling head
The maximum spindle speed of the milling head is 5000 rpm, the maximum power is 257 kW, the maximum output torque is 1500 Nm, and the minimum index of the A/C axis can be 1 index. Additionally, we learned from on-site personnel that MILKO has designed a universal 45 degree milling head with a minimum indexing of 0.02 on the A/C axis. It also uses differential indexing positioning technology and integrates hydraulic control, signal detection and. Program control of the milling head offers unique information. As the product has only just been designed and has not yet undergone long-term reliability testing, it was not exhibited at this show.
3. Leiyier Precision Machinery Technology (Changzhou) Co., Ltd. Fully automatic five-axis double servo swivel head
The main advantage of this swivel head is that both axes are driven by bidirectional dual drives. The two AC axes are driven by two servo motors and eliminate backlash. The driving torque is large and the dynamic performance is good. Taking LYE-WZD72 as an example, the rated motor torque of the A/C axis is 1800Nm, and the maximum motor torque can reach 5400Nm. Because this swing head is driven by a servo motor, it is easy to debug and apply, and can achieve a high positioning accuracy of ±6″. Its overall performance is comparable to that of a direct drive swivel head. The dual servo swivel head is compared to the same model of direct drive dual swivel head. The appearance is smaller, especially the size of the left and right support arms, which have better access to the workpiece.
Additionally, this product has a price advantage and is cost-effective. As the technology and reliability of this product evolves, it may have a place in the future manufacturing market.
4. High rigidity Evermi CNC mechanical connection With swivel head
Dongguan Evermi CNC Equipment Technology Co., Ltd. exhibited a five-axis horizontal linkage machining center. The machine tool has a movable column structure, equipped with a high-rigidity mechanical linkage, a swing head and a B-axis turntable, which can realize five-axis horizontal linked processing. Unlike traditional three- or four-axis horizontal machining centers, five-axis linkage horizontal CNC machine tools capable of realizing mechanical transmission are rare.
HMU-140P/160P turntable and swivel head adopt patented GTRT mechanical transmission technology, that is, servo motor and helical gear (high rigidity anti-backlash technology). The turntable slewing bearing adopts YRT combined roller bearing, with load bearing). capacity of 3,000 kg. The torque motor’s unrivaled transmission rigidity makes it an ideal choice for processing difficult-to-cut materials such as aerospace titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys. The brake is a large-size disc brake driven by high-pressure oil, which eliminates the axis tilt defect of ordinary surround brakes. The transmission link is equipped with a high-precision Heidenhain circular grid, the machine tool is equipped with a 10,000 rpm. min electric spindle, which is suitable for processing high precision parts in civil aerospace field and high processing efficiency.
3. Application of tool magazine products in CNC machine tools
As an indispensable and important functional component of the machine tool, the tool magazine can store the number of tools required by the machine tool and exchange the tools with the spindle through the manipulator, thereby realizing the automatic switching of various cutting requirements of CNC machine tools, saving switching time and improving processing precision.
There are many types of tool magazines, including disc tool magazines, chain tool magazines, etc. The shape and capacity of the tool magazine should be determined based on the process scope of the machine tool. In order to meet the needs of a wide variety of CNC machining centers, tool magazine manufacturers also improve product performance, improve tool changing efficiency and reliability, and meet different customer needs in terms of tool change size.
1． Weinuo CNC WN-DB2015ZX2 double-sided moving column milling and boring machining center
This machining center won the “Spring Yan Award” CCMT2024. The machine tool features a front-mounted housing structure, a linear guide rail configuration, and a dual-channel CNC system, which can realize independent processing of two spindles. It meets the needs of specialized production and has great advantages in processing symmetrical parts. The machine tool is equipped with a chain tool magazine and a double-spindle automatic tool change, enabling the machine tool to automatically and continuously carry out boring, drilling, milling, countersinking, boring and other processes. It is suitable for processing various types of high-quality materials. precision, multiple processes and complex shapes. It is an automated processing machine tool that improves precision and efficiency.
The tool magazine of this machine tool is placed behind the double-moving column and moves with the movement of the column. Multi-slot chain tool magazine improves the processing flexibility of CNC machine tool. Different from the traditional fixed position tool magazine design, the rear movable column tool magazine design is overall beautiful, practical and convenient. It not only satisfies the concept of symmetrical design of the machine tool, but also takes into account many details such as. machine tool rigidity and overall precision guarantee, which greatly improves the performance of tool changing efficiency.
2. Qiaoweijin horizontal drilling and milling machining center
Qiao Weijin Technology Co., Ltd. exhibited a horizontal drilling and milling machining center. It is equipped with a tool magazine system and the tool change arm can make turns and linear movements along the track at right angles. There is also a drag chain above. the tool changing arm for pipeline supply. The entire tool magazine system is superbly designed and has a simple and elegant appearance. It overcomes the shortcomings of the tool changing arm of the traditional tool magazine and provides convenience for the design of the whole machine tool.
4. Conclusion
The CNC machine tool products displayed at the machine tool exhibition more than ten years ago gave people the impression of “Godzilla”. Machine tools such as moving beams, moving columns, and bridge gantry frames were all very large and large in size. large machine tools. Accuracy can also be obtained, which is a symbol of strength.
During the machine tool exhibition, within ten years, domestic machine tool manufacturers began to equip their machine tools with imported five-axis functional components, which improved the freedom of the machine tools on display. The machine tools on display have changed from “Godzilla” to “Transformers”. and began to automate machine tools. The pursuit and expansion of processing technology.
At CCMT2024, five-axis CNC machine tools were distributed in various exhibition halls. Leading manufacturers exhibited independently developed key functional component support products, which are as accurate as similar imported products. Most of the models on display are small in size, compact in structure and fully functional. They feature unique design concepts for various industries, with automation, efficiency, intelligence and applicability being the dominant features.
Judging from recent exhibitions, the technological development of domestic functional components has improved rapidly, especially driven by the general trend of “digital interconnection intelligent manufacturing”, to meet the needs of automation and effective treatment, as well as needs. To strengthen remote response capabilities, digital technology applies to the entire life cycle of machine tool products and is deeply integrated with the machine tool manufacturing industry to enable product development and innovation data-driven technology and iterative upgrades. In this process, high-efficiency and high-precision functional component products shine in the application of CNC machine tools, bringing a qualitative leap to the overall improvement of machine tool performance.
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