existMachine tool composed of electric spindle turning and millingChoosing the right cutting fluid is crucial to ensure machining efficiency, extend tool life and improve workpiece surface quality. The main functions of cutting fluid include lubrication, cooling, cleaning and corrosion prevention. Different types of cutting fluid are suitable for different processing conditions and materials. Here are some key considerations for choosing the right cutting fluid:
1. Material type
1. Steel: For ordinary carbon steel and alloy steel, synthetic cutting fluid (water soluble) is generally a better choice because it has good cooling effect and moderate lubricity.
2. Non-ferrous metals: For example, aluminum or copper, it is recommended to use mineral oil-based cutting fluid or special synthetic fluid. Avoid using cutting fluids containing chlorides as they can react with non-ferrous metals and cause corrosion.
3. For difficult-to-machine materials: such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, etc., it is recommended to use emulsified oil or semi-synthetic cutting fluid with extreme pressure additives to increase lubrication performance and reduce tool wear.
2. Process type
1. High-speed cutting: When cutting at high speed, a large amount of heat will be generated in the cutting area. At this point, a cutting fluid with strong cooling capacity is required, such as a water-based synthetic cutting fluid.
2. Deep hole drilling or tapping: This type of process requires the cutting fluid to have good permeability and extreme pressure properties to ensure sufficient lubrication and avoid chip sticking and tool breakage. Semi-synthetic or fully synthetic cutting fluids are more suitable.
3. Tooling material
1. High speed steel (HSS) cutting tools: Oil-based cutting fluid containing fatty acid esters should be used to improve the lubrication effect and reduce tool wear.
2. Carbide cutting tools: Since carbide cutting tools themselves have high wear resistance, synthetic cutting fluids with stronger cooling properties can be selected to improve the efficiency of heat dissipation.
4. Financial and environmental considerations
1. Cost-effective: In order to meet processing requirements, choose a cost-effective cutting fluid and pay attention to the maintenance and recycling cost.
2. Environmental protection: Choose cutting fluids that are environmentally friendly, biodegradable and do not contain heavy metals or harmful chemicals to reduce environmental impact.
5. Machine tool compatibility
1. Characteristics of electric spindle: Electric spindle compound turning and milling machine tools generally operate at higher speeds. It is necessary to ensure that the selected cutting fluid will not damage the electrical system. For example, avoid using highly conductive cutting fluids.
2. Filtration system: check whether the cutting fluid is compatible with the filtration system of the machine tool. Certain components of the cutting fluid can accelerate the clogging of the filter media.
Choosing the right cutting fluid is a meticulous job that requires careful consideration of several dimensions such as processing materials, process types, tool materials, cost effectiveness and machine tool characteristics. Practice has proven that appropriate cutting fluid can not only improve the quality and processing efficiency, but also extend the life of tools and reduce the scrap rate. It is one of the key factors for the efficient operation of composite electric spindle turning and milling machine. tools.
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