Horizontal machining center refers to a machining center whose spindle axis is parallel to the workbench and is mainly suitable for processing box-type workpieces.
The spindle of a horizontal machining center is horizontal and usually has a square table capable of performing an indexing rotational motion. Typically, it has 3 to 5 movement coordinates. The most common are three linear motion coordinates plus one rotary motion coordinate. They can allow the part to finish processing the remaining four surfaces, except the mounting surface and the top surface, after clamping. It is suitable for processing box parts.
Generally, it has an indexing worktable or a CNC conversion worktable, which can process all sides of the workpiece; it can also perform joint movements of multiple coordinates to process complex spatial surfaces;
Some horizontal machining centers are equipped with an automatic exchange workbench. While the workpieces on the workbench in the working position are processed, the workpieces on the workbench in the loading and unloading position can be loaded and unloaded, thereby greatly shortening the auxiliary time and. Improve workbench efficiency.
Vertical machining center refers to a machining center whose spindle axis is placed vertically to the workbench. It is mainly suitable for processing complex parts such as plates, discs, molds and small shells. Vertical machining centers can perform processes such as milling, boring, drilling, tapping and thread cutting. Vertical machining centers have at least three axes and two links, and can generally make three axes and three links. Some can perform five or six axis control.
The column height of the vertical machining center is limited, and the processing range of box-type parts is reduced. This is a fault in the vertical machining center. However, the workpiece in the vertical machining center is convenient for clamping and positioning; the movement trajectory of the cutting tool is easy to observe, and the debugging program is easy to check and measure. Problems can be discovered in time and the machine can be detected. stopped or modified; the cooling conditions are easy to establish, and the cutting fluid can directly reach the cutting tool and the machining surface; the three coordinate axes are consistent with the Cartesian coordinate system, and the intuitive feeling is consistent with the perspective of the drawing; . The chips are easily removed and fall to avoid scratching the treated surface. Compared with the corresponding horizontal machining center, it has a simple structure, smaller footprint and lower price.
Operating principle of the machining center:
After the workpiece is clamped once on the machining center, the numerical control system can control the machine tool to automatically select and replace tools according to different processing procedures, and automatically change the spindle speed of the machine tool , the feed speed, the movement path of the tool relative. to the part and other auxiliary functions, in sequence. Complete multi-process processing on multiple sides of the part. And it has a variety of tool changing or tool selection functions, which greatly improves production efficiency.
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