Theoretical guidance practice, maintenance machine-tools diagnose the failure of the machine-tool first, so how to judge the failure of the problem? Here are the general steps of maintenance machines.
1. failure record
When a CNC machine fails, the operator must first stop the machine tool, protect the scene, then record failure as much as possible and inform maintenance staff in time. Failure failure can provide defective first -hand materials for maintenance staff, and it must be registered as detailed as possible.
The best content includes the following aspects:
1. Record when failure occurs
1) The machine-tool model with the defects, the model of the control system adopted and the software version number of the system.
2) The phenomenon of defects, the parts where the failure occurs, and the phenomenon of the bed and the control system when the failure occurs, for example if there are sounds, smoke, taste, etc.
3) The system for operating the system when failure occurs, such as car (automatic method), MDI (manual data input method), publishing (editor), handle (hand wheel), JOG (manual method), etc.
4) If the failure occurs automatically, the treatment number of treatment treatment occurs when failure occurs, the default program number and the tool number used in processing.
5) If the processing accuracy occurs or if the outline error failure occurs, the processed part number must be saved and the unskilled part must be kept.
6) When the failure occurs, if the system has an alarm display, the alarm display and the system alarm number will be saved.
7) Diagnosing the screen, save the working state of the tool-machine failure. Such as: is the system executed!, MST and other functions? The system is entering the suspension or the emergency stop? Is the axis of system coordinates in a state of “mutual locking”? Is the multiplier rate 0? etc.
8) When a recording is in difficulty, the position of the axis of each coordinate follows the error.
9) When the recording occurs, the speed of movement, the direction of the movement, the speed of the spindle, the steering, etc.
2. Frequent records of defects
1) Does the time and cycle of failure, such as: has the machine always failed? How many times if it is a random failure? Does it happen frequently?
2) The environmental situation when failure occurs, as: does it always occur during the peak of electricity? Is the other mechanics and equipment next to CNC machine tools when the failure occurs?
3) If failure occurs when processing parts, the probability of failure when processing similar parts should be recorded.
4) Check if the defect is linked to special actions such as “power speed”, “sword change method” or “thread cut”.
3. The regular fault of defects
1) Can it repeat the defect without endangering personal security and equipment safety?
2) Check if the defect is linked to the external factors of the machine tool?
3) If the failure occurs during the execution of a fixed program section, the program can be executed separately by MDI to check if there is always the same failure?
4) If the machine failure is linked to the movement of the tool machine, if possible, you must check the action under manual conditions.
5) Did the tool-tool have the same failure? Does the surrounding CNC machine tool have the same failure? etc.
4. Registration of the external state of failure
1) Does environmental temperature exceed the eligible temperature when failure occurs? Is there a high local temperature?
2) When the defect occurs, is there a strong source of vibration around?
3) When failure occurs, is the system directly exposed to the sun?
4) Check when the failure occurs. Is there a cutting liquid, lubricating oil and water in the electric cabinet?
5) When the failure occurs, does the input voltage exceed the fluctuation range authorized by the system?
6) When the defect occurs, is there a large current device in the workshop or on the line?
7) When failure occurs, is there a strong source of electromagnetic interference of cranes, high frequency machines, welding machines or electrical machining machines near the machine tool?
8) When the defect occurs, has it installed or repaired or debugged the machine-tool nearby? Repair and delete electrical and CNC devices?
2. Check before maintenance
Before the defective maintenance of maintenance staff, the system must be carried out according to the failure phenomenon and the failure records to be carried out various system inspections and the user-tool user manual in order to confirm the cause of the defect. These inspections include:
1. Check the working state of the tool-tool
1) What is the setting of the machine tool? Do the machine working conditions meet the requirements?
2) Does the tool used during treatment meet the requirements? Is the selection of cutting parameters reasonable and correct?
3) Does the axis of the coordinates reach the position of the knife when the knife is automatically modified? Is there a compensated knife in the program?
4) Are system parameters such as system system adjustment correct?
5) Is the compensation for the system’s coordinate rod space correct?
6) Are the system adjustment parameters (including the rotation of the coordinates, the proportional scale factor, the mirror tree, the selection of the programming size unit, etc.)?
7) Is the adjustment of the system coordinate system of the system correctly the setting of the “zero biases value”?
8) Is the installation of parts reasonable? Are the measurement and methods correct and reasonable?
9) Do mechanical parts have a deformation due to temperature and treatment? etc.
2. Check the operation of the tool-tool
1) Have you changed or adjusted the operating method during the automatic operation of the machine? Is it a manual operation?
2) Is the side of the machine tool in normal treatment? Failure, luminaire and other devices in normal working position?
3) Is the operating panel of the machine-tool correct? Is the machine locked? Is the multiplier switch defined as “&”?
4) Is “emergency stop on each operating panel and the numerical control system on each operating panel of the machine tool is in state of emergency?
5) Does the fuse in the electric cabinet melt? Do the automatic switch and the circuit breaker have a trip?
6) Is the switch’s position correctly on the operating panel method of the tooltip? Is the maintenance button pressed?
3. Check the connection between machine tools and systems
1) Check if the cable is damaged and if the cable turns is broken and damaged?
2) Are the power cord and the layout of the signal line reasonable? Is the cable connection correct and reliable?
3) Are machines-tools reliably anchored? Do the basic line specifications meet the requirements?
4) Is the land shield landing correct? Is the terminal of the terminal council company reliable? Is the system thread of the system connected reliable?
5) Electromagnetic components such as relays, electromagnets and engines equipped with noise suppressor? etc.
4. Appearance verification of the CNC device
1) Do you run the CNC system when the electric cabinet door is open? Is there a cutting liquid or a cutting powder in the cabinet? Is the air filter cleaning state good?
2) The work of the fan, the heat exchanger and other components inside the electrical cabinet normal?
3) The internal electrical cabinet system, the driver’s module and the printed circuit card have dust, metal powder and other pollution?
4) When using a paper band reader, check if the paper belt player has dirt? Is the movement of the brake electromissement normal on the reader?
5) Does the fuse of the power unit base?
6) Is the cable connector sheet completely inserted and tight?
7) Is the number of system modules and printed circuits complete? Is the installation company of printed modules and circuits is it reliable?
8) The buttons of the MDI / CRE unit of the machine tool?
9) Is the system bus parameter, is the position of the entire module correct?
5. In the early inspection system of perforated paper strips, treatment procedures are generally read in paper strips. If it is found that when the information reads in the belt of punching paper is incorrect, you must check and record the following:
1) Is the paper belt reader switch normal?
2) Is the adjustment of the paper strip operation correct and if the operation is wrong?
3) Are there folding and wrinkles?
4) Are the holes in the paper belt damaged?
5) Is the connection to the paper belt connected flat?
6) Does the paper belt use it before?
7) Do you use black paper belts or other colors of paper belts?
In short, the data and the original condition must be recorded and verified during maintenance must be saved. Users are the best for preparing a defect maintenance check table according to the actual real situation.
It is only by clarifying the problem that we can solve the problem step by step.
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