The occurrence of a system hydraulic pressure failure will seriously affect the quality of the products, will reduce the efficiency of production and even increase production costs, which will ultimately affect the growth in profits. Pressure loss or unstable pressure, as the most common defect in the defaults of the hydraulic system, has always been a subject studied by workers and technicians engaged in hydraulic technology. The reason why the failure of pressure loss often occurs and it is very difficult to find faults is that there are many factors that cause pressure loss or pressure instability, and the hydraulic system is very complex . Consequently, we must carefully analyze and diagnose defects in the pressure of the hydraulic system, properly manage hydraulic equipment and prevent defects in the pressure of the hydraulic system.
1. Analysis of defects in the pressure loss of the hydraulic system
1.1 Falling Valley Fallow
The discharge valve mainly has two functions, namely the maintenance of the system’s hydraulic pressure stability and the limitation of high pressure of the system. It is installed at the exit of the hydraulic pump.
In daily work, we summarize the types of failures of the following emergency valves:
(1) The damping hole of the overflow valve is blocked. Blocking the damping hole is a common and easily neglected problem. Maintenance staff often think that the overflow valve is not valid. Once the impurities exist in hydraulic oil and the opening of the discharge valve is too large and too strong, the core of the discharge valve will be blocked and unable to return to position, which means that the machines do not work normally. After that, do not rush to replace the overflow valve, but check if the overflow valve is blocked. .
(2) Problem of the overflow valve. If the spring is not fixed or if the spring is distorted or broken, it will lead to a reduction in the pressure of the overflow valve, which makes the hydraulic actuator incapable of working normally. Currently, in order to restore pressure from the hydraulic system to normal, the maintenance staff only firmly repair the spring or replace it with a new spring.
(3) The cone valve of the relief valve is seriously worn. The pressure loss of the hydraulic system has a lot to do with the serious wear of the cone valve. The cone valve is too worn, causing a serious leak in the hydraulic system, causing a system pressure drop or a failure without pressure. After that, a new emergency valve must be replaced immediately.
1.2 Pouche of the hydraulic pump
There are many types of hydraulic pumps, and depending on if the flow is adjustable, it can be divided into: variable pumps and quantitative pumps. Depending on the pump structures commonly used in hydraulic systems, it is divided into three types: gear pump, palette pump and piston pump. There are many causes of failures caused by different types of hydraulic pumps, the main reason is that the internal components of the hydraulic pump themselves are seriously worn or damaged, resulting in large internal leaks. The wear and tension of the adaptation parts such as the cylinder and the distribution disc, the piston and the piston hole of the piston pump will cause a serious leak in the hydraulic pump; The tree cannot bear it. In addition, during the pump suction process, the pump resistance is too large, the viscosity of the oil is too high, or the speed of the pump shaft is too fast, which makes it difficult to The pump to absorb the oil, causing the heat caused by internal friction, and the adjustment deviation between the components formed by the hydraulic pump.
1.3 Activator failure
Hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors are two main components of the actuators of the hydraulic system. Most of the components of these two components are non -metallic materials, and care is necessary when using to prevent them from damaging and cause internal leaks. At the same time, we must also pay attention to the problem of the piston which falls on the hydraulic cylinder. The air entering the hydraulic motor will cause a cavisor of the hydraulic engine, which operates the engine and crawling, thus consuming the pressure.
2. Diagnostic methods for defaults of the hydraulic system
Hydraulic equipment is made up of mechanical, hydraulic, electric and other devices, there are therefore many types of defects, which leads to many difficulties in finding failures of the hydraulic system. In addition, the failures of the hydraulic system are generally invisible to the naked eye and are not as obvious as mechanical transmissions. We can see that during the diagnosis of the defects of the hydraulic system, the staff must constantly analyze and explore, verify various judgments on the possible causes of the accident one by one, grasp the main contradictions and quickly eliminate the causes of the mistake. We now use two current defect diagnostic methods:
2.1 Regional analysis method
The area analysis method consists in dividing the entire diagram of the hydraulic system into the area. defect and propose methods to resolve the defect. This method has high requirements for professional knowledge of maintenance personnel, forcing people to understand the diagram of the system of hydraulic principle, to understand the structure and performance of various components and familiarize themselves with the functioning of the system. It is only by having such basic knowledge that you can quickly judge and solve the problems.
2.2 Complete analysis method
The complete analysis method is to carry out a complete defect analysis, including the cause and development of the fault, and test the system, use modern information processing methods to process resulting data, obtain specific results And therefore discover the occurrence. Correct judgments and propose solutions to the deep cause of failure.
3. Management methods to prevent failure from the hydraulic system
3.1 Strengthen hydraulic oil management
According to incomplete statistics, system failures caused by hydraulic oil pollution represents approximately 70% of total failures. Impurities such as solid particles are the main killers who harm the actuators of the hydraulic system and cause the greatest damage to hydraulic oil pollution. Consequently, hydraulic oil pollution must be strictly controlled and the normal and stable operation of the machine must be maintained to reduce the incidence of failure, prolong the lifespan of the equipment, reduce the costs of exploitation and thus increase profits. In daily work, hydraulic oil must be online filtration, valve nuclei and petroleum tank pollutants must be cleaned in a timely manner, and filter elements must be replaced regularly to reduce emergencies caused by pollution liquid and oil.
3.2 Strengthen components’ maintenance
A hydraulic system is a system that must operate under high pressure. Since the hydraulic component control valves are inside the valve body, we cannot find it at a glance, so we have to pay attention to the maintenance of the equipment, Disassemble and inspect the components regularly, clean them and maintain them by professionals. Maintaining components is the same as that of human health care.
3.3 Strengthen maintenance staff training
The hydraulic system is made up of many high precision components, and the connections of each pipeline are completed and connected one by one. In this way, the commercial level of the operator will be very high. Operators must be able to master the basic knowledge of hydraulic systems, to familiarize themselves with the performance of each component, to be clear on the structure of the equipment and to control operating methods. Strengthen maintenance personnel training, improve business level capacities and maintenance management, quickly resolve and eliminate faults and ensure the normal functioning of equipment.
4. Conclusion
In order to reduce the impact of the defaults of the hydraulic system and quickly help the defects, we must do a complete analysis to draw correct conclusions and propose solutions. Staff must have scientific and correct management methods to ensure the normal operation of production, reduce production costs and achieve profits growth.
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