CNC Knowledge: Daily maintenance methods for 20 types of mechanical equipment, collectible

January 16, 2025

01Daily maintenance of ordinary towers Before work begins: 1. Wipe the dust on the exposed surface of the guide rail and the sliding surface of the machine tool and add oil; 2. Lubricate all parts as needed; 3. Check the position of each handle; 4. Empty truck test. During work: 1. Strictly respect operational procedures; […]

01Daily maintenance of ordinary towers

Before work begins:

1. Wipe the dust on the exposed surface of the guide rail and the sliding surface of the machine tool and add oil;

2. Lubricate all parts as needed;

3. Check the position of each handle;

4. Empty truck test.

During work:

1. Strictly respect operational procedures;

2. Pay attention to the operation of the machine tool at any time during operation, and deal with any abnormality in a timely manner.

After work:

1. Clean all the iron filings;

2. Clean all parts of the machine tool;

3. Put the parts back in their place.

weekend:

1. Wipe all parts of the machine tool thoroughly to keep paint visible and iron exposed to light;

2. Check that the fasteners are not loose;

3. Check and clean wool and felt;

4. Lubricate all parts.

02 Daily maintenance of CNC lathe

1. Clean and lubricate each surface of the guide rail daily. Machine tools equipped with automatic lubrication systems should regularly check and clean the automatic lubrication system, check the oil quantity, add lubricating oil in time, and check whether the oil pump starts and stops in time . the right time;

2. Check whether the automatic lubrication system of the main spindle box is working properly every day, and replace the lubricating oil of the main spindle box regularly;

3. Pay attention to check whether the cooling fan in the electrical cabinet is working properly, whether the air duct filter is blocked, and clean the attached dust;

4. Pay attention to checking the cooling system, check the fluid level, add oil or water in time, and replace and clean the oil and water when dirty;

5. Pay attention to check the spindle drive belt and adjust the tightness;

6. Pay attention to check the tightness of the guide rail inserts and adjust the gap;

7. Pay attention to check whether there is abnormal noise from the machine tool hydraulic system oil tank pump, whether the working oil level is appropriate, whether the pressure gauge indication is normal and if there are leaks in the pipes and joints;

8. Pay attention to checking whether the guide rails and protective covers of machine tools are complete and effective;

9. Pay attention to checking the mechanical accuracy of each moving part to reduce shape and position deviations;

10. Clean the machine tool daily after leaving work, remove the iron filings, and wipe the coolant from the guide rails to prevent the guide rails from rusting.

03 Daily maintenance of the vertical lathe

Contents and daily maintenance requirements:

Time: 10 minutes before and after shift daily, 1 hour on weekends;

Responsible person: The operator performs and the inspection personnel checks.

Before work begins:

Check the shift transfer notebook;

Strictly follow the “lubrication chart” of the equipment for refueling to ensure timing, quantity and quality;

For equipment stopped for more than 8 hours, when the equipment is not started, it should run at low speed for 3-5 minutes to confirm whether the lubrication system is smooth and all parts are working normally before starting the work. .

During work:

A. Frequently check the operation of each part of the equipment and the working condition of the lubrication system. If there is an abnormality, immediately notify the inspection personnel to remedy it;

B. It is strictly prohibited to place tools, parts, metal objects and pedals on each surface of the guide rail and on the protective cover.

After work:

A. Wipe the iron filings and coolant on the surface of the guide rail, and there is no black oil on the screw and light rod;

B. Clean iron filings and debris around the equipment;

C. Carefully complete the material delivery form.

04 Daily maintenance of medium frequency induction furnace

1. Completely eliminate oxidation residues in the induction body. Carefully check whether the insulation furnace liner is damaged or cracked and resolve any problems timely;

2. Check the waterway to ensure that it is not blocked, that there is sufficient return water, that there are no leaks, and that the inlet water temperature is is not greater than 35°;

3. Observe whether the appearance of the varistor, protective resistor and capacitor in the intermediate frequency power cabinet is normal, whether the fixing bolts are loose, whether the solder joints fall off, and whether the electrolyte from the capacitor is leaking. Promptly notify maintenance personnel if problems are discovered;

4. The equipped lifting crane should be lubricated regularly.

05 Routine maintenance of the boring machine

Before work begins:

Check whether the machine tool components are intact and whether the handles are in normal positions; clean all parts of the machine tool, observe each lubricating device, directly lubricate the guide rail surface of the machine tool, and operate the machine at low speed for a period of time. certain period of time.

During work:

The main thing is to operate it correctly, not to overload the machine tool, and not to use precision machine tools for rough machining, etc. If any abnormality is found in the machine tool during work, it must be immediately stopped for inspection.

After work:

Clean all parts of the machine tool, move all moving parts of the machine tool to the specified positions and turn off the power.

06 Daily maintenance of the centerless grinder

1. Spindle oil pressure is limited to 8 ~ 10 kg/cm;

2. Use a lubricator to properly lubricate the machine tool before starting the machine;

3. Add an appropriate amount of lubricating oil to the cutting blade every day and keep the blade clean (clean, free of debris, impurities and lubricated);

4. Check the tightness of the zipper frequently.

5. Regularly check the tightness of the grinding wheel transmission belt;

6. Replace the machine tool spindle every 2,000 hours of use.

07 Routine maintenance of the cylindrical grinder

1. Use a brush to clean the entire cylindrical grinder after each day’s work. It is strictly prohibited to use a pneumatic gun to blow directly on the work surface or guide rail to prevent iron filings from entering the guide rail and affecting the precision of the cylindrical grinder;

2. It is strictly prohibited to use a fan to blow against the workbench during operation to prevent dust and iron filings from falling back into the guide rails, affecting the precision and feel of the guide rails;

3. The oil of the guide rail of the cylindrical grinder should be replaced and added in time. Generally, if the oil on the oil mirror is cloudy or black, it should be replaced every 3 to 6 months, at first. the third month and once during the following 6 months;

4. Please use professional lubricating oil for cylindrical grinder guide rail lubricant, usually 32# guide rail oil is suitable;

5. Regularly check whether the steel cable of the cylindrical grinder workbench is loose and lock it to avoid breakage or affect hand accuracy;

6. Clean the guide rail of the workbench regularly to prevent iron filings from wearing away the surface of the guide rail, thereby affecting the accuracy of the guide rail. For cleaning, you can wipe it with gasoline and a piece of cloth for debris embedded in wear. -strong leaf, use a shovel to gently remove it. The above actions should be carried out under the guidance of professionals or please ask the master of the cylindrical grinder manufacturer to take care of it;

7. Regularly check whether the cylindrical grinder body is unstable during operation and whether it is level;

8. If it is a manual cylindrical grinder, the tightness of the steel cable should be checked regularly;

9. If it is a semi-automatic cylindrical grinder, the concentration of the grinding fluid should be checked every week and replaced in time.

08Routine maintenance of the punching machine

1. According to the lubrication requirements, add lubricating oil to the oil holes and sliding parts;

2. Strictly comply with the safe operation requirements of the punching machine;

3. Before use, the equipment should be idle for 3 minutes and observed for any abnormalities;

4. When installing the mold, the power supply must be cut off;

5. After work, the work surface should be wiped clean, leftover materials and debris should be removed, and the power supply should be cut off;

6. Clean up the site.

09Daily maintenance of the milling machine

Before work begins:

1. Check important parts;

2. Wipe the exposed surface of the guide rail and lubricate all parts as necessary;

3. Run dry and check whether the lubrication system is normal. Check each oil level, it should not be lower than the oil mark and add lubricating oil to all parts.

After work:

1. Clean the bed and components, remove iron filings, and maintain sanitation of the surrounding environment;

2. Wipe the machine tool;

3. Cleaners, pliers and measuring tools;

4. Put all departments back in their place.

10 Routine maintenance of the drill

Before work begins:

1. Wipe the dust on the exposed surface of the guide rail and the work surface;

2. Lubricate each part according to regulations and the oil quantity meets the requirements;

3. Check that each handle is flexible and reliable;

4. Operation test with an empty truck.

After work:

1. Clean all the iron filings;

2. Clean all parts of the machine tool;

3. Put the parts back in their place.

11 Routine maintenance of the hydraulic press

1. L-HL32/GB1118-89 hydraulic oil, when the temperature is below 20 degrees, N32/GB3141 can be used; When the temperature is above 30 degrees, N46/GB3141 can be used. It is recommended to use No. 32 and No. 46 anti-wear hydraulic oil for the working oil, and the operating oil temperature should be between 15 and 60 degrees Celsius;

2. Oil industry must undergo strict filtration before it can be added to the tank;

3. The working oil should be replaced once a year, and the first replacement period should not exceed three months;

4. The slider should be regularly filled with lubricating oil, the outer surface of the column should be kept clean at all times, and the engine oil should be sprayed before each work;

5. Under the rated pressure of 500T, the maximum allowed eccentricity of the concentrated load is 40mm. Excessive eccentricity can easily cause column stress or other undesirable phenomena;

6. Calibrate and check the pressure gauge every six months;

7. If the machine is out of service for a long time, the surface of each processing plant should be cleaned and coated with anti-rust oil;

8. At the end of each workday: move the slider to the lowest position.

Routine maintenance of 12 milling and drilling machines

1. Before starting the machine, check whether each clamping mechanism is tight, whether the lifting movement of the spindle sleeve and the condition of the electrical equipment are normal, and whether the ground wire is grounded properly. reliable (the two-tone yellow and green wire is the ground wire);

2. If a power failure occurs during work, the power switch should be turned off immediately to avoid adverse consequences caused by the machine tool automatically turning on during operation;

3. After the work is completed, the iron filings and dirt on the machine should be removed, and anti-rust oil should be applied to the unpainted surface to prevent rust.

13 Daily maintenance of gas storage tank

1. Check whether the safety valve is normal;

2. Check the quality and position of the pressure gauge. When there is no pressure, the position of the pressure gauge is in the “0” state, which is the limit nail;

3. Slowly open the exhaust valve to the appropriate opening to remove moisture in the tank;

4. First check the tightness of the pipeline and ensure that there are no abnormalities before opening the air inlet valve;

5. Observe the air intake process, pipelines and tanks for leaks until operating pressure is reached;

6. Drain the gas tank at least twice per shift;

7. Check every day for corrosive gases and fluids around the gas storage tank;

8. Check the indicated value of the pressure gauge daily. If abnormal pressure is detected (i.e. failure), replace it in case of failure; the maximum working pressure should be <0.8 MPa. If it is greater than 0.8 MPa, the safety valve. must be opened automatically, otherwise it must be immediately stopped the air inlet and carry out maintenance;

9. Check the tightness of the air pressure line. If there is an air leak, repair it in time.

14 Routine maintenance of the ultrasonic cleaning machine

Routine maintenance: (after each operation)

1. Flush the hose and filter leading to the detergent to remove any detergent residue to help prevent corrosion;

2. Turn off the water supply system connected to the high pressure cleaning machine;

3. Pull the trigger on the spray gun rod to release all pressure in the hose;

4. Remove the rubber hose and high pressure hose from the pressure washer;

5. Cut the spark plug connection wire to ensure that the engine does not start (applicable to engine models).

15 Routine maintenance of pressure testing machine

1. The appearance of the equipment is clean and tidy;

2. The electrical and electronic control cabinet of the equipment operates normally;

3. The working state of the equipment is normal, and the signals displayed by each indicator instrument are normal;

4. The equipment adjustment handles and knobs are flexible and reliable;

5. The safety protection device of the equipment works normally;

6. The equipment’s lubrication and cooling systems are normal;

7. The area around the equipment is clean and tidy, without random piles of debris, and the temperature and humidity are appropriate;

8. The auxiliary equipment of the main equipment operates normally and the maintenance meets the requirements;

9. All types of operation and maintenance tools, instruments, devices, spare parts and materials are carefully placed.

16Daily maintenance of the refueling machine