CNC Knowledge: Multiple states and solutions for part surface differences

In modern manufacturing, the quality of part surfaces is directly related to the aesthetics, durability and overall performance of the product. However, in the machining process itself, various quality problems may occur on the workpiece surface due to the influence of various factors. This article will analyze in detail several common conditions of poor part surface quality, including scratches, poor finishing, waviness, burns, cracks and other conditions, and propose targeted solutions for each condition.

1. Scratch

Scratches are one of the most common quality problems on part surfaces, usually caused by contact or friction with hard objects. Scratches may appear as one or more elongated marks that may extend across the entire surface of the part or may only appear in localized areas. Scratches not only affect the aesthetics of the part, but can also have a serious impact on its performance.

Solution:

Strengthen the maintenance of grinding equipment and tools to ensure smooth and vibration-free operation of grinding wheels, guide wheels and other components.

Use appropriate cutting fluid to reduce heat and friction while grinding while keeping the work area clean.

During treatment, try to avoid direct contact between the part and hard objects. You can use soft gaskets or protective covers to reduce the risk of scratches.

2. Bad softness

Poor finish refers to a high degree of microscopic irregularities on the surface of the part, which is usually measured with a profilometer or similar instrument. The surface of a poorly finished part may appear rough and uneven, affecting the appearance and performance of the part.

Solution:

Optimize the machining process and parameters, such as selecting the appropriate grinding speed, feed and wheel grit.

Use high-quality grinding wheels and cutting fluids to ensure stability and controllability during machining.

The treated part is polished to improve the surface finish.

3. Ripple

Ripples refer to wavy ripples on the surface of the workpiece, which are usually caused by vibration or instability during the grinding process. The existence of corrugations will make the surface of the workpiece uneven and affect the accuracy and aesthetics of the workpiece.

Solution:

Strengthen the maintenance and upkeep of machine tools to ensure the precision and stability of machine tools.

Optimize the grinding process and parameters, such as adjusting the grinding speed, feed rate and wheel dressing method.

Use vibration suppression technology or damping devices to reduce vibration during grinding.

4. Burns

Burn-in refers to thermal damage on the workpiece surface caused by high temperature or friction during processing. Burns may appear as localized discoloration, oxidation, or melting of the surface of the part. Burns not only affect the aesthetics of the part, but can also have a serious impact on its performance.

Solution:

Choose the right cutting fluids and lubricants to reduce heat and friction during machining.

Optimize the machining process and parameters, such as reducing the grinding speed, increasing the feed, or selecting a more suitable grinding wheel.

The treated part is annealed to eliminate thermal stresses caused by burns.

5. Cracks

Cracks refer to tiny cracks that appear on or in a workpiece. These cracks can be caused by stress concentration during machining, material defects or incorrect operation. The presence of cracks will significantly reduce the strength and durability of the part and may even cause it to break during use.

Solution:

Strict material inspection and parts pretreatment are carried out before processing to ensure material quality and performance.

Optimize machining processes and parameters, such as selecting the appropriate cutting speed, feed and depth of cut.

Perform crack detection and treatment on the treated part, for example using ultrasonic testing or magnetic particle testing.

6. Other status

In addition to the above common conditions, other quality problems such as rust, corrosion, contamination, etc. may occur. can also occur on the surface of the part. These problems usually arise due to the impact of environmental factors on the workpiece during processing, storage or use.

Solution:

Carry out strict anti-rust and anti-corrosion treatment on the part, such as using anti-rust oil, anti-rust paint, etc.

Keep the processing environment clean and dry to avoid room contamination. Protect and package parts properly during storage and transportation.

Conclusion

The surface quality of parts is an important issue that cannot be ignored in manufacturing. By analyzing scratches, poor finishes, waviness, burns, cracks and other common conditions in detail and providing targeted solutions, we can effectively improve the quality and performance of the part surface. At the same time, strengthening quality control and testing methods is also the key to ensuring the surface quality of parts. In the future manufacturing process, we should continue to explore and optimize processing techniques and technical means to continuously improve the quality and competitiveness of the workpiece surface.