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3D Printing Technology Blog & News

GreatLight’s blog aims to share our hard-earned knowledge on 3D Printing Technology. We hope these articles help you to optimize your product design and better understand the world of rapid prototyping. Enjoy!

How to get better aesthetic results in the 3D FDM printing?

How to get better aesthetic results in the 3D FDM printing?

Great Light CNC Machining Services 11/02/2025 14:27

Use of filament deposit technology On 3D printed parts, we can often observe certain artifacts, layers and traces of the support required for printing. These visual defects can sometimes be boring and we soon want to improve the aesthetics of FDM printed parts.

If you have already tried to improve FDM 3D printing results, you probably know that this is a process involving several steps, each step is difficult. However, cleaner and more professional results can be obtained by taking appropriate approaches before, during and after printing.

How to get better aesthetic results in the 3D FDM

Figure 1. Obtaining a nice effect depends on the printing itself and the steps before and after。

Preparation before printing

Even in Before 3D printing, some parameters come into play to ensure the quality of the final room. Two main factors are the 3D printer and the materials used.

For filaments, the humidity he absorbs can cause printing defects, such as bubbles or cracks, which affects the surface finish. To avoid this, it is recommended to use a dedicated machine, dehumidifier or put it in an oven at low temperature to dry the filament before printing.

Regarding printers, cleaning the print bed is crucial. A clean surface ensures better grip and a first uniform coating. Regularly clean the tray with isopropanol or degreasing soap to remove residues.

It is also important to ensure that the bed is properly leveled, it can be leveled manually, or if the printer has an automatic leveling function, use the automatic upgrade function. Also adjust the height of the nozzle compared to the plate (small steps or Offset of axis z) to ensure the best first layer.

Finally, the regular maintenance of the printer helps to maximize its chances of obtaining good reproducible results. This maintenance ranges from overall cleaning (plate, tree, extruder, hot end, etc.) to lubrication trees, including mechanical settings such as extruder pressure, belt tension and adjustment of belts E eccentric wheels V on the printer.

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Figure 2.In order to obtain beautiful effects without ringing or ghost artefacts, yours must be properly maintained 3D printer.

Cut the Prompts and Printing Settings

The edge is A key step in 3D printing, because this is the moment when you prepare parts and adjust all the printing settings. To guarantee optimal results, the orientation of the parts is a critical adjustment which affects the finish of the surface and the need for manufacturing support. Position the components to minimize overhang, reducing areas that require support, which will improve the ultimate aesthetics.

In some cases, parts with complex geometry and difficult to print can be facilitated by dividing them into sections, then connecting them after printing. Most modern slicers allow you to divide parts along the axis and create joints for easy alignment during collage. The division of complex parts into several parts can reduce the need for support and improve the quality of the surface.

Certain printing parameters which must be adjusted during the slicing process, such as the print speed, the height of the layer, the filling (pattern, density, overlapping with the perimeter) and the printing order of interior and exterior walls.

The height of the layer is a parameter that can improve printing speed or quickly improve quality. The higher the number of layers, the lower the number of layers, the more faster the printing. On the contrary, the more diapers, the higher the level of improvement of the mass, reducing the steps of the curved surface and the compliant surface.

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Figure 3.Use of linear deposit technology Each layer of a 3D printed component is generally visible to the naked eye. The greater the height of the layer, the easier it is to distinguish these layers.

Reducing speed, especially the speed of the external layer, can improve the accuracy and quality of the surface. Adjust the speed according to the complexity of the parts and the materials used.

Printing filling is an often overlooked parameter on the aesthetics of printing. Although the filling is internal and hidden once the printing is complete, it serves as a stable base for the above layers, helping the overall success of printing. There are different models that meet specific needs, for example, gyroscopes can be improved Z The resistance of the direction, while the filling of the lightning can be used as an internal automatic support, considerably reducing the quantity of filling used. It can also be important to adjust the percentage of overlap between filling and the wall to ensure optimal strength and aesthetics.

Extrusion temperature and material cooling can also be adjusted during the slice. It is important to successfully find the balance between extrusion temperature and cooling: too high a temperature can cause rough surfaces, while too low temperatures can affect intercouche adhesion and negatively affect mechanical properties. Adjust these parameters according to the materials used and the desired results to obtain the best balance between robustness and aesthetics.

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Figure 4. For some components, a support is necessary to ensure a successful impression.

The increase in the number of walls can improve exterior decoration. Similarly, the optimization of the upper and lower layer of layers guarantees smooth and uniform surfaces. In addition to all the elements mentioned above, there are more advanced singling parameters to improve the aesthetics of printing:

First print the device, then print the internal: This technique improves the precision of the outline by first printing the exterior wall, then printing the inner wall.

Variable layer height: Use thinner layers for detailed areas and thicker layers for less obvious parts, which can optimize the quality and time of printing.

Use different materials as a support interface: Using different materials from the rest of the printing as a support interface, the distance between the interface and the printing itself can be reduced, guaranteeing better results. For example,PLA and PETG are excellent materials that can be used together for better apparent printing.

Post-processing technology

Once the impression is over, post-processing is sometimes necessary to improve The appearance and feeling of 3D printed parts. Depending on the material used and the finish required, different methods can be used to smooth the surface, hide the layers and even improve the firmness of the room. From polishing to paint, bond and more advanced technologies such as resin coating or thermal polishing, each solution offers aesthetic and functional improvements.

Grinding and smoothing

After printing, polishing is a common method to smooth the surface. First use coarse sandpaper (approximately 100-200) Remove the most obvious flaws, then polish the surface more using thinner sandpaper (400-600). Growing with a very fine grain (1000 or more) for a silky effect. To get a super smooth surface, you can use a varnish. Before sanding the parts, you can fill the holes and joints between the parts assembled with filling and fill the micro-lacunes between the layers with a filling primer filled with spray to facilitate post-processing. Other effective methods of similar post-processing include sandblasting or sand.

1739327220 975 How to get better aesthetic results in the 3D FDM

Figure 5. grinding is an effective post-processing method to improve the surface finish.

Coating and finish

Before applying paint, apply the primer and gently sand the surface to ensure better grip. Choose paint suitable for room material and apply evenly for professional results. Brush or spray pistol paint can obtain a meticulous effect, while aerosol paint can cover a large area uniformly and quickly.

Assembly and collage

When connecting divided parts, it is crucial to choose the right adhesive. Cyanoacrylate glue (also known as super glue or super glue) quickly solidifies, which makes it ideal for small sizes PLA or component PETG. To obtain stronger membership, especially in larger areas, the use of epoxy adhesive for two components is a good choice. For ABS components, acetone chemical welding can be used to merge individual elements to form an invisible and durable component. There are also adhesives based on chemical welding principles, which are specifically used in 3D printing and can be used in various materials (such as 3D Gloop).

Another solution is to plan a locking or screw system of the design phase. The tenons and mortists printed directly on the parts help their alignment and strengthen their support. Warm fusion metal inserts can also be integrated for detachable and robust components.

Other finishing techniques

In addition to polishing and painting, there are other technologies that can be improved The aesthetics of 3D printed parts. For example, thermal polishing consists in briefly exposing the surface to the heat of a hot air pistol, a hidingard or a lighter to smooth angel hair and other micro-defects. This method is particularly effective for Petg, ASA and ABS, but it must be used with care to avoid distortion of the parts.

1739327220 249 How to get better aesthetic results in the 3D FDM

Figure 6.exist In FDM 3D printing, parts must often be assembled to obtain larger and more complex shapes. (Photo source: 3D prusa)

Another popular method is to use transparent or colorful epoxy resins. These resins are applied by brush or impregnation to fill irregular parts, giving the surface a shiny and uniform appearance. This technology is often used in parts exposed to wet environments or requires high -end aesthetics.The UV resin used for 3D resin printing can also be applied to parts in the same way and obtain similar effects after photopolymerization.

There are other post-processing methods that can carry out excellent mechanical or aesthetic properties such as watermark, veneer or reception.

FDM 3D printing is a technology available because of its introduction price and ease of use, but reaching optimal aesthetic performance requires prudent and rigorous attention at each stage of the process. From the preparation of the printer to post-processing, each parameter affects the final rendering. Drying filaments, bed cleaning, setting the slice parameters and the use of correct post-processing techniques are all the necessary steps to produce more beautiful and professional parts.

Experimentation is always the key to perfecting your impressions. Each printer, each filament and each project has its own characteristics, and testing different methods can help you find the best parameters.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Thermal isostatic receipt and pressure (hip): which thermal treatment should be selected in 3D printing?

Thermal isostatic receipt and pressure (hip): which thermal treatment should be selected in 3D printing?

Great Light CNC Machining Services 11/02/2025 12:24

While additive manufacturing continues to industrialize, post-processing has become increasingly important. This critical step allows users to improve parts to make them stronger, densest and even give them specific properties so that they can be used in important final applications. In different types of post-processing, for powdered bedsFor 3D printing (in particular metal), the most important thing is heat treatment. But what type of heat treatment is suitable for parts? How does it work? To answer these questions, we want to study two commonly used heat treatment processes: the thermal isostatic pressure (HIP) and the receipt.

Both are compatible with metal work, includingLPBF, EBM, powder link, DED and even nanoparticles jet. They can also be used with ceramics and polymers, although various degrees. The two methods have many advantages, including the strengthening of the material, which facilitates the treatment and improvement of its performance. Basically, the two technologies are used to optimize components, but the specific process and results are different.

Thermal isostatic receipt and pressure hip which thermal treatment should

Printed metal parts (image source: industrial metal services)

Principle of thermal pressure and receipt

To understandThe differences and similarities between the hip and the receipt, we will examine each process. First of all, the receipt is a heat treatment which involves heating of metal, glass, ceramics or polymer and allowing the material to cool slowly to eliminate internal stress. This process modifies the physical properties of the material, sometimes also modifies the chemical properties, increases the ductility of the material, reduces the hardness of the material and facilitates treatment.

on the other hand,The hip consists in exposing parts to high temperatures and air pressure to eliminate the porosity of metallurgical materials. It can also increase the density of many ceramics, making a completely dense component.

Don’t forget,“I” in hip represents the balance. In this case, gas is applied equally, which means that it applies the same pressure in all directions of the material. This will lead to a creation of a uniform force around the object. Like the receipt, the hip can improve mechanical properties and the transformation of materials. The process can also assemble different materials to create unique parts.

Peak process

The receipt is carried out in an appropriate oven. These vary according to material requirements and costs, but can generally beHeat between 300 ° C and 1,000 ° C (for high -end models). The temperature inside the furnace must be carefully controlled, which is why these receipt ovens are often recommended – but note that any oven that reaches the correct temperature can theoretically be used if the temperature requirements are met.

The receipt is divided into three steps, which are all determined by temperature parameters depending on the type of material used. For Anneale, it is necessary to understand the material and its temperature needs.

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Fucked frenace (image source:Thermcraft）

1. Recovery phase

In the first step of the receipt, that is to say the recovery stage, the temperature of the material rises to a level above the crystallization temperature, so that the atoms have the energy to move . The movement of atoms helps to redistribute and eliminate dislocations (irregularity in crystal structures), in particular in metals. This makes the metal more subject to deformation and therefore more ductile. Ceramics will also have the same effect, but to a lesser extent. Overall, this step helps reduce internal stress on the material.

2. Recrystallization steps

While the material continues to warm up, it ultimately reaches the recrystallization stage, which is high enough to allow recrystallization, but is still below the melting point. Currently, new stress -free grains are formed and developing, replacing the space left by the previous dislocation.

3. Grain growth step

Once the recrystallization is complete, the object begins to cool down and enters the stage of grain growth. As new particles are starting to develop and develop as they cool. However, the growth of these grains is not random. It is controlled according to the cooling speed and the atmosphere of the object cooling.

1739319885 371 Thermal isostatic receipt and pressure hip which thermal treatment should

Graphic representation of molecular changes during the receipt (image source:Mechdaily）

Depending on the material, the receipt can take from four hours to a full day. It should also be noted that there are several types of receipts. Although it is not an exhaustive list of all of the receipt processes, some of the most commonly used processes are complete receipt, isothermal receipt, spheroid receipt, diffusion receipt and recupement of relief stress.

Parts manufactured by additive manufacturing, or at least parts in appropriate materials, can benefit from all these processes. If you have to choose between different types of receipt process, materials and application will be the decisive factors.

Thermal isostatic pressing process

The hip involves loading parts in high pressure confinement and exposing them to high temperature gases and high isostatic gases. The temperature can reach 2000 ℃ and the pressure can reach 310 MPa, which is approximately equivalent to pressure at 11,000 meters deep in the Mariana trench in the Pacific Ocean. The material then shrinks, retaining its original shape until the pores inside disappear, thus making the piece dense. This process is widely used to reduce constraints in sintering, casting and additive manufacturing components.

Argon is the most used pressure gas in this process. Argon is an inert gas that does not cause any chemical reaction in the material. The type of metal used can also minimize the impact of chemical reactions. Some systems also use additional air pumps to reach the necessary pressure levels. These gases are also applied to the object and maintained for a period of time.

1739319885 221 Thermal isostatic receipt and pressure hip which thermal treatment should

Image source: Federation of the metal powder industry

The temperature of the gas and the pressure level and the duration of the cycle all depend on the type of material used and the desired characteristics of the final product. The cycle can last from eight to twelve hours or days. This process gives parts a uniform microstructure, thus improving their performance.

Talk aboutHiperbaric, a leader in the field of 3D printing technology, isostatic thermal pressing, noted that the hip can be easily combined with the fusion of laser powder and EBM to obtain better quality parts. The powder bond, mangy, metal extrusion and metal spraying (such as pulverization of nanoparticles) are also compatible.

Compatibility of materials for thermal pressure and receipt

We have briefly mentioned above, but in terms of equipment,The hip and receipt processes overlap. In fact, they can be used with different metals, whatever the type.

Take the receipt as an example. This post-processing method is suitable for amorphous and crystalline materials. Therefore, it can be used in refractory metals, alloys and steels. Stainless steel is considered to be one of the most commonly used materials for parts, but bronze, aluminum, copper and brass are also mentioned. existOn the hip side, all metals seem compatible. It can even be used in difficult to process materials such as high temperature alloys based on nickel and titanium alloys.

1739319886 102 Thermal isostatic receipt and pressure hip which thermal treatment should

Example of high temperature alloy based on nickel printed in 3D (image source: ally / Aubert & Duval)

However, metal is not the only compatible material. Ceramic components can also be adoptedHip or receipt for post-processing. Again, all ceramics seem compatible with the two processes as long as the properties of the material are respected.

The receipt, on the other hand, is characterized by compatibility with most polymers. Since it does not imply pressure but rather temperature changes, many polymers used in additive manufacturing can be recovered. For example, it is generally used to improveForce of ABS components. Other standard materials that do not have the best performance, such as PLA and PETG components, are more and more recovered, even the manufacturers. But for the hip, this is not necessarily the case.

Advantages and disadvantages of the process

Although receipt andThe hip involves different processes, but their advantages are similar. The two improve ductility and eliminate the defects of the material, whether pores (hip) or dislocations (receipt) in crystalline structures. Recuity and thermal isostatic pressure essentially eliminates internal defects and constraints and improves the uniformity of the microstructure and the properties of the materials. The two processes also help to consolidate the steps, as many 3D printed metal parts in any case require heat treatment to reduce residual thermal stress.

The receipt causes the migration of molecules in the microstructure, eliminating all the constraints that can be introduced during the formation of materials. This process also helps prevent cracks and improve the processor. In addition, due to the correction of dislocations in the metal network, conductivity is improved and the magnetic properties are improved. The receipt can precisely handle the material to obtain the desired properties by heating and selectively cooling the material, thus obtaining the desired type of grain and affecting the physical properties of the material.

The hip process can increase the density of the material because it forms metallurgical bonds between different diffusion materials. These improvements are essential for applications requiring strong resistance and reliability. This method can also repair material defects. For example, metal parts with holes inside can be treated to fill the compressed material holes. Overall, the thermal isostatic pressure and the REPUIT help reduce material waste as they improve existing materials, ensure their lifespan and reduce the need to buy new materials.

The materials undergoSchematic diagrams before and after the treatment of the hip (image source: hot isostatic x -ray tomography in the manufacture of metallic additive reveals the details of the closure of pores, direct science, a.du plessis ab, E. Macdonald)

The drawback of the two methods is the time necessary to complete the process. They may need to exceed24 hours, especially the hip, can take several days. Of course, these two technologies also require additional costs. They require initial costs for equipment and qualified operators, then require a lot of energy to warm up. The receipt can also involve forced cooling, which means that more energy is necessary. For both methods, the duration and the cost depends strongly on the materials used and the production scale.

Finally, the two processes affect the final dimensions of the part, which is not necessarily a drawback, but must be taken into account. RECUIT causes dimensional changes because the microstructure of the material changes, which isThis also happens in the hip process because the material is compressed. The degree of modification depends on factors such as the materials and the process parameters used.

Finally, when should the reception or the thermal isostatic pressure be avoided? If your parts do not need to improve mechanical properties, these processes may not be worth money. If your room has an internal cavity or a complex channel (which can collapse under pressure),The hip can be particularly unsuitable. The hip process is ideal when you want the parts to be dense. If you already have fully dense 3D printed parts (such as high quality parts made with a laser powder fusion), you don’t need to use this process.

ISOSTATIC REPUIT APPLICATION

Technically, the reception and the thermal isostatic pressure can be used in all areas where the properties of the materials are evaluated. However, it should be mentioned that although the thermal isostatic pressure is relatively difficult to achieve, except at the industrial level, the receipt can be carried out more easily, thus opening a wider audience.

However, in specific fields, these post-processing methods are widely used. For example,The hip was first used in the commercial environment of the aerospace industry. More specifically, it is used to produce turbine blades in a jet motor. Of course, these are not parts made thanks to additive manufacturing at the time.

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3D printed turbine paces (image source: Siemens)

If we pay special attentionThe combination of hip and 3D printing, we will think of the medical field, and these two processes make it possible to make the hip and knee prostheses possible with titanium alloys. In the aerospace field, high temperature alloys based on nickel are used in turbine blades with LBPF and in fuel injectors with COCR. The hip is also used in the automotive field because it can increase confidence in 3D printed parts.

The receipt is common in similar industries because it can improve ductility, eliminate stress and reduce the hardness of the material. While improving magnetic properties, it can also reduce the fragility of metal. Therefore, the applications that benefit from these characteristics are the most appropriate.

The main receipt industries are medical, aerospace, automotive and semiconductor equipment. In the aerospace field, it is commonly used in aircraft components and can also be used in body panels in the automotive manufacturing industry. In the field of medicine, it can be used in medical devices such as orthopedic implants, because it can form alloys and metals biocompatible with the desired strength and durability. Finally, as the receipt can improve conductivity, it can be used to make semiconductors or solar cells in the electronics.

Manufacturer and price

A receipt is not necessarily necessary for annual parts. Sometimes a standard oven (like a laboratory oven) is suitable, in particular for small scales which do not require very high precision orDIY projects (mainly for polymers). However, if that is the case, a specialized reception furnace can be essential. The manufacturers of these devices include precons, Gasbarre Products, Inc and CM Furnaces, Inc.

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Fucked frenace (image source:Precise）

Unlike the receipt,The hip requires specialized machines. You can hire a service or consider buying a machine yourself. The main manufacturers include Bodycot, Kobe Steel, Aalberts, Quintus and Esppi.

RECOIVE ANDThe cost of hip treatment depends on a number of factors such as the materials used, the magnitude of production, applications requirements and if you want to outsource the service or manage it internally.

For the receipt, the cost of a laboratory furnace is approximatelyFor $ 500, the cost of an industrial reception, varies from $ 3,000 to $ 100,000. The price range of thermal isostatic presses is similar: small solutions start at around $ 7,000, while large solutions can cost hundreds of thousands or more.

1739319887 761 Thermal isostatic receipt and pressure hip which thermal treatment should

Image source:3DNATIONS

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Personalized medicine using 3D printing and semi-solid extrusion

Personalized medicine using 3D printing and semi-solid extrusion

Great Light CNC Machining Services 11/02/2025 11:23

3D printing transforms the manufacture of drugs by providing personalized solutions to improve the treatment and experience of patients. Traditionally, personalized drugs have been formulated, which is a manual, laborious process and subject to errors. However, as mentioned above, 3D printing becomes a promising technology in the field, overcoming these limits by offering the possibility of producing drugs fully adapted to the specific needs of each patient. A new study led by Lucía Rodríguez Pombo, researcher at the University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), confirms the effectiveness of 3D printing technology in the clinical manufacture of personalized drugs, especially for pediatric patients.

This is calledResearch on “the clinical 3D printing application in the preparation of personalized drugs” focuses on the application of 3D printing in the manufacture of clinical drugs. Under the direction of teachers Carmen Álvarez and Professor Álvaro Goyanes, Lucía Rodríguez Pombo explored two major technologies: semi-solid extrusion technology and 3D volume printing technology for the first time in the pharmaceutical field.

Personalized medicine using 3D printing and semi solid

The design of 3D printed drugs takes into account the needs of patients and of course the taste preferences of patients.

In this study, the possibility of implementing the two technologies in hospitals has been evaluated, highlighting their ability to produce personalized pediatric drugs whose shape, taste and dosage can be adjusted according to the specific needs of each patient . In particular, the first time that the integration of two different formulas in a single printed drug helps to improveCompliance with treatment in children aged 6 to 14.

With helpESS Technology and 3D printing volume to make personalized medicines

Judging by the results obtained by these two technologies, it is obvious that they represent significant progression in the field of personalized medicine. Studies have shown that semi-solid extrusion (Sse) can be used to print pills to treat rare diseases such as maple diabetes (MSUD), a rare genetic metabolic disease. In addition, the use of 3D volume printing “marks an important step in the pharmaceutical field, as this technology has never been used to test printing drugs,” said Lucía Rodríguez Pombo in his article. The doctoral thesis reveals that 3D volume printing makes it possible to produce high quality personalized drugs in a few seconds.

1739316224 983 Personalized medicine using 3D printing and semi solid

Semi-solid extrusion has been used to print various forms of drugs, including certain gelatin or chocolate drugs.

In addition to focusing on personalization, the study also representsImportant advances in the supervision of 3D printing and clinical implementation. With technologies such as semi-solid extrusion and 3D volume printing, it can inaugurate a new era of more effective drugs. These innovations not only help optimize the use of resources, but also promote therapeutic membership by creating more attractive and practical drugs, especially for pediatric patients.

The document also discusses the regulatory impact and the opportunities of these technologies in the clinical integration of hospitals with a view to obtaining a broader application in the field of health care.


Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

A 10 -meter -long ship, fully printed in 3D

A 10 -meter -long ship, fully printed in 3D

Great Light CNC Machining Services 11/02/2025 10:22

Today, we will take you by boat, but it is not an ordinary boat! In fact, it is a ship entirely held by a company in Dubai3D printed ship. Thanks to 3D technology, it can considerably reduce manufacturing time and thus improve productivity. In addition, the structure is made of recycled plastic. In this 3DEXPRESS, you will also be on the plane: a Polish airline has in fact chosen additive manufacturing to design the new armrests of its Boeing 737 seats.

Dubai3D print boat

As you probably know, the city of Dubai is planning to use additive manufacturing to build its infrastructure. This use also seems to extend to transport, more specifically the ship. Actually,3D underventive has just launched the first 3D printed ship in the city. It is called Cyberfinau, 10 meters long, 2.1 meters wide and 2.7 meters high, and is in recycled marine litter. Depending on the company, it took 6 days and 9 hours to manufacture the product (and traditional methods took 3 to 4 months). It can accommodate 10 people. The inventory 3D intends to accelerate the production of these ships – it can print 3D from 6 to 7 structures per month.

Boeing3D printed workforce from 737

Polish Airlines is a national airline in Poland, with theft destinations distributed in many places in the world. In its fleet, there are several Boeing737. If we are going to tell you about it today, it is because the economy class seats are now delivered with current hands printed in 3D. The airline has received 1,200 handrails in particular. Previously, they were made using more traditional methods, and their assembly steps affected the lifespan of the current hand. Its characteristic is that the hood is mounted on the frame molded by injection. But the cover often detaches from the frame, causing frequent ruptures. To solve this problem, Lot collaborated with Am Craft, which uses FDM technology and the ULTEM 9085 filament. The handrail has been completely redesigned to avoid these assembly steps and the risks mentioned above. The final handrail is not only more sustainable, but also faster to acquire, and airlines also eliminate the hassle of spare parts and storage.

A 10 meter long ship fully printed in 3D

Original Handreil;3D printed part; Two handrails printed 3D (image source: AM Craft)

Saeki’s major investment

Swiss manufacturerSaeki is a manufacturer of large manufacturing machines that rely on 3D printing, CNC machining and automation, in particular in quality control. The company announced this week that it would invest $ 6.7 million to continue its growth. She also took the opportunity to present her new instant quote solution, highlighting the idea that all manufacturing stages must be as automated as possible. Andrea PerinSinotto, co-founder and CEO of Saeki, concluded: “The automation of the entire process of quotation to the final inspection will make it possible to produce advanced conceptions on a scale. Manufacturing with CNC machining and quality insurance provides the industry with innovative tools without restriction. . “”

1739312569 906 A 10 meter long ship fully printed in 3D

Saeki’s machine (photo provided by: Saeki)

Made of kombucha3D printed biooink

National University of Sciences and Technologies of Seoul (A team of Researchers from Seoultech has developed an innovative biose based on nanocellulose extracted from Kombucha Scoby. This biomaterial acts as a support structure for cell growth and can be applied directly to damaged tissues using a digital biopen. By modifying the structure of the material and combining it with nanoparticles of chitosan and kaolin to improve its stability, which makes it suitable for 3D biopritis. Using a digital biopen, researchers can print high -resolution multilayer structures and directly treat complex wounds and deformations. This technology represents an important advance in the field of regenerative medicine because it can immediately repair tissues without the need for extracorporeal processes, which facilitates use in emergency and first aid situations.

1739312569 475 A 10 meter long ship fully printed in 3D

Photo source:Seoultech

Q.BIG 3D has filed a record and seeks investors

With large format innovationThe 3D printing technology, the startup Q.big 3D has become one of the most promising startups in the 3D printing field in Germany. The situation went now and Bucknan’s young business has filed for bankruptcy. The reason is the difficulties of cash, because Q.BIG invested a lot of money last year, paving the way to the internationalization of the company. This objective is maintained and must succeed with the help of new investors. Pluta Rechtsanwalts-GmbH appointed a receiver to support the restructuring of Q.BIG 3D. “Commercial operations are continuing and we are now looking for investors for this innovative business,” said Bananyarli’s lawyer. The salary of these twenty employees will be guaranteed for the next three months.

1739312569 12 A 10 meter long ship fully printed in 3D

Dennis Herman, founder of Q.BIG 3D (Photo source: Q.BIG 3D)

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

About the transparency of 3D printing

About the transparency of 3D printing

Great Light CNC Machining Services 11/02/2025 09:21

Transparency is not only aesthetics in the production of parts, but also necessary in certain cases.3D printing and flexibility in design, materials and process allow you to create parts with transparent effects. However, this task can be difficult because the fundamental principle of technology, the superposition of layers, creates spaces that light cannot pass, allowing debris to obtain a translucent effect. Glass is the material of choice to make transparent parts and becomes a viable solution for 3D printing. However, some plastics can reach a transparent effect. We will focus on this last material.

Before diving into details, it is important to distinguish between transparent and translucent effects. A transparent room allows more light to pass without obvious distoming, allowing you to see easily through the room. The translucent fragments allow the light to pass, but they will disperse, that is to say that we can recognize the forms, but the image you see through the fragments is not completely clear. In order to pass3D printing reaches different degrees of clarity, and we will analyze two technologies compatible with transparent plastic materials, the factors that must be taken into account for each technology and related applications.

Technology to create transparency

Resin -based process

When you think about transparencyWhen 3D’s printing, the first thing that comes to mind is to use a resin -based process. Photopolymerization (SLA, DLP) is one of the ideal techniques for obtaining high transparency and high quality parts because the surface obtained is smooth and allows more light to pass. There are different transparent resins on the market, and their characteristics are suitable for different transparent optical applications. Formlabs Clear Resin for SLA printers, for example, is a resin that allows you to obtain parts close to the transparency of the glass with fine details without long follow -up.

In addition to these processes according to the use of heat sources and storage tanks, we can also add material jets. This technology specifically allows the use of several resins and combinations of different materials simultaneously. This allows the machine to be loaded with transparent resin and multiple transparency can be obtained on the same component. In addition, material sprays have excellent resolution and very smooth surfaces, which will improve the aesthetics of the parts.

About the transparency of 3D printing

transparent3D printing is useful for studying microfluidic technology (image source: Formlabs)

However, the components of the resin have a common disadvantage of becoming yellow over time or to lose transparency after rinsing and drying. To avoid this, it is often necessary to apply the coating, polish and sand parts to make the surface as smooth as possible. In general, the combination of these technologies helps to improve transparency and brilliant.

Extrusion of materials

Cast iron deposit compared to the resin process(FDM / FFF) is a more economical and widely used technology, but performs less transparency. In fact, the deposit of the material in the continuous layer will disperse the light. In this case, the fragments obtained are quite translucent and opaque. Proofinent materials for transparent 3D printing using an FDM printer are PLA, polycarbonate and petg. Among these materials, PETG is best suited to transparent 3D printing due to its molecular structure which has a good transmittance of light.

To useFDM technology prints parts with transparent effects and requires that certain key parameters be taken into account. First, by reducing the height of the layer from 0.1 to 0.2, the visible lines can be minimized, resulting in a smoother and more uniform surface and can be polished with a transparent effect. It is also important to maintain the material that flows continuously to avoid bubbles and imperfections and print at a lower speed. The last aspect to consider is the filling of the parts. By choosing the least or no filling structure, the light can better pass through the components and obtain a more transparent effect. However, as mentioned above, the main limitation of the FDM in the printing of transparent components is the difficulty of completely withdrawing the lines in layers, even after a lot of post-processing, such as sanding and coating.

1739308906 268 About the transparency of 3D printing

to useTransparent parts printed by PETG (image source: CNCKITCHEN)

transparent3D printing application

Transparent or translucent3D printed parts are appreciated not only for their aesthetics but also for their functionality. One of the most innovative uses is to develop prototypes that can observe the internal functioning of the mechanism so that the interaction between parts or mobile fluids is clearly visible. This feature is also particularly useful in microfluidic equipment and designs of the optical system. For example, the LED lamp housing and the light guide plate, its transparency facilitates the control of the passage of light. The most common use of transparent 3D printing is to decorate the elements. In fact, 3D printing of translucent or transparent components allows designers to create unique works with a surface or an effect similar to the glass.

1739308907 537 About the transparency of 3D printing

WithCamera with 3D printed lens (image source: Formlabs)

Transparency of 3D printing is also highly sought after in the medical field, in particular to make surgical models as realistic as possible. In fact, health professionals can see the patient’s precise anatomy in this way, such as seeing all blood vessels in an organ. They can better understand the potential risks during surgery and be more prepared. It is also a way to reassure the patient: by showing the patient a transparent anatomical model, he can better understand the internal dynamics of the body.

Consequently, transparent3D printing offers interesting possibilities for the design and manufacture of high optical clarity parts. The choice of technology and materials depends on the relevant project. In addition to these factors, the use of specific installation and post-processing techniques will also determine the transparency effect to a large extent.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

3D printed bone implants for the treatment of infant tumors

3D printed bone implants for the treatment of infant tumors

Great Light CNC Machining Services 11/02/2025 08:20

Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor with two to three new cases per million inhabitants each year. It is the most common bone cancer.50% of cases occur in children and adolescents. Treatment involves surgical elimination of the tumor, followed by reconstruction, generally establishing the tumor stent. The type of implant depends on the location of the tumor and the characteristics of the patient. However, traditional implants slow down the growth of children’s bones. For example, when fixing a member with a rigid implant, this can cause asymmetrical development, causing an arm or a leg shorter than the other. Additive manufacturing now provides innovative solutions to this problem.

Florida International UniversityProfessor Anamika Prasad has adopted a new approach to develop a 3D stent implant made of materials approved by the FDA. But how do these implants work and what do they use? They act as temporary structures, similar to the scaffolding used in buildings. Their role is to support bone cells and guide them to move along the implant, thus promoting the formation of new cells. This allows bones to regenerate naturally without hindering.

3D printed bone implants for the treatment of infant tumors

Osteosarcoma generally affects long bones, such as femur, tibia and humerus.

Anamika Prasad uses her expertise in materials science and civil engineering to carry out the project. She also received support from Dr. Juan Prettell, director of musculoskeletal cancer surgery at the Baptist Health Center. Funded by Casey Desantis Florida Cancer Innovation Fund and Florida Department of Health, the project considerably facilitates the development of personalized implants for patients.

The first step in the manufacture of the implant is to use image data to design digital models that correspond to the patient’s anatomy. The goal is toThe combination of 3D printing will put personalized implants available for future treatments. Researchers are currently working to reduce costs and increase accessibility for the benefit of more patients. Professor Anamika Prasad expressed his ambition: “My dream is to change the treatment of osteosarcoma in children and hope to see more engineers work with doctors in hospital to design effective and affordable solutions for patients.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Mohou Net CNC Nylon Material Pa6

Great Light CNC Machining Services 11/02/2025 05:17

Demon monkey networkCNC Nylon PA6 Introduction of the material:

nylon6, also known as PA6, polyamide6 and nylon6, is a polymer compound. Good resistance to aging, good amortization capacity of mechanical vibrations, good sliding properties, excellent wear resistance, good mechanical treatment performance, when used for precise and efficient control, no peristalism, good resistance to wear, good dimensional stability.

Features:

1. High mechanical resistance, good tenacity and resistance to high tensile and compression. The specific traction resistance is higher than that of metal, and the specific compression resistance is comparable to that of metal, but its rigidity is not as rigid as that of metal. Traction resistance is close to the elasticity limit, more than twice higher than ABS. It has a strong absorption capacity for impact and constraint vibrations, and its resistance to impact is much higher than that of ordinary plastics and is better than acetal resin.

2. Resistance to fatigue is exceptional and the parts can always maintain the original mechanical resistance after a repeated inflection. The AP is often used in the handrails of common escalator and the new plastic rims by bicycle, where the periodic effects of fatigue are very obvious.

3. High softening point and heat resistance (such as nylon 46, etc., the thermal deformation temperature of high crystalline nylon is high and can be used for a long period at 150 degrees. Once the PA66 has reinforced by Fiber of glass, its thermal deformation The temperature reaches more than 250 degrees).

4. The surface is smooth, the friction coefficient is small and it is wear resistant. When used as a mobile mechanical component, it has lubricity and low noise. , oil, fat, etc. can be selected. Therefore, as a transmission component, it has a long lifespan.

5. Corrosion resistant, very resistant to alkaline and most salts, also resistant to low acids, engine oil, petrol, aromatic compounds and general solvents, and is inert to aromatic compounds, But not with strong acids and oxidants. It can withstand the erosion of gasoline, oil, fat, alcohol, weak stem, etc. And has a good anti-aging capacity. Can be used as packaging material for lubrication oil, fuel, etc.

6. It has resistance to self-extinction, non-toxic, odorless, good weather, is inert to organic erosion and has good antibacterial and mildew resistance.

7. Have excellent electrical properties. It has good electrical insulation, nylon has resistance to high volume and high degradation voltage.

8. The parts are light, easy to dye and easy to form. It can flow quickly due to its low viscosity to melting. It is easy to fill the mold, the freezing point after filling the mold is high, and it can be fast, so the molding cycle is short and the production efficiency is high.

Main uses:

The manufacture of gears and parts of anti-corrosion equipment are seriously manufactured in gears and parts. Parts resistant to wear, transmission structure parts, parts of the domestic apparatus, automobile manufacturing parts, preventive mechanical parts, chemical machine parts, chemical equipment, etc. 。

nylonPA6 performance:

density:1.13 g / cm3

Melting point:215 ℃

Thermal decomposition temperature:> 300 ℃

Balance water absorption rate:3．5%

It has good wear resistance, self-lubricity and solvent resistance.

dense Degree:(g / cm3) 1.14-1.15

melt indicate:215-225 ℃

Traction resistance:> 60．0MPA

stretchable long Rate:> 30%

Bending force: 90.0mpa

Impact intensity of the notch:(KJ / M2)> 5

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Copper laser melting: density challenges overcome by AFU

Copper laser melting: density challenges overcome by AFU

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/01/2025 08:49

AFU, a French company specializing in machining, has been investing in metal 3D printing since 2014 to expand its capabilities and produce more complex parts. Now equipped with 3 machines, he worked for two years on the parameterization of copper, in particular the copper-chrome-zirconium alloy (CuCrZr). The objective is to be able to 3D print copper parts of excellent density on a standard machine equipped with a 400W infrared laser, while retaining its inherent properties. Since the summer of 2024, it has been able to manufacture dense parts (>99.5%) with a layer thickness of 40 microns, a first in France, and is therefore able to meet this challenge.

AFU, headquartered in Saint-Malo, has been supporting industrial clients for many years in the implementation of projects in different sectors. In 2014, the company turned to metal additive manufacturing, particularly laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF/SLM), to deliver more complex custom parts and even prototypes in one go. The company offers a variety of metals, including copper, known for its thermal and electrical properties. However, these are also the reasons why powdered copper is more difficult to print than other metals like titanium, aluminum or steel.

Copper laser melting density challenges overcome by AFU

3D printed CuCrZr inductor

Copper in additive manufacturing

In recent years, the additive manufacturing market has seen numerous developments around copper, a metal particularly appreciated for its conductivity, ductility, resistance to wear and even corrosion. It is therefore perfectly suited to applications such as aerospace and electronics, the manufacture of heat exchangers or inductors. However, copper is not an easy metal to print, especially when using machines that use infrared lasers, as is the case with most laser fusion solutions.

This is because the copper dissipates part of the laser energy, leading to significant power loss and therefore less than optimal fusion. The power used isWith 200W or 400W infrared lasers (equivalent to most metal solutions on the market), fusion is incomplete, leading to fragile zones, too high porosity and too low conductivity. Concretely, you must use 100% of the laser power to obtain satisfactory results and good density. However, 60% of the energy transmitted to the material is lost (dissipated by the powder or reflected during the melting process). We therefore knew that by using a laser of this power, without specialized development, we would not be able to compensate for the losses and that the parts obtained would be porous.

1737492573 467 Copper laser melting density challenges overcome by AFU

CuCrZr 3D printed hollow ball

How to overcome this challenge?

The first solution is to use a laser with a more powerful laser, e.g.1kW). They exist on the market but are very expensive and require additional investments in infrastructure to accommodate them.

Another option is to choose a green laser, which has higher copper absorption than infrared lasers. As a result, the parts obtained have better properties and the settings are easier to determine. However, machines equipped with such lasers remain rare, expensive and often limited in printing volume.

Finally, some market participants are looking at the composition of the copper itself. Energy absorption can be improved by coating copper particles such as graphene. However, this changes the thermal and electrical properties of the metal, which can pose a problem in producing the required parts.

Therefore, useThe potential of a 400W laser machine to overcome the challenges of copper printing appears limited. Faced with this observation, AFU conducted two years of research to find the ideal parameters for using the CuCrZr alloy on the EOS M290 400W 3D printer.

1737492574 798 Copper laser melting density challenges overcome by AFU

3D Printed CuCrZr Cooler

AFU copper plate printing

existAfter investing in a new EOS M290 400W metal machine in 2021, AFU started testing with pure copper. If the demonstration part produced is satisfactory, with good surface finish and good dimensional accuracy, the part with integrated pipework will not give the same results. In fact, the metallographic examination shows all the limitations mentioned above. It was found that the porosity was too high to allow the parts to be sealed. Will it finally be possible to print high-performance copper with an infrared laser on a 400W machine?

SO,AFU began testing the 1 kW machine and characterizing several parts made from the 40 μm CuCp (commercially pure copper) standard. The density is better and the results are satisfactory. However, the cost of investing in such a solution was too high for the French company. She then asked questions about the settings of her current machine and began working on finding the right balance between the different settings.

Four factors directly affect copper melting in additive manufacturing: layer thickness, laser scanning speed, laser power, and distance between vectors. With other metals (eg.Compared to TA6V titanium or AlSi10Mg), the balance between these four parameters is more difficult to find.

Afterwards,AFU has conducted multiple studies on the particle size of the powder used, its chemical composition, the behavior of the material during laser melting and powder suppliers for additive manufacturing. Many tests are carried out according to very precise control requirements in the laboratory (apparent density and filling density of the powder, chemical composition of the powder, particle size of the powder, chemical composition of the parts, traction and electrical conductivity control). Two build layer thicknesses – 20 microns and 40 microns – were tested by two different powder suppliers.

After several printings,AFU obtained the expected results on its 400W machine. She explains: “We are capable of producing waterproof parts using a stable and repeatable process with metallurgical properties comparable to CuCrZr in rods, plates, wires etc. We are the only company in France to do this on standard machines in dimensions of 40µm Co. For example, CuCrZr is available exclusively on the EOS M400 1kW.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

3D printing advances in early detection of milk fever

3D printing advances in early detection of milk fever

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/01/2025 07:48

Milk fever, also known as milk fever, is a common metabolic disease that poses serious health and economic problems to agriculture. According to a study, it mainly affects lactating dairy cows, and recently50% of adult dairy cows and 25% of first-time heifers are affected. The disease is characterized by a drop in blood calcium levels and changes in important functions such as muscle and nerve activity. In addition to endangering animal health, milk fever significantly reduces milk production and causes economic losses of up to $290 per cow, or about $8,000 for a 100-cow farm.

Until now, the diagnosis of milk fever represented a challenge for breeders, with typical symptoms often difficult to recognize. However, that may soon change, thanks to the efforts of a team of scientists at Virginia Tech. The latter used additive manufacturing technology to develop a sensor capable of detecting milk fever in just ten seconds, providing a sustainable solution for agriculture and animal health.

The sensor is designed to measure calcium and phosphate concentrations in milk samples. he uses resinMade using 3D printing technology, chosen for its flexibility and affordability. The production process relies on layer-by-layer printing, followed by UV drying to create microstructures on the surface. Then the gold coating is applied by evaporation using an electron beam. The microscopic corrugated surface ensures high sensitivity, while the sensor structure integrates three electrodes, two of which serve as working electrodes.

3D printing advances in early detection of milk fever

The electrodes are covered with ion-selective membranes specifically for calcium and phosphate. The sensor must be capable of detecting ion concentrations in the attomole range, i.e. calcium ion concentrations are138 hours. This can help identify mild symptoms of milk fever before more serious symptoms develop.

3D printed sensors can be easily integrated into milking systems and can quickly and accurately analyze calcium and phosphate levels in milk samples for early detection of milk fever (Photo credit: School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA).

Unlike traditional diagnostic solutions that are often expensive and complex to use,3D printed sensors offer many advantages, including low cost. The sensor can be manufactured in just two hours with minimal resources and requires no expertise to use.

It also makes it possible to monitor the health of cows, allowing rapid and accurate diagnosis on site, thus helping to promote sustainable agriculture. In addition, financial losses can be minimized and the sensor also offers expanded possibilities, such as measuring different biomarkers in milk samples to detect other animal diseases.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Z-Suite, the free slicer for Zortrax

Z-Suite, the free slicer for Zortrax

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/01/2025 06:46

existIn the world of 3D printing, the quality of the final product does not only depend on the materials used; the software used to prepare the files is equally important. This is why we invite you to discover Z-Suite, the slicer developed by Zortrax. Z-Suite is intuitive and powerful software that acts as a bridge between design and 3D printing. Although primarily designed for use with Zortrax printers, this slicer is still compatible with other extrusion or resin printers.

Z-Suite was launched in October 2021 and has received around seven updates since then. Most of the improvements to Zortrax are the result of ongoing user feedback following the BETA release of the software. In addition to being a free download, one of the main features of Z-Suite is its dual functionality as a laminator and print management platform. This software is particularly useful because it allows you to connect multiple printers via a Wi-Fi network, thus optimizing their efficiency. But what about the technical side? What are the main features of this slicer? How is it different from other slicers? We will do our best to provide answers to these questions.

Z Suite the free slicer for

Main features of Z-Suite

As mentioned previously,Z-Suite is an intuitive interface that allows users to easily configure their models. Although the software is technically powerful, it is designed to be easily accessible to beginners in 3D printing. One of its most notable features is the ability to automatically generate support structures. These supports can also be adjusted manually, allowing greater control over the printing process and helping to avoid common problems such as excess material or lack of support in important areas.

if3D models have defects, such as small holes or irregular surfaces, and Z-Suite can help you correct them. In fact, the software has the ability to automatically repair damaged meshes. Additionally, the layer-by-layer preview feature allows detailed analysis of the model before printing. Not only does this help you spot potential errors, but you can also make adjustments to optimize material usage and printing time.

1737485168 643 Z Suite the free slicer for

Z-Suite supports .stl, .obj, .dxf and .3mf file formats.

Other Z-Suite features include cutting models on specific planes to split or remove them, detecting thin walls before printing, the ability to copy code from cut models, and a variety of template structures. filling ranging from low density to solid. The software is fully compatible with Zortrax materials such as Z-ABS, Z-ULTRAT and Z-HIPS. However, Z-Suite also supports third-party printer-compatible materials, providing greater flexibility for custom projects. Finally, Z-Suite is compatible with all major 3D modeling software and supports .stl, .obj, .dxf and .3mf file formats.

Learn more aboutMore information about Z-Suite slicers

Zortrax provides regular updates to Z-Suite, ensuring users have access to the latest tools and enhancements. These updates are developed based on user feedback from the BETA version. By downloading this version, users have the opportunity to test the new features before the official release, but also to share their opinions and participate in the development of the software.

Z-Suite is a slicer designed to optimize the performance of Zortrax printers as well as third-party printers. Aimed at both beginners and professionals, the software provides the flexibility to meet a wide range of needs. Its ability to optimize models and ease of use make it ideal for projects in education, industry and the creative sector.

In summary,Z-Suite is not limited to slicers; it is also a tool that simplifies the 3D printing process. With its intuitive interface and advanced technical features, the software allows users to implement their ideas precisely and efficiently. For those looking for complete control and reliable results, Z-Suite is a compelling choice in the world of 3D printing.

1737485168 677 Z Suite the free slicer for

The Z-Suite beta allows users to test new features before they are released.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

3D printing leads to lighter antennas: the way of the future?

3D printing leads to lighter antennas: the way of the future?

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/01/2025 05:45

As our communications become wireless, the Internet explodes, and aerospace applications multiply, the need for efficient, lightweight antennas becomes urgent.5G and 6G accelerate this process, and industry players must find solutions to produce faster and better while reducing costs. Faced with these challenges, additive manufacturing, through its flexibility and its producible geometries, can provide answers. At least that’s what a research team led by Rayne Zheng, associate professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Berkeley, is doing. They have developed an additive manufacturing platform capable of designing complex antennas as quickly as possible.

A recent study published by Mordor Intelligence shows that the antenna market is expected to reach $34.24 billion by 2029, growing at an annual rate of 7.8% during the analysis period (2024-2029). We know there are more of them because they are necessary for communication. These components are found in virtually all radio devices capable of transmitting and receiving energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. We are talking here about the Internet of Things, 5G and 6G, certain satellite communications, etc. These components must be as small and light as possible while remaining efficient and fast. Most often, they are manufactured by machining, but 3D technology is gaining ground, in particular thanks to the integration of lattice structures making it possible to considerably reduce the final weight of the antenna.

3D printing leads to lighter antennas the way of the

With three layers of interpenetrationPhase gradient emission grating made of S-ring and dielectric material (Photo credit: X.Cheng)

antenna and3D printing

The use of additive manufacturing to produce antennas has certain limitations. The processes that currently exist on the market do not allow the mixing of certain materials– You generally have to choose between an all-dielectric or all-metal antenna. Some applications cannot therefore be executed. Where they can be mixed, they must go through very tedious post-processing steps or journeys through tools and substrates, making it difficult to fully utilize additive manufacturing. Overall, current solutions are not enough.

So, faced with this observation, Zheng and his team developed a new3D printing platform. “We use multi-material programmed 3D printing as a versatile, versatile platform for the rapid production of almost any type of 3D antenna system,” he explains. What do they actually do? This is called charge-programmed deposition (CPD), and it is a process that controls the polarity of charges through multi-material printing of photomonomers. The team used stereolithography to deposit photopolymers in different locations, forming a sort of 3D mosaic. These photopolymers will attract the metal ions deposited on the 3D structure by metal plating in a second step. This allows control over the final antenna design.

The team added:“CPD can realize virtually any complex 3D structure, including complex lattices, and has demonstrated nearly complete conductivity from copper deposition, as well as magnetic materials, semiconductors, nanomaterials and combinations of the latter. She plans to make a complex antenna.” but wants to go further, with the aim of making the manufacturing process faster and simpler.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Scientists use 3D printing to study the spread of cancer cells

Scientists use 3D printing to study the spread of cancer cells

Great Light CNC Machining Services 14/01/2025 02:54

Testing on animals for medical purposes raises many questions, particularly on an ethical level. In France it is a regulated practice and the figures decrease from year to year— In 2022, just over 1.8 million animals will be used, a decrease of 4% compared to 2021. One of the reasons for this decline could be due to the frequent use of additive manufacturing. Either way, that’s what a team of scientists from the Henry Rice Institute is trying to do. They use 3D printed bone structures to study different forms of cancer. The objective is to observe how cancer cells evolve in an environment similar to bone tissue. This means that animal testing is significantly reduced and researchers can speed up and increase the number of tests. A democratizing approach?

This is obviously not the first time that we have addressed this subject, in the medical field,3D technology is often used to carry out tests and better understand certain pathologies. They allow custom structures to be created from different materials, making it easier to grow a variety of cells. Furthermore, these projects were designed according to local needs and conditions, presumably within a very short time frame. We clearly understand the advantages of additive manufacturing in these situations: the work of the Henry Rice Institute is another example.

07897530636826541

3D printed bone structure (Photo credit: Fatih Eroglu)

More specifically, the team is working on3D printed bone structure which will serve as a “house” for cancer cells, particularly those of the breast. The objective is to study how they spread in organizations. To do this, they use two materials: PLGA and HA-PLGA. The first is a biodegradable polymer which forms the basis of the bone model. As for the second, it is a mixture of PLGA and hydroxyapatite, naturally present in bones. This makes the model more realistic and creates an environment closer to natural bone tissue.

The preferred technology for this work is molten material deposition, which allows the team to significantly reduce costs. According to her,The 3D printer costs less than 1,000 euros, whereas if she had chosen a 3D bioprinter, it would have cost her thousands of euros. In fact, they are 3D printed scaffolds used to facilitate cell culture to understand the proliferation of cancer cells. Specifically, the researchers placed inside stem cells called mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, which can transform into any cell they want. One of the scientists, Fatih Eroglu, added: “It’s like giving these cells the perfect environment to become what we want them to be. Our preliminary results show that not only are these cells able to survive, but they also create a true skeletal environment. , we can use it to study cancer metastasis.

The first test gave positive results. In fact, the cells successfully attached to the scaffold, grew and multiplied. Their conversion into bone cells allows scientists to study how cancer cells interact with bone tissue. Alternatives to animal testing that are intended to be more ethical.

Fatih Eroglu concluded: “We’re not just building scaffolds, we’re creating new ways to study diseases and test treatments, reducing animal testing while accelerating research progress. »

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

The main differences between ABS and PC filaments for 3D printing

The main differences between ABS and PC filaments for 3D printing

Great Light CNC Machining Services 14/01/2025 01:53

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene(ABS) and polycarbonate (PC) are two strong filaments used in technical and industrial 3D printing. Known for their strength, durability and heat resistance, these materials are favored for high-performance applications such as mechanical parts, test models, prototypes and even lighting equipment.

However,ABS and PC can exhibit printing issues including bed sticking, warping and layer delamination. To address these issues, many manufacturers recommend using adhesives on the print bed, using an enclosed printer, and as some manufacturers recommend, using a temperature-controlled printing environment to ensure the best results. results.

althoughABS and PC are similar, but they have different characteristics. ABS is popular for its impact resistance and affordability, while PC offers superior strength and transparency.

In this article we will studyA comparison of ABS and PC filaments, focusing on their characteristics, advantages and limitations to guide everyone in choosing the best material for a specific 3D printing project.

1. Overview

The main differences between ABS and PC filaments for 3D

2. Material characteristics

1736862805 430 The main differences between ABS and PC filaments for 3D

ABS can be an excellent material for making gears (Source: All3DP)

After looking at general print settings, we will exploreKey features of ABS and PC wire to help you choose the best option for your project. We will compare their strengths, including tensile strength and impact resistance, as well as their performance under thermal stress, such as thermal deformation and glass transition point. We will also look at hygroscopic, addressing moisture absorption and its effects, as well as recyclability, with an emphasis on environmental considerations. This information, which in most cases comes from the manufacturer’s data sheet, will clarify the characteristics and ideal applications of each wire.

1. Strength

Impact resistance reflects a material’s ability to absorb energy from sudden forces, helping to prevent cracking or breakage in applications exposed to impact.

althoughPC is known for its impact resistance, but the UltiMaker and Polymaker datasheets (for PolyLite ABS and PolyMax PC, UltiMaker S-Series ABS and PC) show that ABS has a slight advantage in impact resistance. PolyMax PC has a slight advantage over PolyLite ABS, as the former belongs to a unique family of materials offering higher impact resistance. However, when comparing PolyLite PC to PolyLite ABS, the traditional hierarchy still holds.

This characteristic makesABS is suitable for applications where resistance to sudden impacts is required, although PC remains a good choice.

2、Temperature resistance

1736862806 980 The main differences between ABS and PC filaments for 3D

A PC can produce impressive results (Source: RoboErectus via Reddit)

thermal deformation temperature(HDT) is a key measure of a material’s ability to resist deformation when subjected to a specific load at elevated temperatures. UltiMaker S Series material data shows that ABS has a thermal resistance of 87°C, making it suitable for medium temperature applications. PC outperforms ABS in this regard, with a thermal resistance of 111°C, making it ideal for use in parts with higher thermal stresses, such as production lines or high temperature environments .

glass transition temperature(Tg) represents the point at which a material changes from a stiff, glassy state to a softer, more flexible state. The previously mentioned datasheet states that ABS has a Tg of 100.5°C, which is slightly lower than PC’s Tg of 107.7°C. Although the difference in Tg is small, the higher threshold of PC improves its superior performance in high temperature scenarios.

The overall high temperature resistance of PC is better than that of ABS. Its higher HDT and Tg values ​​make it a more reliable choice for applications requiring thermal stability and resistance to thermal distortion. Although ABS can withstand moderate heat, it is not suitable for high temperature environments.

3、Hygroscopic

1736862807 589 The main differences between ABS and PC filaments for 3D

You want to make sure the printout doesn’t look like this (source:All 3DP）

Hygroscopic refers to a material’s ability to absorb moisture from the environment, which can significantly affect3D printing quality and performance. Hygroscopic affects extrusion consistency, layer adhesion and overall surface finish. Proper storage of hygroscopic filaments is therefore essential.

ABS is moderately hygroscopic, so storage is not too difficult. Standard measures such as placing it in a sealed bag or container with a desiccant are usually enough to maintain its print quality over the long term.

on the other hand,PC is very hygroscopic and should be handled with care. It should be stored in a sealed container with a desiccant to prevent absorption of moisture. If exposed to moisture, the filament should be dried according to the manufacturer’s instructions to restore optimal printing performance and avoid defects such as blistering or poor interlayer adhesion.

4、food safety

1736862808 739 The main differences between ABS and PC filaments for 3D

Maybe we can do without itABS or PC to make cookie molds (Source: KingCharles via Printables)

modeling of molten deposits(FDM) 3D printing is generally not considered food safe because printer components can cause contamination, the porosity of printed parts can harbor bacteria, and hygienic surfaces can be difficult to obtain .

especiallyABS is generally not suitable for food due to the release of toxic gases during the printing process and the potential for leaching of harmful chemicals. There are exceptions, however, such as certified food-safe options offered by brands like TreeD.

Likewise, even ifPC is valued for its strength and impact resistance, but food variants are rare or unavailable, making it unsuitable for direct contact with food. Regardless of the material used, achieving true food safety with FDM printing requires post-processing and coatings to effectively seal the surface.

5、recycling

1736862809 758 The main differences between ABS and PC filaments for 3D

Learn how to handle materials correctly (source:BCDesign3D via printables）

ABS and PC are recyclable materials classified Resin Identification Code (RIC) 7 – Other, meaning they can be recycled in specialist facilities.

ABS can be made into new products, but it can be difficult to find suitable recycling centers in some areas. Similarly, PC recycling requires their shredding and reprocessing into new forms, but also requires specialized facilities for proper processing. Despite their recyclability, ensuring access to suitable recycling infrastructure remains a challenge for both materials.

three,3DPrint

1736862812 933 The main differences between ABS and PC filaments for 3D

A well-known property of ABS is the softness of acetone (Source: SaschaUncia via Printables)

AlthoughABS and PC aren’t the most difficult materials to 3D print, but making quality parts with them requires specific procedures that streamline the process. Each manufacturer will provide specific instructions for their recipes, but we’ve prepared a general list of setup and tips to guide you through your first try.

1、Nozzle temperature

ABS prints best at temperatures of 220 to 270°C, while PC requires a higher temperature range (250 to 280°C) for optimal extrusion and bonding. As for the nozzle material, any material will do, including regular brass nozzles. Keep in mind that this won’t work with composites, as mixing with materials like carbon fiber requires higher printing temperatures or is more abrasive.

2、heated bed

ForThe ABS heated bed should be kept between 90-110°C to reduce warping. PC requires a similar range of 90-105°C for stable adhesion and layer alignment.

3、Membership

Depending on the type of heated bed surface you are using (e.g. glass surface), you will need to use an adhesive such asMagigoo or similar) to help the ABS or PC stick to it. Other surfaces, such as textured PEI sheets, will hold the print in place if properly cleaned and the chamber is heated to the optimal temperature.

4、shell

1736862813 712 The main differences between ABS and PC filaments for 3D

Enclosed printers (such asThe X1C from Bambu Lab) is ideal (Source: All3DP)

to useAn enclosure is very useful when printing in ABS because it helps prevent warping caused by temperature fluctuations. For PCs, enclosure is essential to prevent delamination and ensure consistent results, especially with large prints. That said, make sure the printer’s electronic components are exposed to cooling or placed outside the enclosure to avoid damage to the hardware.

It is also recommended to warm up the room temperature before starting to print.– Especially for PC.

5、cool

The ABS and PC cooling fans should be turned off. This minimizes uneven cooling that could otherwise lead to problems such as delamination or cracking. However, if you are using higher chamber temperatures (e.g. 50-60°C), room cooling fans (at around 40% speed) can help with parts like decks that might otherwise collapse. sag or print with defects.

6、post-processing

ABS can be smoothed with acetone vapor to produce a glossy surface while increasing the strength of the parts. For PC, the post-processing method depends on the application. Although acetone is compatible with PC, steam straightening pieces made from this material are not common. Some sources claim that methylene chloride is more effective for this, but be aware that it is more toxic than acetone.

Grinding and polishing is a refinementCommon method for PC prints, many recommend annealing for best mechanical results.

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New multi-material metal 3D printing technology for lightweight and durable automotive parts

New multi-material metal 3D printing technology for lightweight and durable automotive parts

Great Light CNC Machining Services 14/01/2025 00:49

Lightweighting, or the concept that lighter cars can improve fuel efficiency, battery life, acceleration, braking and handling, is one of the biggest trends in automotive technology today. automobile manufacturing. But challenges remain, particularly when it comes to combining materials to take advantage of their different properties, such as the strength of steel and the lightness of aluminum. Researchers at Tohoku University’s Materials Institute and New Industry Incubation Center work on new multi-material metalsA major breakthrough has been made in 3D printing technology, which can be used to create lightweight and durable automotive parts.

Additive manufacturing is becoming very popular in the automotive industry. In a press release from Northeastern University, it was highlightedThe precision of 3D printing as a method of producing unique and highly customizable shapes. However, the materials used often have drawbacks, hence the interest in multi-material 3D printing. But this is not absolutely true.

New multi material metal 3D printing technology for lightweight and durable

Interface strength of steel and aluminum alloy melted multi-materials at different scanning speeds using laser melting (Photo source:Kenta Yamanaka, etc.)

“Multimaterials are a hot topic in additive manufacturing due to the flexibility of the process,” explains Associate Professor Kenta Yamanaka. However, a major challenge in practical implementation is that for certain combinations of metals, such as steel and aluminum, brittle intermetallic compounds can form at the interface of different metals. So even though the material is now lighter, it ends up being more fragile.

The research team specifically targeted laser powder bed fusion, one of the leading computer-aided manufacturing processes in the automotive sector, seeking to produce a steel and aluminum alloy that is both lightweight and sustainable. They found that increasing the scanning speed of the laser could significantly suppress the formation of fragile intermetallic compounds (CitationExamples of Al5Fe2 and Al13Fe4).

1736858989 355 New multi material metal 3D printing technology for lightweight and durable

to useLPBF bonding results of a steel-aluminum alloy at different scanning speeds (Photo credit: Kenta Yamanaka et al.)

The researchers believe this is due to so-called unbalanced solidification, which minimizes the distribution that could lead to weak points in the material. This is how they are able to demonstrate a strong interface. one of the team membersSeungkyun Yim clarified, “In other words, you can’t just stick two metals together and expect them to stick together without a plan. We must first fully understand the in situ alloying mechanism.。

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What is rheology? Why is this important in polymer 3D printing?

What is rheology? Why is this important in polymer 3D printing?

Great Light CNC Machining Services 13/01/2025 23:48

The concept of rheology refers to the branch of physics that studies fluids. More specifically, it analyzes the behavior of materials when they flow or deform, that is, how they react to applied forces or stresses. Although rheology is applicable to a wide range of scientific and engineering disciplines,In the context of 3D printing, it has become critical for certain manufacturing technologies. It makes it possible to understand and control the behavior of the materials used, such as plastics or hydrogels, during the successive superposition of layers.

This branch of physics was founded by EugèneIntroduced by Eugene Bingham and formed independently in 1930. Etymologically, the word rheology comes from the Greek rheo, meaning “flow”, and logos, meaning “science”. In simple terms, rheology describes the deformation and flow of materials under various stress conditions. Therefore, rheological materials can be classified based on their behavior when subjected to different forces. We distinguish between elastic solids, which are solids which retain their shape after deformation, and viscous fluids, which flow continuously under the action of a force. Finally, we discovered viscoelastic fluids, which are materials combining the properties of elastic solids and viscous liquids. This is the case for polymers used in 3D printing.

What is rheology Why is this important in polymer 3D

A thorough understanding of rheology ensuresQuality of 3D printed parts

Rheology inImportance in 3D printing

Rheology for3D printing is essential for describing the behavior of polymer materials when deposited on a print bed, whether by extrusion or polymerization. Understanding the rheology of these plastics allows us to predict their behavior during the printing process, which is essential to ensure the quality and precision of the final part. Indeed, the rheological behavior of the material during the printing process directly affects all aspects of the process and the quality of the printed parts. The reasons why we find rheology essential in 3D printing include:

Viscosity control:In extrusion and resin processes, there must be a precise balance between the viscosity and elasticity of the material. In both cases, the viscosity of the material directly affects its flowability and the quality of the final part. If the viscosity is too high, the material will be difficult to extrude or deposit, resulting in clogging, plugging or uneven distribution, resulting in defective parts. Conversely, if the viscosity is too low, the material may flow too easily, causing unwanted buildup, distortion, or lack of layer definition. Rheological studies and appropriate adjustments of process conditions such as temperature and extrusion speed help optimize material flow.

1736855334 716 What is rheology Why is this important in polymer 3D

Rheology in extrusionSearch for 3D printing applications

Reduce flow and spills:In material jetting technology, resin is sprayed onto the print bed and the rheology prevents the material from flowing or spilling. If the rheology of the resin is not appropriate, the deposition may be poor. The viscosity of the material must be low enough to flow properly, but high enough to prevent the material from flowing or spilling.

Interlayer adhesion:One of the challenges of 3D printing is ensuring that each printed layer adheres properly to the previous layer. This largely depends on the rheological properties of the material. The latter must be sufficiently viscous so that the newly deposited layer maintains its shape and does not flow excessively. It should also be viscoelastic, allowing the layer to melt and adhere well to the previous layer. This is particularly important for high-resolution prints and parts with complex geometries.

Dimensional stability and post-processing:After printing, many materials are subject to warping, especially as they cool and solidify. These deformations, such as warping or shrinkage, can affect the quality and accuracy of the part. Rheology can predict how the material will behave as it cools, allowing printing conditions to be adjusted to minimize these issues.

1736855334 352 What is rheology Why is this important in polymer 3D

Rheological analysis applied to resins3D printing

Development of new materials:Rheology research3D printing plays a key role in new composite materials. These include materials with specific properties, such as high heat resistance, increased flexibility or reduced deformation upon cooling. Rheological characterization helps predict the behavior of these materials during the printing process, ensuring their suitability for technology and applications in various industries.

As we have seen, rheology is a polymerKey terms to consider in 3D printing. Whether controlling material flow, improving interlayer adhesion, or minimizing deformation, understanding the rheological behavior of a material can help optimize each step of the additive manufacturing process. This knowledge is crucial not only to guarantee the quality of printed parts, but also to develop new materials whose properties expand the possibilities of 3D printing in the industrial sector.

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Rigid or elastic? Plastic materials that modify their properties thanks to 3D printing

Rigid or elastic? Plastic materials that modify their properties thanks to 3D printing

Great Light CNC Machining Services 08/01/2025 23:34

In recent years, many academic research projects have focused on developing multifunctional materials through additive manufacturing. For example, in the medical field, it is important to develop tissues capable of regenerating organs or bone structures and to design cutting-edge biomedical devices. At the same time, in other areas, efforts are focused on creating new3D printed architecture, offering a wide range of potential applications.

To prove it, AliceA team of Princeton University engineers led by Alice Fergerson and Emily Davidson have developed a plastic material capable of adapting to different levels of flexibility. The material, made from a class of polymers called TPE, enables the design and manufacturing of flexible 3D printed structures with adjustable stiffness. Through 3D printing, engineers are able to control the physical properties of the material, allowing the fabric to stretch and bend repeatedly in one direction while maintaining its rigidity in the other.

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Characteristics of plastic materials

The thermoplastic elastomer chosen by the Princeton University engineering team is a block copolymer that can be shaped by melting. As it cools, it solidifies to form an elastic structure. This phenomenon can be explained by the behavior of the internal components of a copolymer made of homopolymers, which separate rather than mix like oil and water. Researchers exploited this property to create a material consisting of rigid cylinders dispersed in an elastic matrix that can remain flexible while retaining its internal properties.

The rigid cylindrical structure of this plastic material has a thickness of5 to 7 nanometers, embedded in an elastic polymer matrix. To better understand this scale, here are two comparisons: a human hair is approximately 90,000 nanometers in diameter, while a DNA helix is ​​approximately 1 nanometer in diameter. Researchers also investigated how to adjust the physical properties of printed materials using printing speed and controlled material extrusion. Using 3D printing, cylinders can be oriented at the nanometer level, creating a material that provides local rigidity while retaining soft and elastic areas.

Its self-repairing properties

The most interesting aspect of the process is the thermal annealing of the plastic and its self-healing properties.Alice Fergerson explains that thermal annealing significantly improves material properties after printing. This process allows objects printed in the laboratory to be reused several times and even to repair themselves if they are damaged. To demonstrate these self-healing properties, the researchers cut flexible samples of the printed material and repaired them by annealing them. Based on their observations, the repaired material was not significantly different from the original material.

Davidson points out that similar materials used in other cases are very expensive and require complex processing, such as controlled extrusion followed by UV treatment. These materials can cost per gramAbout $2.50. In comparison, the thermoplastic elastomer used in this project only costs about a penny per gram and can be printed using commercial 3D printers. This makes the material not only economical, but also usable for low-cost printing solutions.

Rigid or elastic Plastic materials that modify their properties thanks

One of the main objectives of the project is to develop flexible materials with locally tunable mechanical properties while using a cost-effective and easily scalable industrial approach.Emily Davidson believes that this method of designing advanced soft materials can be applied in various fields, such as soft robots, medical devices, prosthetics and high-performance custom shoe soles. The next step for the research team will be to create new 3D printed architectures compatible with applications such as wearable electronics and biomedical devices.

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First 3D printed microneedles to treat hearing loss

First 3D printed microneedles to treat hearing loss

Great Light CNC Machining Services 08/01/2025 21:30

The inner ear, particularly the cochlea, remains a largely unexplored area in medicine due to its complex and inaccessible anatomy. This poses a real barrier to treating hearing loss and other inner ear diseases. For more than a decade, a team of doctors and engineers at Columbia University has been working to develop a microneedle designed to improve medical outcomes in hearing loss. Additive manufacturing played a key role in the production of this device.

With the help ofIn 3D printing, otolaryngologist Anil Lalwani and mechanical engineer Jeffrey Kysar have successfully designed and produced an ultra-thin device: 3D printed microneedles for precision medicine in the inner ear . Both men believe the invention will represent a major advance in current treatments, particularly for previously inaccessible areas of the cochlea. To create these fine microneedles, they used two-photon lithography, a 3D printing technology used to create high-resolution structures. This makes the needle more precise than existing devices while still being strong enough for practical use.

First 3D printed microneedles to treat hearing loss

Microneedles inject contrast media into the inner ear to detect changes in the cochlea, which can help diagnose conditions such as Ménière’s disease. guinea pig cochleaMRI images show the different compartments of the cochlea. (Photo credit: Anil Lalwani/Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons)

One of the main difficulties lies in the complex anatomy of the cochlea, which makes the implementation of the treatment particularly difficult. Indeed, to reach the damaged cells, you have to go throughThe 2 mm wide and very fragile membrane often tears when using conventional instruments, which can lead to hearing loss and even balance disorders. This allows researchers to better understand the factors behind this break. The team then conceptualized the membrane as a stretched canvas: if the inserted instrument is too large, it can cause a tear. 3D printed microneedles are therefore designed to be the same width as a human hair. The main goal is to treat the cochlea without damaging the membrane. Additionally, microneedles can extract fluid from the cochlea, making it easier to diagnose inner ear diseases such as Ménière’s disease, a condition that causes dizziness, nausea and hearing loss.

Many surgeries have been performed on animals without negative effects or hearing loss, and the membranes recovered within two days of each surgery. Currently, people believe3D printed microneedles could transform inner ear treatment through more precise intervention. Dr. Anil Lalwani emphasized: “It is no exaggeration to say that our microneedles could be the key to precision medicine in the inner ear. »

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

The Warp, a Japanese tea room made from recycled wood and 3D printed

The Warp, a Japanese tea room made from recycled wood and 3D printed

Great Light CNC Machining Services 08/01/2025 20:30

During the latest edition of Dubai Design Week, the Japanese architecture studioMitsubishi Jisho Design has unveiled The Warp, a structure used as a teahouse. The installation is made from recycled wood and produced using 3D extrusion printing technology, highlighting an innovative method called “reclaimed wood”. The process covers the entire production cycle, from design to construction elements and furniture production, and is developed within their wooden design studio and laboratory.

Warp is a structure that combines traditional Japanese wood craftsmanship with 3D printing technology. The installation is made up of nearly 900 individual panels, each made from recycled wood flour, a material made from wood processing waste. The elements are then assembled using ancestral Japanese woodworking methods.

The Warp a Japanese tea room made from recycled wood

Integration of traditional craftsmanship and modern technology

As mentioned earlier, they developed a method calledAn innovative approach to “reclaimed wood” that recycles sawdust waste produced by traditional construction methods. By combining these wood residues with PLA, they produced filaments for 3D printing. This process makes it possible to create new structures and objects, giving a second life to these by-products of the cross-laminated timber manufacturing process. The design studio designed the tea room using 3D printed wooden modular tiles. Each tile has a unique shape and markings, and they fit together like a puzzle with other tiles to form a solid structure. Easy to assemble and disassemble by hand, this method makes the tea room easy to transport and reinstall to other locations. The process draws inspiration from traditional Japanese techniques, in which wooden components replace nails and screws to create elegant and durable structures.

“The subspace is more than just a pavilion; it embodies a future vision of architecture and design,” explains architect Kei Atsumi, who collaborated with Iizawa Motoya on the structure’s design. “By combining traditional woodworking techniques with advances in 3D printing, we have developed a new architectural expression. This project demonstrates how technology can revitalize ancient know-how, paving the way for a future where innovation and sustainability coexist harmoniously” Unveiled during Dubai Design Week. the teahouse invites visitors to explore Japanese heritage through an immersive tea ceremony. Inspired by the classic gazebo, it takes up the idea of ​​a hongkou, a small opening traditionally used as an entrance. However, The Warp features a more open design reminiscent of the shape of a funnel. The designers aimed to create a welcoming space while offering panoramic views of the Dubai cityscape.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

What is G code?

What is G code?

Great Light CNC Machining Services 08/01/2025 19:26

G-code is the secret magic behind all numerically controlled (CNC) machines, such as 3D printers, laser cutters, and, of course, CNC milling machines. It acts as a link between digital design and physical manufacturing, transforming those designs into precise instructions that machines can execute to bring them to life.

In this article, Mohou.com will learn with youThe basics of G-code and how it works in different applications such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing, resin-based 3D printing, and CNC milling. Additionally, we will explore some useful G-code skills, such as manually editing .gcode files, understanding their differences between machines, and how to adapt G-code to different firmware.

what isG-code?

What is G code

G-code allows us to communicate our designs to the CNC machine in a way it can understand (Source: AethericEye via Reddit)

G-code stands for “Geometry Code” and is a programming language used to control computer numerical control (CNC) machines.

You may be wondering why do we need a programming language for CNC machine tools?

If we want to useA CNC milling machine cuts a cube out of wood and it probably won’t take too much time to manually control the machine. However, if we want to cut 50 cubes (or something more complex), we can simply write a set of commands written in G-code, which will allow us to automate the control process and save a lot of time. This is why G-code plays a vital role in any modern CNC machine, including your 3D printer!

Computers originated inDeveloped in the 1950s as part of the automation revolution, it quickly became a mainstay for controlling machining tools such as lathes and mills, and later 3D printers and other manufacturing equipment. But what is it made of?

Basic Structure of G Code

G-code instructions consist of simple, friendly, easy-to-understand commands that tell the machine how to operate. Each line is called a “block” and represents an instruction or command, including:

1、order code (eg.G01、M104)

2、Parameters that specify coordinates or parameters (e.g.X10 Y20 position Z5 or feed F1500)

There are two types of commands in G code. One is “G” which controls the movement in the machine like G28 (zero on all axes). The other is “M”, which manages non-motion related functions such as temperature adjustment (M104) or tool change (M06).

Technical overview

1736407561 306 What is G code

Three-in-one 3D printing, laser engraving and CNC milling machine (Source: Aurora Tech via YouTube)

modeling of molten deposits(FDM) is a 3D printing method that builds objects layer by layer by extruding molten filaments. Even though it cannot print small details like a resin-based 3D printer, it remains a popular choice among hobbyists due to its simplicity and affordability. G-code is specific to each printer model and the print itself, since different printers have different sizes, movements (e.g. different movement systems), etc.

AndUnlike FDM 3D printers, CNC milling involves subtracting material from an existing part. Therefore, G code for CNC milling is not an instruction to add material deterministically, but is based on precise subtractive manufacturing practices.

resin based3D printing, such as stereolithography (SLA) and digital light processing (DLP), works differently than FDM 3D printing. The concept of FDM is based on extruding molten filaments through a nozzle, building an object layer by layer, like icing on a cake. Resin-based printing, on the other hand, uses a photosensitive resin that is cured (hardened) one layer at a time by exposing it to controlled light. To achieve this, the control system is primarily focused on the Z-axis movement and exposure settings, since there are no nozzles to extrude the filament.

AlthoughFDM 3D printers, CNC milling machines, and resin-based 3D printers all use G codes. However, due to the differences between these three printers, the specific controls and functions are also very different. Let’s learn more below.

1. In3D FDM printing

1736407561 869 What is G code

from a set of instructions toBenchy (Source: All3DP)

FDM 3D printing relies on G-code to manage tool head movement and precise extrusion control. Commonly used commands include:

movement and positioning：G01 is used to control linear movement, specifying the X, Y and Z coordinates and the feed rate (speed of moving the tool holder) F. For example, G01 X50 Y25 Z0.3 F1200 moves the tool holder towards X=50 mm, Y=25 mm, Z=0.3 mm at a feed speed of 1,200 mm/min.

Extrude:The E parameter is used with G01 to extrude or retract the filament. For example, the G01 X60 Y25 E5 F1500 moves to Retraction can be performed using the G01 E-1 F1800, which retracts a 1mm filament at a feed rate of 1800mm/min.

Temperature settings:Controls such as M104 are used to adjust the nozzle temperature, while M140 is used to heat the bed. For example, the M104 S200 sets the nozzle temperature to 200°C and the M140 S60 sets the bed temperature to 60°C.

Fan control:M106 turns the fan on and adjusts its speed, M107 turns it off. For example: M106 S128 sets fan speed to 50% (S128, maximum is S255).

FDM-specific G-codes typically contain settings to manage print speed, shrink settings, and other print-specific operations such as pause (M0) or filament change (M600). Since FDM printers work by adding material to the build area, G-Code focuses on additive manufacturing methods.

2. InCNC milling

1736407561 94 What is G code

CNC milling machines “cut” the metal from objects (Source: CAD/CAM Solutions on YouTube)

As mentioned above, forIn CNC milling, movement is related to the removal of material from the workpiece. For example:

Toolpath control:Commands such as G17, G18 and G19 select the artboard. G17 sets the XY plane, G18 sets the XZ plane and G19 sets the YZ plane to ensure precise positioning of the cutting tool.

Feed and depth of cut:The F parameter specifies the feed rate, while the S parameter defines the spindle speed (the rotational speed of the cutting tool). For example, the F1000 sets the feed rate to 1000 mm/min and the S1200 spindle speed to 1200 rpm. These settings are essential for controlling cutting speed and depth.

Advanced operations:Commands such as G02 and G03 control circular interpolation. G02 specifies a clockwise arc, while G03 specifies a counterclockwise arc. Cutter compensation is handled by G41, which shifts the tool to the left of the cutting path, and by G42, which shifts the tool to the right, allowing precise adjustments to the tool size.

3. Resin-based3D printing

1736407562 54 What is G code

AndCompared to FDM, resin printers can print amazing details… (Source: DaveMakesStuffBC via Reddit)

we already knowWhat typical G-code operations for FDM printing look like. Resin printers typically use the following G codes:

Z axis movement: These should only be placed between layers alongThe Z axis moves the build platform, which simplifies the G-code structure compared to FDM since the X and Y axes are not required. For example, the G1 Z1.2 F150 moves the build platform at Z=1.2mm at 150mm/min.

Solidification of layers:The controls include various exposure time settings that control the time it takes for the resin to cure via UV light to create each layer. For example, there are different options for the initial layer and subsequent layers. For example,M106 S255 P10 activates UV for 10 seconds.

Stripping and lifting operations:Resin printers may containG-code controls to peel or lift between layers to reduce suction and prepare the next layer. For example, the G1 Z1.5 F100 slightly lifts the platform at Z=1.5 mm to peel off this layer.

As you can imagine,FDM’s G-code is generally more detailed because it contains temperature, extrusion, and motion controls on all three axes. On the other hand, G-code for resin 3D printing mainly includes Z-axis positioning controls and exposure settings. Since there is no filament extrusion, there are no controls related to extrusion or retraction.

4. Manufacturing method

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Click the start and end boxes of the script to save your changes (Source:All 3DP）

If you’re wondering if you should learn everythingG-code commands are required to print or mill your model, so you don’t have to worry.

G-code for FDM and resin-based printing is generated by slicing software, where you import the model, specify 3D printing parameters, and convert (aka slice!) the process into G-code to your printer.

ForFor FDM, popular programs include Cura and PrusaSlicer, both of which are open source and support a large number of printers on the market. Resin printing uses its own slicer, such as the Chitubox and Lychee Slicer. As mentioned above, FDM printing has many parameters to consider, while resin-based 3D printing does not have as many parameters, but there are still a number of parameters to consider .

ForCNC milling machines and computer-aided machining (CAM) software can help prepare the appropriate G-code based on the design. Autodesk Fusion includes CAD and CAM capabilities, making it the first choice for CNC projects. As expected, there are plenty of other options, many of which are free.

That you wantPreparing G-code for a CNC machine or 3D printer can usually be done automatically using the software mentioned above. That said, learning how to manually edit G-code is a valuable skill. Let’s take a closer look.

5. Manual editingG-code

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You can use any text editor that supports plain text to editCode G (Source: Shayon Khaled via All3DP)

As mentioned above, modifyG-coding is a useful skill. Indeed, it allows you to customize your printing or processing operations much further than slicing or CAM software allows you to do, and you can also adjust settings on the fly or troubleshoot any issues.

to modifyG-code is very simple, because generally any text editor that supports plain text can open .gcode files. You can use Notepad++, Visual Studio Code or any other text editor of your choice. However, if you want to do more than simple edits, it’s best to use a specialized G-code editor (such as Repetier-Host or PrusaSlicer). They provide useful features such as syntax highlighting and automatic error detection, so that complex edits can be made easily and securely.

After making changes, you also need to navigate through the viewerG code to ensure there are no errors. For example, a simple missing number in a tool head movement command could cause it to hit something and cause costly damage. Today, most slicers and CAM tools come with their own G-code viewer. If you want to use a separate viewer, OctoPrint’s G-code viewer or Repetier-Host are handy.

6. Why eachG code files are all unique

1736407563 127 What is G code

Although there are some similarities, the differences are significant (source:Jasper-CC via Reddit）

As mentioned above, eachEach G-code file is unique because it is customized based on the specific machine, materials and settings for which it was created. If you try to use it on a machine for which it is not designed, it may at least cause a malfunction – and at worst, it could damage the machine or the tool holder, requiring a costly and time-consuming repair.

The following concerns the differentSome common differences in G-code files created by FDM machines:

1、Machine specific parameters:These often include unique settings such as build plate size, axis limits, and tool offsets, all of which can vary from model to model.

2、Firmware differences:Different firmware (eg.Marlin, Klipper, GRBL) interpret and support various G-code commands differently (or not at all), thus affecting compatibility.

3、Hardware requirements:The G-code includes temperature and speed settings specific to the material used (e.g. PLA or ABS). Other materials may not work properly, or at all, due to improper configuration.

4、Printer Features:Machines with features like dual extrusion or automatic bed leveling should haveDifferent commands are used in G-code.

WillAdapting G-code to another machine requires adjusting these settings to match the new configuration, and it is generally not worth the effort to manually edit the G-code file. If you want to print on another machine, an easier way is to recreate the G-code in slicing software and choose the right 3D printer or cut the model directly.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Lattice structure in 3D printing

Lattice structure in 3D printing

Great Light CNC Machining Services 08/01/2025 18:20

In automobile parts, medical implants, running shoes or hiking backpacks, we are seeing more and more products with checkered or honeycomb patterns.3D printed parts. You might think of these lattice structures (or truss structures as they’re called in English) as the latest innovation in 3D printing and design for additive manufacturing (DfAM). In fact, we are constantly surrounded by nature’s lattice structures. Think of bees’ nests, snowflakes, fences, sponges and even the Eiffel Tower.

A lattice or lattice structure consists of a network of nodes connected in patterns, called cells, that repeat or change to provide benefits in performance or part production. In traditional manufacturing, lattices are rarely visible because these processes cannot produce such complex designs. This is the advantage of additive manufacturing, which makes the mesh and3D printing is the perfect combination.

Lattice structure in 3D printing

3D printed trellis (Image source: Sculpteo)

DiscussBefore 3D printing lattice structures, we first understand the types of lattices available. In principle, a network is formed by connecting nodes using line segments. Depending on the arrangement of line segments and nodes, regular or irregular patterns may appear. By modifying the density of the segments as well as the geometry and size of the elements, one can adjust properties such as the elasticity or rigidity of the part. There are many types of trellises and research is underway to develop more diverse and efficient trellises. However, the most common grids can be divided into several categories:

1、Planar lattice:These networks are based on two-dimensional planar structures which form three-dimensional parts. Since the layers are printed individually, they may need to be assembled later. This type of network includes tetrahedral patterns,Voronoi lattice and rhombus and hexagonal lattice (like honeycomb).

2、Pillar lattice:These networks are composed of connected segments that form a network by connecting nodes, corners or edges of cells. The printed layers overlap and fit together. The trellis may need to be reinforced with support material.

3、TPMS (Triperiodic Minimal Surface) network:These networks are based on trigonometric equations that determine the units. The basic shape of the trellis may vary.

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There are many3D printed lattice structures are available. (Image source: Shenzhen JR Technology)

Grids can also be divided into periodic grids and random grids. Periodic arrays maintain a uniform pattern throughout the structure, while random arrays feature variations in cell shape, size, and arrangement to reinforce the structure in certain directions.

The choice of trellis depends on its final objective. The design takes into account the appropriate geometry and dimensions as well as the required rigidity. The buckling behavior, i.e. how the structure yields under pressure and in which direction, is also analyzed. Additionally, people often wonder if the mesh can absorb energy when deformed.

trellis design and3D printing

design3D printed lattices require specialized design tools. Although some modeling software provides basic functionality for networks, software specific to topology optimization or generative design is more reliable. Generative Design calculates the optimal design based on the required properties of the part and the selected printing method. If the project contains lattices, their cells, density and arrangement are also calculated.

Many tools are available for optimizationModels and creates 3D lattice structures, including Autodesk Within, nTop by nTopology, Meshify, 4D_Additive by Core Technologie, Netfabb or HyDesign by Hyperganic. The choice of design depends on the application, materials and printing technology.

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With the help ofWith HyDesign from Hyperganic, you can design lattice structures. (Image: Hyperganic)

to useIt is much easier to produce lattice structures with 3D printing as they are often very complex and delicate. Additionally, printing lattices is faster than printing solid structures. In theory, a variety of materials and printing technologies can be used, but each process has its specificities:

1、existIn FDM and SLA printing, large lattice structures require support structures.

2、ForPowder processes such as SLS or MJF must provide sufficient access points to achieve efficient powder removal.

3、existIn DMLS, additional supports should be considered to avoid the 2mm limit of unsupported bridges.

These particularities are generally taken into account from the design stage.

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The required properties of the parts and their applications are integrated into the design of the truss structure. (Image source:nTopology）

Challenges and Benefits of Scaffolding

The main challenges include cell orientation, distance between beams and angle to the printing platform. The grid must both meet the goals of the final piece and be achievable. Additionally, digital files for trellis designs can be very large (over1 GB), requiring significant computing power to carry out simulations.

However, its advantages are numerous:

1、Save material:The trellis could produce lighterspare parts, reducing costs and improving performance, particularly in the field of lightweight structures.

2、Improve quality:Mesh materials can improve shock absorption, increase flexibility or, conversely, stiffen the product to make it more durable.

3、Specific applications:The network increases the heat exchange surface area in heat exchangers and stimulates bone growth in medical implants.

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Toucan Beak, a 3D printed heat exchanger with a lattice structure inside. (Image source: Aidro)

Applications of 3D printed lattice

Now let’s continue the discussionThere are certain application areas where 3D printed meshes show their potential. In the medical field, mesh is used not only in the aforementioned implants, but also in prosthetics and orthotics to optimize weight, strength or comfort.

Truss structures are particularly advantageous in applications where high performance and light weight are required, such as in the automotive, aerospace and aerospace industries. For example, usenToplattice and Shell&Lattice, Aerojet Rocketdyne was able to reduce the weight of the quad engine block by 67% and reduce production costs by 66%.

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Use truss structures to reduce weightAerojet Rocketdyne engine block (Image source: nTopology)

But plaid is also becoming increasingly important and popular in the sports and consumer goods sectors. We see more and more3D printed protective gear and mesh padding. These meshes are found in bicycle saddles, helmet padding, protective clothing, etc., as well as in the midsoles of shoes. Especially with running shoes we want better energy transfer and higher performance.

This logic also applies to car seats or backpacks. For example, outdoor equipment expertsOechsler uses Magic tools from Materialize to improve the comfort of its innovative backpack featuring mesh construction. Furniture also began to adopt trellis, although in this case beauty seemed to take precedence over brightness.

These examples show that lattices already exist in many applications. withThis trend is not only expected to continue, but also to intensify in the future due to the advancement of the industrialization of 3D printing and the continued development of design possibilities.

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Mesh structure for shock absorption and comfort (Image source:Oechsler)


Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

3D printed sphere: how to make it?

3D printed sphere: how to make it?

Great Light CNC Machining Services 08/01/2025 17:20

Modeling of molten deposits(FDM) 3D printers work by moving a nozzle across the X, Y, and Z axes, extruding the filament at specific locations, and gradually building the part in layers. While FDM printing is very advantageous in some ways, the layer-by-layer printing process has its limitations.

An obvious disadvantage of FDM 3D printers is that they produce a “stepping” phenomenon on curves that intersect the Z axis. Other aspects of the printing process can also limit print quality, such as Z-stitching, inconsistent extrusion, etc.

Especially the sphere, it isOne of the most difficult geometries to 3D print, as they are more prone to step-like lines, require supports if you are printing an entire sphere, and the smooth curved surface means there is no somewhere to hide other printing defects. They can result in a rougher surface than usual, which is unlikely to be what you want if it’s a display piece, such as a spherical model of the moon.

Printing a sphere layer by layer will never be perfect, but there are ways to minimize imperfections and get the cleanest surface possible. In this article, Mohou.com will learn someTips for 3D printing spheres.

1. Design

3D printed sphere how to make it

Use your choiceThe CAD program’s split tool splits the model in two (Source: Jackson O’Connell via All3DP)

The first step to printing a sphere is to design it correctly, and there are actually two ways to do this: split it in half or keep it in one piece. Dividing the sphere into hemispheres will make printing easier and require no supports, but will increase post-processing time when you need to glue them together. (If your model is very small, you may not need to separate it as long as it adheres to the bed.)

If your sphere is part of a larger design, consider designing the parts to be printed separately and reattaching them later so you can give the sphere the attention it needs to succeed. Alternatively, you can keep the spherical shape in the model, but carefully consider the orientation when slicing.

Dividing a spherical object into two parts is simple. First, open your favorite3D design program and find the center point of a spherical object. Next, use the split tool (Planar or 2D Sketch) to split the model into two parts. Finally, export each section individually to print it individually. It’s best to print one hemisphere at a time to avoid issues with nozzle retraction when moving between each part.

If you keep the sphere as a whole, no special preparation is required. Simply export the model as usual, but note that you need to work on the overhang at the base of the sphere in the slicer. With that in mind, let’s move on to configuring the slicer!

2. Slice

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Smaller layer heights can significantly reduce the appearance of jagged lines (source:Adam Vicknair via All3DP）

Slicing the model is the next important step in printing the sphere, although adjusting the slicing parameters is key to a successful print. The print bed prints better and smoother, which means less sanding and post-processing.

Height from ground

To print a smoother sphere, a very versatile but useful setting is to use a smaller layer height. Simply put, higher resolution means that stepped curves are less obvious because more layers must be used to create the curves. Although this increases printing time since additional layers are needed to achieve the same height, the smoother surface you get with this simple adjustment is worth it!

Finer details and faster print speeds are also possible withFeatures such as Cura’s adaptive layer height are implemented; This setting is also available for other slicers, although the names may be different. Simply put, this feature variably changes the layer height throughout the cut model, so parts with less detail will be printed with thicker layers faster, while parts with fine detail will be printed with thinner layers. This is especially useful with spheres, as it will provide a smooth transition between layer heights, resulting in a natural, more rounded, less tiered look.

support

Supports are a key part of printing a sphere. In theory, a perfect sphere only touches the build plate at one point, so your print can roll without needing additional structure to hold it in place!3D printers cannot print in the air, so the expanded base of the sphere requires a support structure on which to print the sphere. If you split the model in half, you can avoid this need, as each hemisphere can be printed on its flat base.

Supports may leave marks or a rough surface after the support material is removed. To minimize the impact on the surface of the sphere, try to increase the distance between the support material and the overhang. (The relevant settings in Cura are “Support Z Distance” and “Support X/Y Distance”. ) Another idea suggested by a user is to use a layer of skin between the backing material and the overhang.

It may also be a good idea to use a raft or brim to further ensure adhesion of the bed surface to the ball piece. The raft and edges surround the support structure and the spherical area that contacts the build plate to secure them to the bed. This is important because without edges or rafts, the support structure can fall during the printing process!

filling and shell

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Fewer shells let in more light (source:Jackson O’Connell via All3DP）

The infill and shell are the main parts of the print, as they represent the interior infill and the exterior surfaces (top and bottom layers and walls), respectively. The amount of filler and shell is less critical to the appearance of the sphere’s surface, but should be set based on the purpose of the part. These settings affect how light passes through an object, which is useful if you’re printing something like moonlight, for example.

For infill, lower than normal infill densities may be used unless the part requires internal structural strength. This will avoid the risk of the infill pattern bleeding into the wall. Lower infill density also means less printing time.

If you want a certain level of transparency, try using a smaller number of shells (around two). That said, consider that a lack of hull and a very small amount of filler can cause load voids to sag where they meet the hull. To avoid this, when the filling density is approx.10% or less, consider using three or more speakers. If you want a solid-looking surface and sturdier pieces, increase the number of crates.

For a sphere, regardless of its purpose, always keep the number of wall layers equal to the number of top and bottom layers. Indeed, if one number is larger than the other, the sphere will have unequal weighting.

Other slicer suggestions

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Activating vase mode will keep the sphere hollow (Source:Jackson O’Connell via All3DP）

If your spherical part is not a normal sphere, you also need to consider its orientation. If you can’t split the piece in half, the bottom half will need a lot of support, so keep in mind that removing supports can damage details. If your sphere is part of a larger model, try to position the model so as to minimize the support required by the sphere itself.

Our final slicer setup suggestion is to use vase or spiral mode, provided that your spherical object does not need to be very solid. Vase mode only prints the perimeter of spiral objects, making it ideal for cylinders and other round and hollow objects. This will reduce material consumption and printing time, allowing light to pass through (since there is no infill). Just make sure you don’t forget to enable supports, otherwise the print may fail.

three,3D printing

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This way, your circle will not turn into an oval (source:Adam Vicknair via All3DP）

There’s not much to discuss when it comes to printing spherical objects, but before you start printing, check your printer’s regular maintenance. This means checking whether belts, nozzles, beds, etc. are working properly. work correctly.

To ensure that the ball shape does not turn into an egg shape, make sure theTighten the belts on the X and Y axes. A loose belt will allow the print head or bed to become loose, so a perfect circle will start to look a bit oval.

Remember to make sure the nozzle is clean and tidy, as a partially (or completely) clogged nozzle can cause inconsistent extrusion and worsen surface quality. As with any print, remember to level the bed before you start printing so that the first layer is nice and flat.

Finally, consider usingABS and other materials print spherical objects. While other materials like PLA have similar printing success rates, ABS has a simple layer smoothing option so the end result can be more impressive. If you have a dual extrusion printer, try printing any support material with a soluble material such as PVA, as this will prevent surface damage caused by removal of the support.

4. Post-processing

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When sanding, try to focus on the seams and not ruin any details of the part (Source:RCLifeOn via YouTube）

Finally, to post-process the sphere, you should try to smooth out the visible layer lines. Fortunately, there are many post-processing techniques available, depending on your print, materials, equipment, and experience level. Some good options for spheres include sanding, using solvents, polishing, and coating.

The first step to take is to remove any support from your print. Carefully use a utility knife to remove any pieces of support stuck to the model. If you printed the model in two parts, you may not need to remove the supports, but you can use superglue orAn adhesive such as a 3D pen holds the hemispheres together. When aligning the two halves, be as perfect as possible to achieve an even transition.

Next, sand the model with sandpaper, starting with a low (coarser) grit and working your way up to a high (finer) grit. If you are gluing two hemispherical pieces together, be sure to smooth the transition between them and evenly sand all areas of the sphere to achieve the best surface finish.

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Marbled or speckled yarn helps hide diaper lines! (source:Adam Vicknair via All3DP）

If you useWhen printing a model with ABS, you can use solvents such as acetone to add a smooth, shiny surface to the model. The purpose of the solvent is to lightly melt the surface to blend the layers and eliminate visible lines. If you are printing parts in PLA, you can use an epoxy coating (like XTC-3D) to smooth and finish the object.

Finally, you can polish, paint or coat your model for the finishing touch. Spray painting a sphere can hide an object’s imperfections, add or emphasize details, or change the color. For a shiny finish, try usingA rotary tool such as a Dremel spins the polishing material at high speed, or you can polish by hand.

Here’s how to print a spherical object that looks great anywhere!

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

What are the trends in 3D printing in 2024?

What are the trends in 3D printing in 2024?

Great Light CNC Machining Services 01/01/2025 17:45

As 2025 approaches, it is time to take stock of the past year as we usually do. At this time last year, we were already discussing certain trends with you, such as the industrial slowdown or the development of artificial intelligence. These 2023 trends have implications for 2024, which might be the first thing we take a closer look at before diving into our review of the year.

Last year, we kicked off our review by discussing artificial intelligence and its growing impact on the industry.Artificial intelligence software will continue to gain a foothold in additive manufacturing in 2023, although enthusiasm for its potential has waned somewhat. This does not mean that AI is a disappointment, on the contrary: it is gradually consolidating its presence in targeted applications such as the medical field, while remaining a pillar of generative design. This quieter but equally important role illustrates how AI continues to evolve and meet specific user needs. Just like 3D printing, artificial intelligence will not change every area, but it will prevail where it can truly make a difference.

What are the trends in 3D printing in 2024

The Bambu Lab A1 was recalled this year, but the company still saw strong growth (Photo credit: Bambu Lab).

Budget remains a key factor in the industry.In 2023, Bambu Lab rose to prominence by attracting attention with its fast and affordable desktop solutions. This dynamic continues until 2024. Despite some challenges, notably the recall of its A1 3D printer, Bambu Lab has continued to establish itself as a major player in the sector, rapidly expanding its product range. This development highlights an important reality: affordability remains a key priority for many 3D printing users.

butWhat are the other trends in 3D printing in 2024? What will have the biggest impact on the industry this year? Let’s take a closer look.

The additive manufacturing market is getting darker

There is no doubt:In 2024, the 3D printing industry will continue to face major challenges. This is not only due to the global economic slowdown, but also because this technology has been particularly hard hit. Much of this comes from the bursting of the bubble in 2023, which resulted in growth hurdles that continue to weigh heavily on the market.

For example, in our dedicated discussionIn our article on 3D printing trends in 2023, we discussed the instability of the sector, illustrated by the large number of mergers and layoff announcements. These phenomena also mark the arrival of 2024 and confirm the persistence of these structural challenges.

In September 2024, Stratasys announced a layoff plan affecting approximately 15% of its employees. At the same time, another major player, 3D Systems, has chosen to sell its metrology software to refocus its efforts on a portfolio of solutions dedicated to 3D printing. The year was also marked by the bankruptcy of Shapeways, despite the possibility of its revival. In fact, the company acquired the popular Thangs template platform before declaring bankruptcy. For its part, Markforged is facing increasing difficulties after being ordered to pay $17 million to Continuation Composites in the context of an intellectual property dispute. This situation is aggravated by previous leaders’ criticism of current management skills. In this context, Nano Dimension announced its intention to acquire Markforged, adding a new dimension to this turbulent period for the company.

Actually,Nano Dimension has made a splash in terms of acquisitions this year. In addition to Markforged, the company also announced plans to acquire Desktop Metal, which has been struggling for several years. Although the issue appears to have been resolved, Nano Dimension CEO Yoav Stern has raised questions. Meanwhile, activist shareholder Murchinson Ltd’s stake stands at around 7.1%, part of a long-running battle led by its nominee director candidates Ofir Baharav and Robert Pons in the leadership battle of the company. Elected to the board of directors.

With the resignation of six directors, theUncertainty has further mounted for Nano Dimension, which has seen its board reduced to four members supported by Murchinson. Despite this instability, the new board said: “As a newly reconstituted board, we are committed to ensuring strong corporate governance and implementing strategies that maximize long-term shareholder value. . » This statement, while optimistic, demonstrates commitment to Nano. choice that the Dimension board of directors has made so far.

Of course, the saga has been going on for a long time, as Murchinson has been trying to replace the incompetent Yoav for some time.· Yoav Stern. “Nano’s board of directors has demonstrated that it is unable or unwilling to hold management accountable and lacks the judgment necessary to use Nano’s cash and other resources responsibly,” said the company in a press release.

Where does this leave us? Clearly, the market is not ready to stabilize.What’s going on with Markforged and Desktop Metal? It seems unlikely that the acquisition will be completed, but it is not yet certain. However, the fact that only Murchinson remains on Nano Dimension’s board makes rejection of these deals more likely.

Regardless, despite a more conservative year focused on stability rather than growth, some positive signs are emerging.The atmosphere at Formnext was livelier than in 2023, with press releases abounding and partnerships within the industry particularly highlighted. This collaboration is a reliable way to help strengthen the additive manufacturing industry during this difficult time.

3D printing applications will be the focus in 2024

This year we noticed that there was more focus on real-world applications rather than machine innovation. This is a sign that the market is responding to the loss of confidence in over-promises by clearly showing how the technology can be used.

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Renishaw inThe Formnext 2024 booth front showcases 3D printing applications, including applications for bicycles (Photo credit: 3Dnatives).

For example, at a trade show, while machines are clearly present, more space is devoted to physical applications. Take Renishaw for example. The British manufacturer is exhibiting numerous creations, including a bicycle used at the Paris Olympics and itsA 3D printed part, this is one of the most interesting metal parts we’ve seen this year.

The press releases issued during the year also bear witness to this. Whether in the medical, aerospace, construction or automotive sectors, the main manufacturers are demonstrating interesting applications. This situation stands in stark contrast to just a few years ago, where while apps certainly existed, we saw far more innovation than they could handle. This is a direct response to criticism leveled against the additive manufacturing market, namely3D printing does not keep its promises.

As mentioned earlier, one of the factors particularly affecting the additive manufacturing market is users’ frustration with the performance of the machines, despite the general slowdown in the technology. Although3D printers offer exciting possibilities and have many uses, but it’s important to maintain realistic expectations of what they can actually do.

by descriptionPractical uses of 3D printing, highlighting specific applications, directly address this problem. Another way to do this is a growing trend: prototyping and tooling are returning as core applications alongside hybrid manufacturing. The industry appears to have recognized the importance of guiding users by showing them clear use cases and helping them choose the right technology for their needs.

This has also led to an increase in certifications in the industry. For a long time,3D printing has long been seen as a barrier to adoption, but one of the most notable developments in 3D printing at Formnext 2024 is the focus on part and process certification. Leading organizations, including those working in specific industries such as SAE in aerospace and general manufacturing, are making advancements that make 3D printing parts easier for users. Obviously, this dynamic will continue until 2025, helping to revitalize the additive manufacturing market.

3D printing trends in 2024

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The presence of SAE International at Formnext 2024, notably in a presentation on the design of 3D printed parts for the automotive and aerospace industry, demonstrated the importance of certification in the industry in 2024 (Photo credit: 3Dnatives).

China has been a major player in additive manufacturing for many years. Over the past year, however, we have seen a real strengthening of the presence of Chinese manufacturers, particularly in the field of industrial additive manufacturing. This expansion in China isOne of the main trends in 3D printing in 2024.

One of the manifestations of Chinese growth can be observed inSeen on Formnext. In previous exhibitions, although Chinese companies participated, they were mainly large companies or professional companies in the industry. For example, companies such as Creality and Farsoon High-Tech regularly participate. But this year we saw a real expansion, with around a hundred Chinese exhibitors, some even occupying the largest stands at the show.

While many Western exhibitors opted for smaller booths, some of the most impressive booths came from Chinese manufacturers. For example,Eplus3D has a two-story booth focused on industrial applications of metal additive manufacturing, such as rocket nozzles. Bambu Lab and Creality are next to each other and occupy a relatively spacious booth than other exhibitors, attracting a large number of people.

ChinaThe growth of 3D printing is also reflected in other indicators. For example, a report from Grand View Research shows that after generating 1.45 billion euros in 2023, China’s 3D printing market is expected to reach 7.907 billion euros by 2030, with a growth rate Compound Annual Compound (CAGR) of 27.5% from 2024 to 2024. In comparison, by 2030, the global 3D printing market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 23.5% over the same period, while North America, the current largest market, only will only experience growth of 22.4%.

according toAccording to the CONTEXT report released in January 2024, China’s entry-level 3D printing market is one of the most profitable markets in the world. Bambu Lab in FDM and ELEGOO in resin printing stand out particularly for their strong growth despite a general drop in revenues. The report also highlights that these entry-level printers are starting to make inroads into the industrial 3D printing market, as they can be used in professional applications while being priced more competitively.

That said, the country is experiencing significant industrialization. With Chinese office and entry levelAs 3D printers continue to gain popularity, companies such as Bright Laser Technologies (BLT), Eplus3D and Farsoon High-Tech are not only standing out this year with a large number of innovative applications, but are also making huge profits . BLT, in particular, is one of the most profitable additive manufacturing companies in the world, with revenue growing by almost 60% between 2022 and 2023, a performance that will continue until 2024.

Of course, this growth is not without consequences. In addition to intensifying competition with Chinese manufacturers, patent infringement complaints have also been filed.The conflict between Stratasys and Bambu Lab is an obvious example.

This year,Stratasys sued Bambu Lab for patent infringement, accusing it of using patented technology in its 3D printers, including purification towers and heated print beds. The case, still pending, has sparked debate and divided opinions among users and manufacturers of 3D printers.

Who is right? The answer probably lies somewhere in between. Regardless, it can be said with certainty that China’s rise has becomeOne of the main trends in 3D printing in 2024.

Sensationalism on the rise

In such a tumultuous year, we have also seenThe rise of sensation in the field of 3D printing. What do we mean by this? Many hot topics have emerged and sparked discussions, particularly in the mainstream media.

For example, many media often mention3D printed weapons. Despite the hard facts, cases involving 3D printed weapons have emerged in recent years, and it is reasonable for governments to be interested in them, but this does not reflect the complete picture. 3D printed weapons remain a marginal issue in most countries, but they receive disproportionate attention.

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3D printed meat, like this example from Steakholder Foods, has been a widely debated topic in 2024 (Photo credit: Steakholder Foods).

That said, sensationalism should not be viewed solely in a negative light. While we see an increase in rumors and sensational articles in the industry, there is also a form of sensationalism used to promote additive manufacturing. in the food and construction sectorsThis is especially true with 3D printing.

Finally, in the construction sector, the industry has demonstrated the effectiveness of additive manufacturing, having already built several houses using this technology. arriveIn 2024, there are also many examples of how 3D printing in the construction sector can help increase property prices and directly address the global housing crisis.

The restaurant sector is also booming.Companies like Revo Foods and Steakholder Foods are able to produce 3D printed meat and fish, known to be more environmentally friendly. This has sparked debate, particularly when some of these products appear in supermarkets. However, the industry is also characterized by sensationalism, particularly from non-3D printing media, over whether 3D printed meat should be consumed.

This sensationalism is intentional. he will do it when necessary3D printing has been brought to the forefront, especially for those who are not yet familiar with these technologies.

At any rate,2024 will be a pivotal year for the 3D printing industry. It will be interesting to see if the industry continues on this trajectory, or if 2025 marks a turning point.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Why does metal 3D printing take so long?

Great Light CNC Machining Services 30/12/2024 03:21

Metal 3D printing process and construction period analysis

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

8 reasons why additive manufacturing complements other production methods

8 reasons why additive manufacturing complements other production methods

Great Light CNC Machining Services 28/12/2024 09:25

In the manufacturing sector, the integration of new technologies is the key to remaining competitive in an increasingly demanding and dynamic global market. The adoption of new tools is often aimed at increasing efficiency, reducing time and costs, and improving the parts manufactured. For example, additive manufacturing is being integrated as a transformative technology in industries that use well-established traditional processes. Whether as a complementary tool or in a hybrid system,3D printing is fully compatible with traditional methods.

Traditional manufacturing remains the method of mass production, but it faces challenges in sustainability, design flexibility and material efficiency. Yet its ability to produce large quantities at low cost remains unmatched in many cases. The need to innovate and adapt to modern requirements is driving the adoption of process improvement technologies such as additive manufacturing. Understanding the importance of having the best of both worlds, here we explore how additive manufacturing complements other production methods. 8 reasons.

1: Rapid prototyping

Rapid prototyping offers several advantages over traditional manufacturing methods. It allows you to imagine several iterations to validate the design before mass producing the final part. Additive manufacturing is an ideal tool for designing prototypes. Thanks to their flexibility, these products can be manufactured at lower cost, without using existing tooling, and relatively quickly. Many businesses rely on 3D printing to validate their concept before choosing another more suitable manufacturing method. Additionally, rapid prototyping helps reduce waste associated with trial and error in traditional manufacturing. By leveraging the design flexibility offered by additive manufacturing, resource usage can be optimized and waste minimized. This is not the case for subtractive technologies like machining. This approach, combined with the ability to manufacture on demand, also eliminates the need for large inventories and minimizes waste associated with overproduction.

2: More efficient mold

3D printing allows you to create molds for processes such as injection molding. Since molds can be printed with complex geometries, such as cooling channels, it is possible to achieve better heat distribution and faster cooling times for parts. In contrast, functional mold designs can be created easily and quickly, whereas traditional mold manufacturing can take weeks or even months, depending on the complexity of the mold.

8 reasons why additive manufacturing complements other production methods

3D printing accelerates and optimizes injection mold production (Photo: Protolabs Network)

3: 3D printed model for lost wax casting

Lost wax casting is a traditional process for manufacturing high precision parts. 3D printing can create models with complex, detailed designs in wax or burnout resin that would be difficult to create using traditional methods. Ultimately, this not only reduces production time but also eliminates the need for expensive tools such as molds. Additionally, with 3D technology, model designs can be iterated quickly, making adjustments easier before entering the prototyping phase. This approach therefore combines the flexibility of digital design with the precision of traditional manufacturing.

4: Optimization of cutting tools

In addition to improving the final part, additive manufacturing can also help optimize the traditional mold itself. Milling tools (usually made from carbide inserts) wear quickly due to the heat generated during the cutting process. They are also difficult to manufacture by machining. to use With 3D printing, tools can be created with custom geometries and internal cooling channels to dissipate heat in the cutting zone, significantly extending tool life and performance.

5: Manufacturing fixtures and fittings

In manufacturing, jigs and fixtures are essential tools designed to improve process accuracy, efficiency and repeatability. With additive manufacturing, jigs and fixtures can be produced more quickly and customized to meet the specific needs of each process. These include, for example, drilling jigs, fixtures, welding jigs and molds, etc. As a result, a welding jig can be printed that ensures precise positioning of parts in complex assemblies, minimizing human error and maximizing repeatability. This is particularly useful in industries such as automotive and aerospace, where precision is essential to product functionality and safety.

1735421119 644 8 reasons why additive manufacturing complements other production methods

Jigs and fixtures guarantee the precision of traditional manufacturing (Photo credit:Pieces to take away）

6: Combined materials

Another reason to integrate additive manufacturing into traditional processes is that multiple materials can be used in a single part during the manufacturing process. 3D printing makes it easier to use advanced materials such as alloys, ceramics or reinforced polymers to create complex internal structures or custom components that would be difficult to achieve using traditional methods.

With hybrid manufacturing, materials can be combined during the manufacturing process, such as when a product requires heat or tensile strength in one area rather than the entire part. By following this procedure, manufacturers can use specific materials for the parts they need and use more economical materials for the rest of the part without altering the final quality.

7: Repair and maintenance

3D printing also contributes to the maintenance, repair and aftermarket of traditional manufacturing by providing fast and efficient solutions to extend the life of tools and components. For example, with reverse engineering, a physical part can be analyzed via 3D scanning, creating a digital copy that can be converted into a CAD model. The model can then be modified or replicated to restore obsolete or hard-to-find parts, avoiding long delivery times and higher costs associated with replacement.

Additionally, the concentrated energy depositionThe 3D printing process (DED) makes it possible to repair metal parts by adding material only to the damaged area, while preserving the rest of the structure. This is particularly useful in applications where parts are expensive or lead times are long. Not only does this reduce costs over time, but it also minimizes waste by preventing the premature disposal of repairable tools or equipment.

1735421120 478 8 reasons why additive manufacturing complements other production methods

DED technology can apply metal or aluminum alloys to the parts you need.

8: Faster time to market

By leveraging additive manufacturing’s ability to quickly create prototypes, products can be brought to market faster. 3D printed prototypes allow companies to validate and test their designs faster and more cost-effectively than traditional methods, significantly reducing product development time. Using this technology, companies can cost-effectively produce small batches of products while waiting for large-scale production facilities to be ready to operate.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

POLARIS Spaceplanes tests 3D printed Aerospike rocket engine

POLARIS Spaceplanes tests 3D printed Aerospike rocket engine

Great Light CNC Machining Services 28/12/2024 08:24

German aerospace startup based in BremenPOLARIS Spaceplanes has reached a major milestone with the successful testing of a 3D printed Aerospike rocket engine. This achievement highlights the growing importance of 3D printing technology in the aerospace sector. In this series of tests, the five-meter-long MIRA II prototype was subjected to taxiing and flight tests, and its innovative LOX/Kerosin-AS-1 engine, produced using manufacturing technology additive, stood out. The company expects the prototype to enter regular flight as early as 2028.

How is MIRA II made? The MIRA II prototype was developed from the original MIRA demonstrator, which crashed during a test flight in May 2024. POLARIS has made progress since this incident. The new prototype thus completed a three-hour engine test at the airport and successfully completed an unmanned flight test over the Baltic Sea. During the final test, the demonstrator took off from Peenemünde Airport with four turbojet engines. Once the ignition moment is reached, the AS-1 engine burns for three seconds, producing 900 Newtons of thrust and an acceleration of 4 m/s².

POLARIS Spaceplanes tests 3D printed Aerospike rocket engine

MIRA II demonstrator. (Photo credit: POLARIS Space Plans)

Also,Aerospike engines are a more efficient alternative to traditional rocket engines equipped with bell-shaped nozzles. Therefore, MIRA II uses a stinger-shaped nozzle, which offers several advantages. One of the main benefits is weight reduction, thanks to the compact mass-saving design. The engine is also capable of adapting to different altitudes and pressures to ensure optimal performance, continually and efficiently adapting thrust to conditions.

However,A disadvantage of Aerospike thrusters is that they generate a lot of heat during operation and require complex cooling systems. To meet this challenge, POLARIS uses additive manufacturing technology, notably that developed by AM Global. Currently, POLARIS Spaceplanes plans to continue optimizing testing of the Aerospike engine and conduct an extensive flight test program aimed at evaluating the operational capabilities of this 3D printing technology.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

A new way to 3D print concrete to reduce the ecological footprint of construction

A new way to 3D print concrete to reduce the ecological footprint of construction

Great Light CNC Machining Services 28/12/2024 07:21

3D printing is gradually changing the construction industry. Various projects, such as houses and shopping centers, are already taking shape thanks to this technology. Today, one project is attracting particular attention: researchers at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore (NTU Singapore) have developed concrete 3D printing technology capable of capturing carbon. This innovation opens up new perspectives for reducing the ecological footprint of buildings.

The new technology, published in the journal Carbon Capture Science and Technology, could transform the construction industry. It addresses the environmental impact of cement, which represents around 1% of global CO2 emissions.8%. This approach is expected to reduce the need for traditional methods such as reinforced concrete by optimizing material usage, speeding up construction times and reducing labor requirements. Let’s see how it works.

A new way to 3D print concrete to reduce the

A more ecological and efficient concrete3D printing

This newThe 3D printing method incorporates carbon dioxide and steam collected as byproducts of industrial processes directly into the concrete mix. The process permanently immobilizes CO2 in the concrete structure, improving its mechanical properties compared to traditional 3D printing methods. Specifically, the team designed a system in which a 3D printer is connected to a carbon dioxide pump and a nozzle that sprays steam. During the printing process, carbon dioxide reacts with the concrete’s components to solidify, and the steam increases the concrete’s ability to absorb the gas, making the structure stronger.

School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University(MAE) and Tan Ming from the Singapore Center for 3D Printing (SC3DP) Professor Jen highlighted the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the construction sector, which is one of the most polluting sectors in the world. world: “Our new 3D concrete printing system improves the mechanical properties of concrete and helps reduce environmental impact. It demonstrates the possibility of using carbon dioxide produced by power plants or other industries for 3D printing of concrete. As traditional cement emits large amounts of carbon, our method offers an alternative to 3D printing. inject carbon dioxide by printing concrete.

Tests show the new technology can produce stronger, more durable concrete. with traditionalCompared to the 3D printing method, the resulting concrete can support 37% more weight and bend almost 45% more before breaking. In addition to these mechanical properties, the process is also more environmentally friendly, capturing 38% more carbon dioxide than conventional methods. The researchers now plan to refine their technique to increase its effectiveness. They also hope to explore the use of recycled industrial gases in the 3D printing process, rather than pure carbon dioxide.


Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

3D printed houses, revolutionizing the construction sector

3D printed houses, revolutionizing the construction sector

Great Light CNC Machining Services 28/12/2024 06:19

In 2004, Professor Behrokh Khoshnevis of the University of South Carolina pioneered 3D printing technology for concrete walls. A truly iconic innovation in the construction industry is its Contour Crafting technology, which allows a house to be built in a fully automated manner in just 20 hours. The professor developed an FDM-type 3D printer mounted on a robotic arm capable of extruding concrete instead of plastic to create layers from a 3D model. Behrokh Khoshnevis was quick to demonstrate the benefits of additive manufacturing in the construction sector: reduced costs and waste, increased production speed, fewer workplace accidents and the ability to create complex shapes. His research marked the beginning of architectural 3D printing and paved the way for 3D printing of houses.

Construction industry leaders are beginning to take full noticeThe enormous potential of 3D technology and its impact on the future of the field. According to a recent market study conducted by Precedence Research, the 3D printing in construction market is expected to reach $1,418.16 billion by 2034, with an annual growth rate of 65%. This expansion is not the result of chance: more and more companies are adopting this technology to develop projects. Some of these projects are futuristic, while others have already come to fruition, such as the world’s largest 3D printed building in Saudi Arabia, measuring 9.9 meters high. 3D printing in construction is developing rapidly, integrating various technologies and materials, and has many advantages. But what does this technology really mean? What are the benefits for the industry? What are the future prospects? To find out more, continue reading this article.

3D printed houses revolutionizing the construction sector

Figure 1: Early development of the contouring process.

What are the current construction sectors?3D printing process?

Robotic arm extrusion material

The Contour Crafting method marks the debut of 3D printing in the construction sector. This process involves laying down building materials to form a 3D model, enabling the creation of large-scale structures with a smooth surface finish. Guide rails are installed around the building floor to guide the robotic arm. The arm moves back and forth to apply the concrete layer by layer. Fixed paddles placed on both sides and above the nozzle flatten the extruded layer, ensuring adequate strength. Traditional concrete cannot be used for this process because it cannot support its own weight. We therefore use a specific concrete which hardens more quickly and allows for faster configurations.

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Figure 2:Use a robotic arm3D printing.

The technologies used and developed by the different players in the field are very similar and based on the same basic principle: material extrusion. For example, FrenchConstructions-3D has designed a mobile polar machine capable of printing directly on construction sites, in the center of buildings under construction. The machine, easy to transport and highly adaptable, consists of a mechanical base and a robotic arm equipped with an extruder nozzle developed by the company. The arm has a printing area of ​​150 square meters and a printing height of up to 7 meters.

Some companies choose to focus on extruding materials other than concrete while maintaining the same technical principles. An example is a patentBatiPrint 3D process developed in cooperation with the University of Nantes, Bouygues Construction and Lafarge Holcim. The industrial robot places three layers of material directly on site: two layers of expanded polymer foam and a layer of concrete. “The foam provides thermal and acoustic insulation, while the concrete reinforces the structure, making it anti-seismic,” explains Benoit Furet, professor at the University of Nantes.

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Figure 3: Development of BatiPrint additive manufacturing technology

junction of sand layers

In Europe, the ItaliansEnrico Dini developed a process using his D-Shape 3D printer. The system is based on the use of powder, which is solidified by a binder in the form of “ink”. In this process, a layer of sand or aggregate is deposited to the required thickness, then a print head equipped with 300 nozzles deposits droplets of adhesive which harden the sand. The machine has a cubic shape measuring 4 x 4 meters and is capable of creating large structures up to 6 cubic meters.

metals for solid structures

Dutch companyMX3D has developed an innovative construction method, WAAM (Arc Additive Manufacturing), which allows the use of 6-axis robots to manufacture metal structures. The robot can deposit up to 2 kilograms of material per hour, making the technology particularly suitable for complex and detailed welding work on metal structures in buildings.

To develop their technology,MX3D collaborates with Air Liquide and ArcelorMittal. The robot is equipped with a welding machine and nozzles that weld metal rods layer by layer. The process is compatible with a variety of metal alloys, such as stainless steel, bronze, aluminum or Inconel. In short, it is a “giant welding machine”: “We combined an industrial robot with a welding machine, to make a 3D printer that works with our own software,” explains the team.

1735409949 570 3D printed houses revolutionizing the construction sector

Figure 4: MX3D robotic arm

Why used in construction3D printing?

One of the main advantages of 3D printing concrete is that it saves a lot of time. In fact, 3D printing can reduce construction time by 70% while reducing risks and accidents on site. Benoit Furet explains: “Reducing difficulties and risks is a reality and we built the 3.8 m high wall without scaffolding. In addition, we noticed that the construction site was very quiet. » His team succeeded in 3D printing a 95 m² house, which will be the first 3D printed social housing in the city, according to him, BatiPrint technology also makes it possible to create curved shapes at lower cost and makes it possible to automate work: the 3D printer can work continuously until the end of the project, which significantly reduces waiting time.

Compared to traditional construction methods used in constructionAnother benefit of 3D printing is the reduction in material usage. Unlike subtractive processes, the gradual addition of material limits the environmental impact and produces very little waste, largely thanks to topological optimization. Romain Duballet, co-founder of It becomes even more important.

1735409949 753 3D printed houses revolutionizing the construction sector

Figure 5:by a French companyStructure created by XtreeE

One of the main challenges facing 3D printing in the construction sector is the lack of clear standards for certifying printed structures. Axel Thery, business manager at Constructions-3D, explains: “The main difficulty comes from the fact that 3D printing is not yet recognized as a construction method that complies with the codes and standards in force. Since printed structures are non-traditional, this is difficult. to assess their long-term robustness. This is why buildings intended for habitation must be tested step by step from the start”

However, some countries are starting to consider developing standards to integrate this technology into the construction sector. For example, in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates authorities are consideringUse 3D technology to build 25% of new buildings in 2030.

On the one hand, additive manufacturing creates many jobs, but what about construction workers? housesWill 3D printing and automation of construction processes make many jobs obsolete? What skills are needed to operate a 3D printer on a construction site? Concrete 3D printing experts agree that technology will transform these professions, but it will not eliminate them. We are seeing changes in career profiles. Benoit Furet explains: “Professions will continue to evolve, from architects to masons to masonry operators. Ultimately, the entire digitalization process will become simpler and construction professionals will take on the role of digital masons and robot controllers. »

1735409950 29 3D printed houses revolutionizing the construction sector

Figure 6: Will 3D printed houses change current jobs?

The solution to the housing crisis?

3D printing allows structures to be created more quickly, which could provide an ideal solution to the housing crisis by providing affordable housing that can be built more quickly. Some companies have already adopted this technology for this purpose, such as the Italian WASP, which aspires to build a more sustainable world through 3D printing. The company has developed one of the world’s largest 3D printers, capable of building homes using local materials and renewable energy sources such as solar, wind or hydroelectric power. This allows even areas without electricity to create eco-friendly structures using local resources.

1735409950 696 3D printed houses revolutionizing the construction sector

Figure 7:Italian companyDevelopment of WASP.

Some countries are considering3D printing as a solution to the housing crisis. For example, in Chile, the Casa Semilla project, the result of a collaboration between the University of Biobio and ANID, was recently launched. The move comes as more than half a million people in the country suffer from a housing shortage. Built in just 29 hours, the house is earthquake resistant, durable and adaptable to different regions of Chile, providing an innovative and feasible solution to housing problems.

While additive manufacturing could provide a solution to Earth’s housing crisis, it could also play a key role in space exploration, including building homes in space. The idea is already thereIt was explored as part of NASA’s 3D Printed Habitat Challenge, which aims to design technology to build habitats on the Moon or Mars. However, there are still many obstacles to overcome before we can see printed structures in space.

1735409950 902 3D printed houses revolutionizing the construction sector

Figure 8:Moon3D printing projects

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

F3D to STL: How to convert Fusion 360 files to STL

F3D to STL: How to convert Fusion 360 files to STL

Great Light CNC Machining Services 28/12/2024 05:18

In this article we will show you howConvert F3D files to STL format. However, before we begin the conversion process, let’s take a closer look at the differences between native and non-native file formats.

Native and non-native formats

F3D to STL How to convert Fusion 360 files to

Many file formats are customized to store data for a specific application (source:Autodesk）

Native formats and non-native formats refer to the classification of file types based on their availability in third-party programs.

native format

Most major design software programs have their own file formats for storing application-specific data; these formats are called native file formats. An example isBlend format, which is the native format of the Blender modeling tool and is used to store program-specific data. It’s generally best to save your work in the native format of the program you’re using, provided you don’t need to move the files to another program.

F3D is Fusion’s native 3D model format. This type of file is primarily generated and exported by Fusion, and although it is a very useful format, its use outside the program is limited.

non-native format

Most programs can import and export a range of files in addition to their own files. Formats supported in this way are called non-native formats. Using a non-native format may mean that you won’t be able to save as much program-specific data to the file, but the data you do save will be accepted in more places.

For3D models, especially in the world of 3D printing and CAD, STL is a popular file format compatible with many different applications, from design software to 3D slicers.

Why convert

1735406291 737 F3D to STL How to convert Fusion 360 files to

most3D slicers (like Cura) do not accept models in F3D format (Source: Guilherme Schendel via All3DP)

If you design a file in one program and need to use it in another program, you mustConvert F3D to STL (or other combination of file types). Since F3D is Fusion specific, you may need to convert any file to this format in order to use your model for other purposes.

For example, let’s say you areA part is designed in Fusion or an F3D file is downloaded from a design repository and you want to convert the file to G-code for 3D printing. To do this, a 3D slicer is used to prepare the model for printing. Unfortunately, most 3D slicers are limited to a few major formats, such as STL, OBJ, and 3MF, and cannot read F3D files or any other formats native to the specific software.

In this case you need to convert the originalConvert F3D files to more widely accepted formats such as STL. There are several ways to do this, but the simplest and most reliable is to use Fusion itself.

How to convert

1735406293 698 F3D to STL How to convert Fusion 360 files to

Export the entire model at once (source:Guilherme Schendel via All3DP）

If your part is inDesigned in Fusion, exporting it to STL should be a simple process. Below we provide a step-by-step guide to convert F3D models to STL format using Fusion. If you don’t have Fusion, you can check out the different versions and download the one that best suits your needs. Our tutorial will begin assuming you have downloaded and configured Fusion.

Export full model

The following instructions will generate aSTL files. If your model consists of multiple parts, such as bodies or components, all the parts will be exported together to STL.

1、OpenAfter Merging, click the file icon in the upper left corner of the screen and select “Open…” from the drop-down menu (or press “Ctrl+O”).

2、Find the one you need to convertF3D and open it.

3、Make sure the imported design is correct, then click the file icon and select“Save” (or use “Ctrl+S”) to save it to Fusion. If you use F3D found online, you can save it even without editing because you can save it from your hard drive to Autodesk Cloud. On the other hand, if you’re working on a design that you created from scratch, the Save feature won’t work until you’ve made a few changes.

4、Again from the File menu, select“Export…” and a pop-up page will appear.

5、existName your model under “Name:” and select “STL File (*.stl)” under “Type:”.

6、Select the location where you want to save the template and click“Export”.

Export different parts of the model

1735406294 546 F3D to STL How to convert Fusion 360 files to

Export different parts of the model as separate files (source:Guilherme Schendel via All3DP)

If you need to export different sections to separate files to have more flexibility when trimming, you have two options

Use the export command

1、Use the eye icon to the left of an item name in the Project Browser to hide or show a body or component.

2、Only the required elements appear on screen, following the same steps as for exporting the full model. This way only active items will be exported.

Use the Save as Mesh tool

1、on the left side of the workspaceFind the body to export in the Fusion browser.

2、Right-click the widget; this will open a drop-down menu. click“Save as grid”.

3、This will highlight the subject and a menu will appear on the right side of the screen. Here you can select the file format, dimensions and other parameters.

4、From there, simply follow the steps in the processYou can export the complete model in 4 steps.

There you go, you have now completed the conversion process! As shown in the pop-up window, the conversion may take a few minutes, but yourThe STL file should appear in the determined location when ready.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Robo-EV: 3D printed car equipped with artificial intelligence, capable of detecting the driver's emotions

Robo-EV: 3D printed car equipped with artificial intelligence, capable of detecting the driver’s emotions

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/12/2024 10:00

AI(AI) continues to transform many industries, including the automotive industry. It drives innovation, improves safety and paves the way for smarter vehicles. But combined with additive manufacturing, another cutting-edge technology, AI opens up new perspectives, particularly in the manufacturing of complex parts. An emblematic example of this convergence is the Czinger 21C, a 21st century supercar where artificial intelligence and 3D printing optimize performance and design. According to a study published by Zebra Technologies in 2023, almost 43% of decision-makers in the German automotive industry are already using artificial intelligence in industrial processes. But a recent project transcends these advances: Robo-EV, a futuristic 3D printed microcar that integrates artificial intelligence at the heart of the driving experience.

According to Mohou.com,Manufactured by the Swiss company PIX Moving, Robo-EV pushes the limits of innovation. This 3D printed metal car offers unique artificial intelligence: a personal assistant capable of detecting the emotional state of the driver. Leveraging powerful language models, AI can analyze the tone of a driver’s voice to provide personalized assistance, whether it’s practical advice or emotional reassurance. An integrated voice system allows intuitive interaction and the vehicle can be adapted for a variety of uses, from light transport to utility configurations. The designers of PIX Moving are even considering integration into public transport systems.

Robo EV 3D printed car equipped with artificial intelligence capable of

“Robo-EV” is on the ground. (Source: PIX Moving, Inc.)

The Robo-EV also stands out for its completely open design, providing an immersive open-air driving experience. Designed entirely by 3D printing, the prototype features an optimized metal structure that reduces the number of assembled parts, limiting welds and improving structural integrity. Topology optimization maximizes strength while reducing weight and friction noise. For the suspension, a basalt-based composite material was chosen, combining strength, lightness and corrosion resistance while reducing carbon emissions. Personalized, custom-printed seats provide additional comfort.

In addition to an avant-garde aesthetic,Robo-EV also stands out for its sustainable approach. Its lightweight aerodynamic design improves fuel efficiency, while a regenerative braking system recharges the battery while driving. These capabilities, combined with 3D printing and the integration of artificial intelligence, demonstrate how these technologies can revolutionize the automotive industry, providing more sustainable, safer and personalized solutions. To learn more about this project, click here.

underRobo-EV, PIX Moving not only pushes the boundaries of engineering; The company has given us a fascinating look at the vehicles of the future.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

How to use magnets in 3D printed models

How to use magnets in 3D printed models

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/12/2024 08:59

magnet inThere are also many applications in 3D printing projects. Not only can they be used in entertainment or decorative applications, but they can also be used in quick, swappable modular designs or even for wire bed detection. Of course, it is also important to find practical and safe ways to integrate magnets into printed parts.

In this article, Mohou.com will learn and discuss the role of magnets with everyone.Some possible uses for 3D printing parts and projects, then seamlessly inserting them into your prints in several effective ways.

1. Things to note

How to use magnets in 3D printed models

There are many types of magnets (source:Arnold Magnetic）

Before you start using magnets, here are a few things to consider:

shape: Magnets are generally cylindrical or rectangular. Barrel magnets are more popular because they are easy to install (as they allow easier insertion) and are unidirectional. They also come in ring or countersunk form for threaded fits, which we’ll discuss in detail below. Of course, there are many other shapes you can use depending on your application.

size: Choose the appropriate size based on the required strength of the magnet. Larger magnets will obviously be more powerful because they have stronger magnetic fields. Of course, you need to choose the right size and shape for your desired application. For example, if your part is thin but requires a strong magnet, choose a magnet with a large diameter but a small height (i.e. a thin, wide magnet).

Material: Neodymium magnets are very popular because they are very powerful (for their size and weight) and can withstand quite high temperatures depending on the specific type. Typically, you will want to keep a general purpose magnet in place for a long period of time.Below 70°C to maintain its magnetism.

Of course, make sure to insert the magnet with the correct polarity!

2. Adhesive fit

1734814793 676 How to use magnets in 3D printed models

Glue adjustment is the easiest way! (source:Mattia via printables）

Glue installation is the easiest and most convenient way to install magnets. You simply use super glue, epoxy or similar material to secure the magnet into the oversized hole. Although this is the least secure mounting method, it is still strong enough for most applications.

If you choose to glue the magnets into your project, you will need to design slightly larger holes. For example, if you use the diameterFor a 6.00mm circular magnet with a height of 3.00mm, consider modeling the diameter of the hole as 6.30mm and a height of 3.30mm.

Of course you shouldAdjust this value for 3D printer tolerances. If your printer has tight tolerances, consider reducing this value; for looser tolerances, increase this value. This ensures that the magnet can slide in and out of the hole easily.

After printing, add a drop of glue and press the magnet firmly. Then wait for the glue to dry and your piece is ready for use.

3. Respect the adjustment to the press

1734814794 279 How to use magnets in 3D printed models

Example of flexible pressure adjustment (source:Gédéon Ang via All3DP）

Flexible pressure fit takes advantage of plastic’s slight flexibility and flexible design features to“Tighten” the magnet. This is a safe and easy installation method that requires no glue. However, for added safety, it is recommended to also use a drop of glue.

In your design, based onDepending on the tolerances of the 3D printer, the hole is modeled to be exactly the same size as the magnet or slightly larger or smaller. However, you need to model the height of the hole to be slightly higher than the height of the magnet.

Next, add fins or other compatible parts so the hole can be enlarged slightly. For a stronger hold, use fewer, stronger fins. The hole will expand less and provide better grip on the magnet. However, this also depends on the tolerances of the printer. For example, if the hole is too small, you may not be able to insert the magnet at all.

1734814795 279 How to use magnets in 3D printed models

Example of flexible press-fit hole (source:Gédéon Ang via All3DP）

Alternatively, you can model the hole so that the magnet can fit easily. Just add more flexible fins, which will allow the hole to bend more. However, this means that the fixation will be less secure.

The image above is an example design. The design on the left shows a more secure, less conforming fit, while the design on the right shows a more flexible, conforming fit. Feel free to try other fin styles to get a consistent hole pattern and achieve the results you want.

After printing, press the magnet firmly into the appropriate hole.– Use a drop of glue if desired.

3. Tighten

1734814795 126 How to use magnets in 3D printed models

Screws are used to securely mount the magnets (Source:YGK3D via YouTube）

Screw fixing is a very secure installation method. Countersunk screws are used to mount the countersunk magnet very securely to the required component. This method is used when the magnet must be exposed outside the room (i.e. for conductive or other purposes).

For example,PCB Klicky Probe uses threaded magnets to ensure reliability, safety and conductivity. YouTuber YGK3D has a great video showing the entire build.

To design a threaded magnet, create holes or other features in the part for the screws. This can be accomplished by various methods, such as self-tapping holes for screws, holes for thermoset inserts, or slots for nuts.

Once printed, screw the magnet into the part. Then it is ready to use.

4. Integrated

1734814796 250 How to use magnets in 3D printed models

How to install recessed magnets (Source:Gédéon Ang via All3DP）

Here, the magnets are fully integrated into the printed part and cannot be removed or modified once inserted. This stops them from coming loose, but it also means the magnets will be weaker because the plastic will be between the magnets and the surface they are attracted to. Therefore, this method is particularly useful for components requiring magnetic isolation.

To embed magnets, you must hang the print at a specific height. We shared howThere is a guide to doing this in Cura, but all modern slicers allow this setting. You can also monitor the height of the print layer and manually pause the print at a specific height.

Here’s an overview of how to design and print embedded magnetic holes:

1. Model a hollow hole inside the part for the magnet. Similar to gluing, each hole size (e.g. the diameter and height of a cylindrical magnet) needs to be slightly larger in order to install easily.

2、Sets the height at which printing is stopped when trimming. This height is the layer where the hole is completely printed. For example, in the image above, all layers of the hole have beenPrinting is finished at Z=10.00 mm. At 10.20mm, a layer will be printed above the hole. Therefore, we will pause the printing after finishing the 10.00mm layer.

3. After printing stops, insert the magnet with the correct polarity into the hole.

4. After inserting the magnet, resume printing and printing will continue on the inserted magnet.

You now have a finished part with a built-in magnet hidden from the outside.


Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

The Aether concept car pushes the boundaries of automotive design using 3D printing

The Aether concept car pushes the boundaries of automotive design using 3D printing

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/12/2024 07:57

The automotive industry is increasingly turning towards sustainable solutions, and3D printing plays a key role in this transformation. It is under this power that the Aether concept car was born. This next-generation electric vehicle uses advanced technologies such as digital modeling and additive manufacturing to rethink its design.

The Aether concept car was created by students at the Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) for Generation Z drivers, focusing on the environment, technology and personalized design. Led by designer Rafael Corazza, the project features modular interiors and innovative exterior surfaces that combine ecology, technology and unique aesthetics.

The Aether concept car pushes the boundaries of automotive design

used for3D printing of the Aether concept car

The Aether concept car uses parametric design and 3D technology. In particular, HP’s Multi Jet Fusion process is used to create components that are both aesthetic and functional, such as speaker grilles, headrests and seat cushions. For these specific parts, the SCAD team used Rhino 3D’s Grasshopper tool to design custom structures, which were then 3D printed using a flexible material (BASF’s TPU 88A). This material is a thermoplastic polyurethane that provides excellent flexibility and strength, making it ideal for parts that require both flexibility and strength.

The team is studentsUnder the direction of Lilian Brown, we are working on interior elements combining ergonomics and design. By combining custom mesh with flexible 3D printed TPU, they were able to create a functional and sturdy piece. For the exterior, students designed digital models using Rhino 8 and made physical prototypes using 3D printing. During the design phase, students completed 15 to 20 iterations before deciding what Aether would look like. Despite the challenges of aligning the hexagonal elements and optimizing the print, the team persevered and opted for a simplified extrusion method to speed up the process. The main exterior panels are 3D printed from UV-treated acrylic gel with a wall thickness of 4-6mm to ensure the material is strong and effective.

SCAD said: “Designed in Savannah, the Aether electric car features an innovative design that appeals to Generation Z while paying homage to iconic models such as the Ferrari 312 F1 and Porsche 917. Its open roof and AI companion adjust the music depending on driving. Stylistically, the Aether embodies a racing-inspired aesthetic. Additionally, 3D printing made it possible to develop the car at an impressive speed.

1734811030 114 The Aether concept car pushes the boundaries of automotive design

Everyone thinksWhat about the Aether concept car?


Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Researchers 3D print coral-inspired bone graft

Researchers 3D print coral-inspired bone graft

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/12/2024 05:52

Inspired by coral, a team of researchers from Swansea UniversityThe bone grafts were 3D printed. Behind this development is actually something new: their research shows that the new material will dissolve naturally in the body once the transplant is complete and could also promote faster healing.

Bone defects caused by fractures, tumors and non-healing injuries are one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Although bone tissue repairs itself through regeneration, factors such as aging, disease, or the severity of the defect can slow the rate of regeneration. If the defect is large, a scaffold or bone graft will be necessary to complete tissue regeneration.

Researchers 3D print coral inspired bone graft

Design of in vitro and in vivo tests (Photo credit: Swansea University)

Traditionally, doctors filled these gaps using the patient’s own bone (autograft) or donor bone (allograft). But limited supplies, infection risks and ethical concerns make these options less attractive. Synthetic bone grafts exist, but they currently cannot compete with the performance of natural bone. They take a long time to dissolve, don’t integrate well, or can cause side effects like inflammation. On the other hand, the material developed by the Swansea team overcomes these difficulties by faithfully imitating natural bone, both in its structure and in its biological behavior.

Why coral?

The researchers are atCorals began to be explored as potential substitutes for bone grafts in the 1970s, and they found that some corals resembled spongy bones. It has the mechanical properties of bone and is biocompatible, osteoconductive and biodegradable. Since then, porous calcium carbonate from natural coral has been recognized as a “clinically useful replacement bone graft material” by the International Journal of Oral Health. Building on this history, the Swansea team developed a new material that mimics the porous structure and chemical composition of coral bone graft substitutes. They 3D print the material using Envisiontec’s Bioplotter 3D printer, or cast it and dry it at room temperature.

The research team conducted in vivo preclinical trials in rats and dwarf pigs. These tests notably showed that the material completely repaired bone defects in three to six months. Additionally, the material triggered the formation of a new layer of strong, healthy cortical bone within four weeks.

This kind ofRevolutionary results from 3D printed implants

This structure has many advantages. First, it heals quickly, with new bone growing in just two to four weeks. Additionally, the material naturally degrades within six to twelve months following bone regeneration, leaving only so-called healthy bone. Additionally, the material is easier to find than traditional alternatives, natural coral or donor bone. Easy to mass produce.

Dr Zhidao Xia from Swansea University School of Medicine led the research, working with professors from the Departments of Science and Engineering and other external partners.At the end of November, the team announced the results of the patent search.

He concluded:“Our invention bridges the gap between synthetic alternatives and donor bone. We have demonstrated that it is possible to create a safe, effective and scalable material to meet global demand. This could end addiction with regard to donor bone and resolve ethical and procurement issues regarding bone grafting.

1734803533 298 Researchers 3D print coral inspired bone graft

Implants made in dwarf pigs (Source: Swansea University)

The Swansea University team now hope to make their technology available to the world by working with businesses and healthcare organizations.3D printed bone grafts can reduce medical costs and improve patients’ quality of life. And the impact doesn’t stop there: research opens new perspectives for the biomedical industry.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

How to Thread 3D Printed Parts

How to Thread 3D Printed Parts

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/12/2024 04:49

Mohou.com has already received many questions about how toThe problem of adding threading features to 3D models of 3D printed parts. Today this article will learn with you how to add wires to plastic and metal parts during 3D printing.

A,plasticPrintAdd wires to parts

How to Thread 3D Printed Parts

UNITED KINGDOM.3D printing services company 3D People claims that metal wires in thermoset inserts are more durable than plastic wires (Source: 3D People)

In this article, we’ll discuss options for professional and industrial applications.

The first option is to print the part without wires and then tap them. Tapping uses something similar to a drill“Tap” or “thread mill” The process of creating threads in the hole of a screw or bolt. It essentially carves a precise thread design into the hole during advancement. This is an option for parts that need to be screwed in once and stay in place. Continuous insertion and removal of screws can wear threads.

If you have an existingThe CAD model contains threads, remove them and size the hole slightly smaller than the tap size corresponding to the threads you wish to cut. You can find charts of standard tap and drill sizes for machining online or in apps, and they will also work for 3D printed parts. For best results, ream the hole before using a hand tap.

Self-tapping screwsalso called self-tapping screws, can be inserted into negative elements without any part preparation. Follow the manufacturer’s hole size guidelines. For those made from polymers with some elasticity (like nylon)For 3D printed parts, these screws are a good choice.

If you need stronger threads, brass or steel inserts are your best choice. These inserts are available in a variety of styles.

thermoset insert(also called hot melt inserts) are installed using a soldering iron, which heats the insert and the plastic surrounding it. Press the insert into the softened plastic until it is flush with the surrounding surface.

For stereolithography(SLA) or any type of resin printing, the best choice is a spiral expansion insert because these resin materials are affected by high temperatures.

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Screw expansion inserts used on Markforged 3D printed continuous nylon and carbon fiber parts (Source: Markforged)

All inserts should be removed from the file when uploading to the printer to prevent them from being accidentally merged with the part.

Hole access is a key factor in the design of tapped and heat-set threads. If there are other features in the hole that prevent entry of the threading tool, it will not be possible to thread or install the insert.

When it comes to inserts, there are a few additional things to consider. The diameter of a given insert is always greater than the diameter of the thread. You want to make sure there is enough space around the hole so the insert doesn’t poke through the surrounding wall.

ForSLS and MJF, please consider the geometry around the hole that receives the insert. Often the insert doesn’t seat all the way, so you can use a soldering iron to adjust the alignment after you press it into the part. Because of the heat and handling required to ensure they line up correctly, you’ll want to leave plenty of space between the insert and adjacent items so that nothing accidentally melts during the process.

Ideally, if the plugin has functionality on all sides, it should be surrounded by0.25 inches (6.35 mm) of space. However, if the insert is close to a wall but there are no other items nearby, the wall may be closer because there is enough space in all other directions to install the insert without damaging the wall.

ifYou are on momon.com3D printed parts,Please inform the manufacturer that you want holes or threaded inserts, but do not include them in the model. Instead, include formal drawings, quick annotations, or screenshots. Indicate the size and location of the wire.

Another option is to design your part to fit a standard steel nut. To do this, you can directly print the corresponding nut holder or nut groove.

1734799767 814 How to Thread 3D Printed Parts

USA3D printing services company DI Labs used Multi Jet Fusion technology to print these valve bodies, which feature fine threads that require a tight fit (Source: DI Labs)

direct3D printed yarns

Now let’s talk about impression threads, which will eliminate the extra steps and work of tapping and inserting, and can be ideal for parts that only need to be assembled once or rarely (without repetition) with screws.

If you want to print wires in your part, the bigger the wires, the better.

As for the smallest line that will work after printing, it will vary depending on the specific machine you are using and the machine settings. The best approach is to consider the application requirements and use them as a guide to create a wireframe approach.

You should also ensure that the threads you use can be successfully constructed and that no support occurs between the thread teeth, as supports between the thread teeth that cannot be completely removed can affect the operation of the thread. thread. Even if the build is oriented so that the threads print vertically, there is no guarantee that the threads will print without support.

Be sure to check the minimum feature sizes for your chosen material and technology. Any tapered area of ​​the thread smaller than this minimum size will not be formed. If you consider the minimum feature size, there is a good chance that the thread will work as expected.

Regardless, be sure to consider post-processing when designing and printing threaded holes. For example, how much warping or shrinkage should you expect? Do you have support structure in your hole, how will removing it affect the dimensions or edges of the thread?

two,Adding Wires to Metal Printed Parts

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MetalFine details and tight tolerances can certainly be achieved with 3D printing, but threading is often a unique problem (Source: University of Oulu)

As with plastic parts, tapping is an option, but another option for functional threads on metal parts is to print the threads and then engrave them by hand. This is called“Thread trimming” involves running the tap through the existing thread to remove (remove) any excess material. This also works for other materials, but it’s less common.

Metal powder bed fusion technology, e.g.LPBF (also known as SLM and DMLS) and electron beam fusion (EBM) have a rough surface similar to castings, which can prevent threads from functioning properly. Using taps, you can better define and ensure the dimensional accuracy of the thread or compatibility with corresponding parts.

You should also check the minimum feature size of the material and the resolution you plan to use so that there is enough wire shape to achieve the chase.

Another option is to tap to installHeli-Coil inserts (also available in polymers). These are threaded inserts made from coiled wire used to repair or reinforce threaded holes in metal or other materials. They provide strong, wear-resistant internal threads that often exceed the strength of the raw material, making them ideal for 3D printed parts. They are typically used on metal parts, plastics, wood or composite materials whose original threads have been stripped, damaged or require reinforcement.

If you submit digital files to3D printing service and you want them to add threads to your part after construction, be sure to let them know which holes require threads.

1734799768 29 How to Thread 3D Printed Parts

Difficulty removing support is often due to metalReasons why 3D printing wires have become impractical (Source: Mitsubishi Electric)

direct3D printed yarns

In our experience, printed wires rarely work due to material loss and rough surface preparation. Even if printed wires work technically, they may not meet the tolerance requirements of the project.

Ultimately, the best way to decide how to add threads to a part is to start with the thread requirements. Is the thread a single assembly or will it be used over and over again like the threads on a light fixture? How much load can the wires support? How precise should the fit be? How scalable should a threaded solution be?– This might work for one room, but is it still practical for 200 rooms? Each method of adding threads has advantages and disadvantages in terms of fit and mechanical properties, but also in terms of cost and equipment required. Although there is no one-size-fits-all recommendation, many options are available so you can choose the one that best suits your project.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

New bioprinting technology prints fabrics 10 times faster

New bioprinting technology prints fabrics 10 times faster

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/12/2024 03:41

In medicine, in addition to applications such as the creation of prostheses or the optimization of surgical interventions,3D printing also opens up new perspectives for research. It now makes it possible to create replicas of human tissues, thus opening up perspectives for health: manufacturing organs for transplants, studying diseases and even developing new treatments. However, despite the progress made, this field remains hampered by current technologies which do not allow the production of dense fabrics on a large scale.

Faced with this challenge, researchers at Penn State University have developed a bioprinting method based on the use of cellular spheroids (groups of cells). This method allows complex fabrics to be produced precisely and quickly, up to ten times faster than traditional techniques. The research team said this development represents a decisive step toward creating functional tissues and organs, providing new possibilities for regenerative medicine.

New bioprinting technology prints fabrics 10 times faster

Bioprinting breakthrough: towards faster, more viable tissues

Bioprinting allows scientists to use living cells combined with a variety of biological materials to create3D structure. The cells multiply and transform into 3D tissue within a few weeks. “This method represents an important advance for rapid bioprinting of spheres,” says Professor Ibrahim T. Ozbolat of Penn State. He added that the technology could produce tissue faster and more efficiently than current methods while maintaining good cell viability.

Cell density is important in creating functional tissues. Spheroids therefore offer an interesting option because their cell density is close to that of human tissues. However, despite3D printing spheres seemed to be an effective solution to achieve this density, but the researchers ran into difficulties. This is because current technology often damages cells during the printing process, reducing their viability. To solve this problem, the team developed a new method called HITS-Bio (High-Throughput Integrated Tissue Fabrication System for Bioprinting). The system uses a network of nozzles that allows multiple spheres to be manipulated simultaneously. By arranging the nozzles in a 4×4 grid, the team was able to pick up 16 spheres and deposit them onto the bioink substrate quickly and precisely. Mr. Ozbolat explained: “This method is ten times faster than existing methods while maintaining cell viability above 90%.

To test their technology, the team chose to produce cartilage tissue. They created a small structure of one cubic centimeter made ofComposed of 600 cellular spheres that can transform into cartilage. The process is completed in less than 40 minutes, much shorter than traditional bioprinting methods.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

3D-printed adaptive nitinol antenna opens new avenues for military and space exploration

3D-printed adaptive nitinol antenna opens new avenues for military and space exploration

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/12/2024 02:33

Antennas play an essential role in our communications, navigation, radar, radio communications and scientific research. Their main function is to receive or transmit electromagnetic waves. However, until now, these devices have been rigid and not very flexible. Thanks to the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (This could change thanks to a project led by APL researchers. The project, launched in 2019, aims to develop antennas using 3D printing technology and shape memory alloys capable of automatically deforming in response to temperature changes. These antennas can find applications in military fields and space exploration.

Compared to traditional antennas, innovative3D printed antennas can dynamically adapt, support a wider range of radio frequencies and provide greater flexibility. The idea for the project came from Jennifer Hollenbeck, inspired by the science fiction series The Expanse, in which aliens use organic technology capable of changing shape. She explains: “I have worked with antennas throughout my career and have often encountered the limitations imposed by antenna rigidity. I knew APL had the ability to create something different. »

The antenna is made of Nitinol, a nickel-titanium alloy known for its shape memory properties. This alloy can return to its original shape when heated to a specific temperature, making it ideal for applications that need to adapt to changing conditions. However,3D printing this alloy poses some challenges, particularly due to the complexity of the structure and thermal response of the material. “The design was extremely complex and the initial results were not as satisfactory as I had hoped,” Hollenbeck said.

3D printed adaptive nitinol antenna opens new avenues for military and

(Photo credit: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory)

Through extensive testing and tweaking, the researchers overcame these obstacles. They therefore designed the first flat helical antenna that could take a conical shape under the influence of heat. Additionally, a new electrical conductor is used to heat the antenna to the required temperature without affecting its performance. Samuel, engineer specializing in additive manufacturing“We have extensive experience in optimizing alloy processing parameters, but this project goes even further,” explained Samuel Gonzalez. His colleague Mary Daffron added: “There is little, if any, precedent for printing this material.” ) are also very rare. We even had metal fragments in the printer as the antenna tried to change shape during the printing process, reacted to heat and tried to break away.

In the future, this flexible antenna can provide revolutionary solutions for military operations and enable dynamic communications in the field. In telecommunications and industry, its adaptability could cover many mobile networks, notably by improving the transition between short and long range communications. Another promising application is space exploration, where it can serve as an adaptive solution for space missions.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Learn more about titanium 3D printing

Learn more about titanium 3D printing

Great Light CNC Machining Services 21/12/2024 01:28

Copper, sand, aluminide… We talked about many of the materials used in 3D printing. Today we are interested in titanium. It is a transition metal and is never found in its pure state in nature. To extract it, minerals such as rutile (TiO2) and ilmenite (FeTiO3) are used in a complex process.

Although this process can produce pure titanium, its energy costs remain high. The purity of the metal produced generally reaches99.9%, often alloyed with other metals to create higher performance alloys. Due to its properties, titanium has become the material of choice for additive manufacturing in fields such as medicine, aerospace and automotive. What are its advantages and features? What 3D printing technologies can we use?

Learn more about titanium 3D printing

Photo credit:Freepik

What are the characteristics of titanium?

Titanium, withSymbolized by Ti, with atomic number 22, it is a material appreciated for its practical and multifunctional properties. It is known for its light weight, high strength, low toxicity and high corrosion resistance, making it suitable for a variety of applications. Additionally, it is almost as strong as steel but about 40% lighter, making it particularly useful for making parts that are both lightweight and durable. Titanium is also resistant to salt water, chemicals and abrasion, making it an ideal material for extreme environments. In addition to its mechanical properties, it has good thermal properties and can withstand high temperatures up to 600°C. On the contrary, it remains stable even at very cold temperatures.

This material is difficult to process, particularly due to its low thermal conductivity. As with CNC machines, much of the heat generated during machining is retained by the machine, which can lead to rapid wear. Additionally, machining often generates large amounts of waste due to material removal. Faced with these issues, many companies are turning to more efficient methods of producing titanium parts. Therefore, the metal3D printing seems to be a promising solution.

1734787724 661 Learn more about titanium 3D printing

Photo credit: Additive Manufacturing Materials

used forDifferent 3D printed titanium alloys

As mentioned previously, titanium is commonly found inIt is used as an alloy in 3D printing, but thanks to its biocompatibility, pure titanium can also be extracted for specific applications, such as in the medical field. In 3D printing, various titanium alloys are used, the most common being Ti6Al-4V grade 5 (Ti64), which is a blend of titanium, aluminum and vanadium valued for its resistance to heat and corrosion. Other alloys include Ti6Al-4V grade 23, suitable for prosthetics and medical implants, and the stronger, oxidation-resistant Beta 21S titanium, used in orthopedic implants and aerospace engines. Cp-Ti (pure titanium) is also used in the medical field due to its compatibility with the human body. Finally, TA15 alloy, composed of titanium, aluminum and zirconium, is widely used to manufacture high temperature resistant parts in aviation and engines.

Titanium alloys are used inThe field of 3D printing is more popular than that of pure titanium. Although pure titanium is known for its light weight, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, it also has certain limitations that sometimes reduce its effectiveness. In fact, its relatively low toughness, hardness, and fatigue resistance can pose problems in applications that require the material to withstand high loads and repeated stress.

1734787724 974 Learn more about titanium 3D printing

Image source:Come to fruition

Which ones to use3D printing technology?

existIn 3D printing, titanium is generally used in the form of metal powder or wire, depending on the technology chosen. Various technologies allow printing on titanium, providing various solutions for manufacturing parts. The most common is concentrated energy deposition (DED). In this process, titanium is deposited in powder or wire form and then melted using an energy source such as a laser. Another popular method is laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), also known as DMLS or SLM. The technology uses lasers to melt particles of metal powder layer by layer to create high-precision titanium parts, such as those made from the alloy Ti6Al4V.

Electron beam fusion (EBM printing) is also used to print titanium. It works on a different principle than lasers, using electron beams in a vacuum environment, and is particularly suitable for manufacturing titanium parts requiring high strength, such as those used in the aerospace sector. Finally, powder-bonded 3D printing (binder jetting) is another method in which titanium powder is bonded to a binder before solidifying through a sintering process.

titaniumWhile 3D printing holds great promise, it also presents some challenges that are worth mentioning. First, production costs are higher due to the price of titanium alloys, which are more expensive than other materials used for additive manufacturing. This cost is also due to the complexity of the printing process and the need for post-processing of parts. Additionally, fewer titanium alloys are available for 3D printing than other metals, which can complicate sourcing and increase costs. Finally, after printing, titanium parts often require careful post-processing, such as support removal, heat treating, and polishing, to achieve the desired quality. These additional steps not only increase production time, but also costs.

Titanium metalWhat are the applications of 3D printing?

In the aerospace sector, titanium3D printing technology is already being used to manufacture key components including turbine blades, brackets and structural parts. The metal is valued for its unique combination of lightness, strength and resistance to extreme temperatures. In the medical field, titanium has long been used due to its biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. From prosthetics to personalized implants, this technology is transforming the medical field by providing better results and reducing surgical time, as demonstrated by the example of implants produced by Amnovis.

1734787724 735 Learn more about titanium 3D printing

Titanium implants produced by Amnovis (Image: Amnovis)

The automotive industry is also increasingly adopting titanium3D printing to reduce vehicle weight and improve fuel efficiency. This technology is used to manufacture engine parts, exhaust systems, suspension components and even chassis parts. Finally, it also extends to other industrial fields such as tooling, formwork and fixing. Indeed, it makes it possible to create complex tools and structures adapted to specific needs.

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023 (Free Download)

The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023 (Free Download)

Great Light CNC Machining Services 17/12/2024 04:34

LEGO is about experimenting with possibilities.Youcan followpreferencesWhen building a set of toys, you can also improvise, think outside the box and create something new.3DPrinting LEGO means that if for some reason you can’t find a specific part,YouA reproduction can be printed at home. You can also scale up your favorite scenery pieces and create a giant LEGO model. The possibilities are endless!

If you don’t have a printer but want a unique piece, go toCraftcloudtake a look. Here you can use almost any material3DPrint the exact parts and see a complete price list for each model, saving you the hassle of comparing services on your own!

With minis, bricks, gears and axles, LEGO and3DPrinting becomes a perfect combination and opens up a whole new world of opportunities.

1、Stormtrooper

The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

Got it3DWith a printer and these files, you can clone your own Stormtrooper Legion! Once you have a large group of stormtroopers, you can use stop-motion animation to recreate the scene of the Emperor’s arrival.“Imperial March“.

These are compatible with LEGO; all parts are removable and the helmet is removable.

2、Zombie figurine

1734453236 768 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

Keep this zombie away from your other figures!(source:Skimmer via MyMiniFactory）

This is the perfect model for the LEGO Zombie Apocalypse. The eyes and mouth are separatedSTLfiles, which means any combination of colors or materials is possible.

Designers recommend printing the eyes with glow-in-the-dark filament and using glue to hold the facial parts in place if necessary. because3D FDMDue to printing limitations, the head is much larger than the original LEGO head, so the entire body must be printed to scale.

3、star hike

1734453237 214 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

These characters will definitely beLasting forever(source:rcaslis via Thingiverse）

These“giant“Star Trek figure accessories include upgraded keys, phasers, tridents, and even hair! You can mix and match the characters and accessories however you like, or of course glue them together.

4、lightsaber

1734453237 641 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

laser sword(source:LegoFanatic via Thingiverse）

Next on the list is another LEGO Star Wars model. Lightsabers are an iconic part of the Star Wars franchise and an essential part of your favorite LEGO sets.

This design is made up of several different parts and requires basic assembly.designerIndicates that with the exception of the seat cap, most components do not require support.

5、Snake Tail Figurine

1734453239 765 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

This design can transform any ordinary mini robot into a terrifying monster. Simply replace the mini robot legs with this scale print to add the perfect pop of color to your fantasy-themed LEGO set.

This design is inspired by the LEGO Medusa mini model, with the creators offering two different tail sizes.

6、combat robot

1734453239 447 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

If you’re familiar with LEGO Star Wars sets, this battle droid will look familiar. Its proportion is expanded to400%very simple to print and assemble, just like the original LEGO version. Plus, it’s a great pen holder!

The designers of this model recommend printing all parts separately for best results.

7、pinball game

1734453240 271 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

Although these LEGO compatible tracks are not LEGO bricks themselves, they are perfect to add to your creations. Create a song of any length and complexity using three different piecestrack！

8、roller coaster loop

1734453240 216 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

LEGO roller coasters are awesome, but they may not be exciting enough for some thrill-seeking mini-bots. With this impressionModelYou can add a classic feature to your LEGO roller coaster design: the vertical loop.

This ring-shaped structure is made up of several parts and requires some supports. It would also be nice to do some post-processing like sanding and smoothing to make the coaster work properly.

9、quadcopter

1734453241 609 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

Take to the skies and build a LEGO quadcopter drone! These files contain the parts that hold the engine in place as well as the center piece that holds everything together.

Please note that the designers advise against usingSTLfile, use insteadOpenSCADPlan to change settings and generate customizations for your own LEGO quadcopter designSTLdocument. They also recommend padding when printing40%。

10、balloon boat

1734453241 645 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

Vehicles are one of the coolest LEGO structures and pieces, but few of them can move on water. This LEGO boat uses balloons attached to designated holes in the top of the boat to race through the water. There are also standard LEGO studs on the model that can be attached to any LEGO model of your choice.

Since this boat print must be well sealed in order to float and maintain air circulation in the balloon, you must use three hulls as recommended by the manufacturer. The makers of this LEGO toy also claim to have used15%The filling density,0.2mm layer height and without support.

11、jeep

1734453241 207 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

With this LEGO Jeep, you can not only transport your LEGO mini troops, but also display your3DThe printer’s capabilities as designed in great detail. There are standard LEGO studs inside the jeep to hold the character in place.

The Jeep is made from a single print, requiring only a few parts to be attached (including wheels, wheel brackets, and a2×9Flat LEGO pieces can be moved. You can also print the Jeep in several smaller parts.

12、trailer

1734453241 741 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

If you’re looking for some cool new wheels, look no further! It is9390A larger version of the mini-trailer, printed three times larger than the original.

All gears and parts are individually printed so they assemble the same as the originals with similar functionality.

13、floating ferry

1734453242 378 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

This little printed ferry actually floats! Use it to transport your LEGO vehicles through the bathtub or pool. The ramp is equipped with a working mechanism that allows the“dock»Carry out loading and unloading operations.

These studs are LEGO compatible, so you can use them to build LEGO pieces on top, or add wheels on the bottom for land play.

14、Super Mario Kart

1734453242 910 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

The Super Mario series is one of the most unique LEGO game themes in recent years. These highly interactive sets are extremely popular, largely because the character figures are so much better than standard figures.

Of course, we all know Mario wouldn’t be happy without a go-kart to ride around in. This model is made of several pieces assembled with enough space for Mario to sit comfortably in the driver’s seat. This print is perfect for Super Mario fans.

The designer also provides instructions on how to successfully print this modelsuggestionfor example with50%The filling quantity of the printed cart is100%The amount of infill to print the axle.

15、lego flowers

1734453242 378 The 15 Most Popular 3D Printed LEGO Models of 2023

There is no doubt that the LEGO flower is one of the most interesting LEGO creations due to its color and details. This large brick bouquet makes a great table accessory, home decoration or gift.

This flower set consists of three different designs (vegetative, stem base, petals) and a complete bouquet can be printed in up to seven pieces. You can print them in different colors and create custom combinations.



Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

15 Best Laser Cutting Projects of 2023 (Free Download File)

15 Best Laser Cutting Projects of 2023 (Free Download File)

Great Light CNC Machining Services 17/12/2024 03:33

Laser cutters work on the principle that a computer controls a beam of light (laser) capable of cutting a variety of materials, provided they are not too hard. This allows the material to be“Contactless»physical manipulation, thus making your laser cutter andproductStay well.

1、towel rack

15 Best Laser Cutting Projects of 2023 Free Download File

Keep your towels clean and tidy with this clever holder (Source:JonathanK1906 Since Cults）

This stylish napkin holder will impress your guests and is suitable for everyday mealtime use, whether it’s paper or artfully folded tissue (although its size is ideal for 165×165 mm size towels).

The intended material was birch; the designer used stain for the finish. The lovely notch in the design is made usingFusion360added. This is a simple yet elegant and powerful laser cutting project worth trying.

2、Wooden silhouette vase

1734449576 37 15 Best Laser Cutting Projects of 2023 Free Download File

These designs create the optical illusion of the entire vase (Source:Maker Design Lab via Instructables）

These vases are one of the most minimalist laser cutting projects. At first glance you might think they are two-dimensional, but a closer look helps illustrate them.

The designers got these ideas from metal-rimmed vases, but the wood look of these laser-cut vases gives them a more subtle and beautiful appearance.

The vase can be designed in different outline shapes. For this project, all you need is your favorite wood, glass test tubes, and a bouquet of plants and flowers.

3、spiral bowl

1734449577 877 15 Best Laser Cutting Projects of 2023 Free Download File

One design, two choices (Source:Gorgonaut via Thingiverse）

The Correctly Shaped Spiral Bowl is a unique project that features an innovative design perfectly suited for laser cutting. This project is a great example of how materials can be used creatively to create beautiful and functional products.

This project includes two different bases to create two distinct bowls for you to choose from.3 mm plywood or medium density fiberboard (MDF) adds durability to the design while providing a sleek, modern look.

Overall, this project is a great choice for home decor, both stylish and practical.

4、corner chair

1734449577 493 15 Best Laser Cutting Projects of 2023 Free Download File

Flexibility of space (source:colorFabb via Cults）

This practical, beautiful and ergonomic chair is a very special laser cut project that can decorate any room in the house, maybe even your home workspace.

5、3D Contour map

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This topographical map will add height and depth to your decor (Source:makedo via Instructables）

The project is laser cut wood 3D Topographic map, showing features such as elevation. These cards look really fun and will definitely be a great addition to your home decor.

6、toolbox

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Even though it’s made of plywood, it’s sturdy enough to hold all your tools (Source:fps67 via Instructables）

This is a handy and compact toolbox that contains all the essential items needed for repairs. There are plenty of compartments and drawers to store tools like hammers, pliers, saws, screwdrivers, screws, tape, and even safety glasses (safety should be a priority!).

You can even customize the toolbox for your own instrument. An interesting part of this project is that the hammer also doubles as a handle for the toolbox.

7、Desk organizer (pen holder)

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This beautiful item is the perfect tool to help you organize your office space or desk in a smart way, and is designed to hold pens, markers or pencils, and even room for a ruler.

The design requires 3 mm thick material for correct assembly. This desk organizer would be a great project for a beginner or intermediate laser cutter user because it is quite simple to cut and assemble.

8、toy sailboat

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Set sail, set sail, set sail (Source:marcob8890 via Thingiverse）

Based on the Sunfish boat model, this adorable wooden toy sailboat is a lovely project for those who love sailing or for the children in your life. Most of the boat is plywood, but the mast is hardwood.

The creator used a few extra supplies to put it together, like glue and small hinges.

9、chess

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How cool would it be to play chess if you create the board yourself? This fun laser cut chess project does just that, with the laser cut chess pieces or 3D Printed.

10、comet tank

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Launch into battle in a replica Comet tank (Source:Lucas Fierfort via Instructables）

Creator Lucas·Philford (Lucas Fierfort) Creation of a remote-controlled Comet tank. He uses 1943 Based on real British tanks developed in 1979 and used mainly at the end of World War II.

There are many moving parts such as rotating turrets, accessible hatches, working suspension, etc.

11、USS Enterprise

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USS Enterprise The ultimate addition to any toy and game collection, perfect for fans of the pop culture classic Star Trek. This intricately designed model combines sculpting, contouring and cutting to create a highly detailed and realistic replica of the iconic spaceship. Thanks to its attractive design and the precision of its laser-cut parts, the assembly process will guarantee hours of fun.

This ship USS Enterprise Designed using 3 mm plywood or MDF Made of material, this adds to the sturdiness and durability of the ship, but 3 30mm acrylic is also an option.

12、Jenga gun

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Jenga is a game full of excitement and anxiety. Finding the perfect brick that comes apart easily comes down to strategy and analyzing how the different parts connect. Removing it and placing it on top of the tower requires skill, luck and a steady hand. All you have to do is make sure the tower doesn’t collapse when it’s your turn.

This project is a gun specially designed to quickly knock down bricks. It isWoodgear Jenga A hybrid version of the gun, made from laser-cut wood. In this version, you cannot fire any projectiles because it uses a piston designed to hit bricks. Although speed can make the game easier, with a gun you can increase the speed and challenge yourself!

13、da Vinci glider

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Originally designed as an educational workshop project for teenagers, this Leonardo da Vinci-inspired glider project draws inspiration from Leonardo da Vinci’s many creative aircraft designs. The user who laser cut this fun flyer is passionate about their creativity and design. The creators used plywood to cut out the wooden elements.

14、Bouncing finger

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This is an over-designed personal kinetic finger extender (also known as POQUED). The designer named it a handmade wooden cutout with fingers on the end.

To do this, all you need is a piece of wood, a piece of brass pipe, a few tools, and some nuts and bolts. The project page has all the files and assembly instructions so you can have it done in no time.

15、flower swing

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This beautiful floral swing project is perfect for displaying plants in your home, whether for yourself or as a gift. This project is sponsored by 5 mm solid wood and cladding material with elegant laser engraved details, or if you use MDFthe item can be painted.



Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

PLA 3D printing particles and filaments

PLA 3D printing particles and filaments

Great Light CNC Machining Services 17/12/2024 01:30

It turns out that using a granular formPLAto drive3DPrinting is better than using filamentsPLAPrinting is cheaper and faster, but to date there is no reliable comparative study of the resulting parts.

A new study just published in the journal Additive Manufacturing, funded by the European Space Agency, compares pellet printed products3DThe strength and overall quality of printed parts compared to those printed with filament.

PLA 3D printing particles and filaments

The filaments are made from plastic pellets (source:Flexible hose）

“The results show that the extrusion of filamentous materials(FME)and extrusion of granular materials(GME)There were no significant differences in the mechanical properties of the printed parts in terms of tensile properties, flexural strength and modulus, and impact resistance.(>0.05),»Extrusion of particle-based materials in printingPLAAuthor of Mechanical Properties of Parts Comparable to Extrusion of Filament-Based Materials: A Comprehensive InvestigationHandai LiuOthers have expressed.

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TumakerAlthough not used in this study, it is a desktop-sized tool.FDMPrinters that can use materials in granular form

(source:Tumaker）

Liuwrote,“Previous studies have reported mixed results, with some concluding thatGMEMechanical property report of printed partsFMEThe printed parts are of poor quality, while other studies report equivalent or slightly better performance.»But he said these studies“Limited to the evaluation of traction or flexion performance»,And“lack of clear explanations to support them»。

Liu’s comparative testing took a more detailed approach, including tensile testing, impact testing, three-point bending testing, and hardness testing to reveal the full mechanical properties of printed parts. In addition, his team used scanning electron microscopy(SEM)differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)thermography, rheological testing and gel permeation chromatography(GPC)Perform a parts analysis.

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FME(a)AndGME(b)printer,FME(c)AndGME(d)raw material,FME(e)AndGME(f)Preview Print Example (Source: Particle Based Materials Extrusion)

Pellets and threadsPLAPrint comparison

This study used data from the NetherlandsWateringofReal filamentdiameter1.75mm polylactic acid(PLA)Filament. As granular material use the same filament, just cut it with scissors1 to 2.5millimeters of fragments. The printer isCreality Ender 3 Proready to use right out of the box, comes with filament, then useMahorextrusion head for granular materials andNo. 17A stepper motor was modified to drive a single screw extruder.

Most print settings were set to the same values ​​for both printing methods, except for extrusion speed and print speed.

1734442232 81 PLA 3D printing particles and filaments

According to new research, you can expect to use a granular formPLAto drive3DPrinting and using as filamentPLAto drive3DPrint with the same print quality

(source:Mahor）

different:

Although the pieces compared are similar in almost every way, Liu found some points of comparison.

The average molecular weight of the pellet-printed samples was higher than that of the filament-printed samples, which can be attributed to the lower actual temperature of the pellet extrusion chamber because“Different location between heater, thermistor and melting chamber compared to filament extrusion»head,»The study says.

This is why the results on the mechanical properties (tensile strength, flexural strength and impact resistance) of the granular samples are slightly higher than those of the filament samples. The report explains:“The higher the molecular weight, the better the tensile, flexural and impact properties, because the greater the degree of entanglement of the polymer chains in the amorphous regions of the polymer, the greater the resistance to movement.»

The average hardness value of the particle prints was slightly lower than that of the filament samples, which can be attributed to their rougher surface and slightly lower density, the report said. Average Particle Shore ADThe value is81.44the average Shaw of the filamentDThe value is82.28。

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Mahor V4Pellet extruders are among the few available for desktop useFDMOne of the pellet extruders complementary to the printer (source:Mahor）

LiuIt was concluded that due to comparable mechanical properties, the use of granular materials3DPrinting eliminates the filament manufacturing step, saving time and money.

Although the study did not evaluate printing using recycled materials or scraps, it inferred that particle printing“Ability to recycle thermoplastic waste and print heat-sensitive materials directly in pellet form»,Thus“Save costs, reduce environmental impact and increase efficiency»and simplified3DPrint workflow.»



Source: ALL3D

Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Dry stuff! Guide to Transparent 3D Printing

Dry stuff! Guide to Transparent 3D Printing

Great Light CNC Machining Services 17/12/2024 00:26

From decorative statues to microfluidic research, transparency is3DVery useful functionality in printing. Product designers need clear, transparent bottle prototypes, dentists value clarity3DPrintable surgical guide, transparentAlsoYes3DImportant features for printing lamps, architectural models and glasses.

Dry stuff Guide to Transparent 3D Printing

Magic Monkey 3D printing transparent resin

Seamless 3D printing technology offers exciting business and engineering opportunities. Dutch startupsLuxexcelProduction3DPrint corrective lenses, simplyFacebookparent companyMetaacquisition. The company prints everything from standard lenses to integrated smart technology andAR/VRVarious goals for technology. The automobile manufacturer Chrysler uses transparent3DPrinting technology for testing lubricating oil flow and efficiency in various axle differential housings.

Today Mohou.com shares with you this guide to learn more about transparency3DPrinting Methods, Techniques and Best Clear Resin Materials to Get a Crystal Clear Print3DPrint parts.

3DTransparent resin printing process:YEARSAndFDM

Dry stuff Guide to Transparent 3D Printing

3DPrint a transparent lampshade (source:Cults3D）

There are many types of translucent materials available3DPrint. Here we highlight the growing number of truly transparent (i.e. completely transparent) materials. First, we will address transparency3DThe main printing method (YEARSAndFDM), then describes best practices for achieving high-quality results. Finally, we will provide a transparent overview3DPrinted list of filaments and resins.

Although you will find a lot of advice in this article, for many3DFor printers, flawless transparent parts may be out of reach. Rather than printing the parts yourself,Not as good asturn towards3DPrinting services, e.g.Mohou.com can provide industrial grade productsSLA3DClear resin print, currently available600And800mmThe device prints.

Now let’s talk about clear and transparent printing3DMethods available for parts.

3Dprinting technology

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used forNexa3DTransparent resin for transparent parts (Source:Nexa3D）

Resin-based printing is the obvious choice for transparent parts, as layer lines are much less visible than with filament-based methods. There are several resin techniques that use clear resin. Clear resins will produce clear parts when cured under UV light, but to get the clearest prints there are a few tricks, such as100%Printing at higher infill densities, although requiring longer print times, can produce crystal clear parts and even functional camera lenses.

1cylinderAggregation is a3DA printing process where you get transparent parts using a UV-cured transparent resin in a vat. These methods include the most common and affordable stereolithography(YEARS)slightly faster digital light processing(DLP)and mask stereolithography(MSLA)。

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Magic Monkey 3D printing transparent resin

2、Material jetting is another resin-based method in which UV-curable resin is dropped onto a surface and instantly cured with UV light.PolyjetYes3Dprinter manufacturerStratasysMaterial projection method developed. To usePolyjetTo get clear prints, you must first use a transparent resin such asStratasysofVeroClair). For best results,PolyjetParts often need to be finished using varnishing, polishing or photobleaching processes.3Dprinter manufacturerMimakiThe proprietary technology is also a type of material jetting. It uses inkjet printing technology to combine white, transparent andCMYKFormattedUVThe cured liquid resin is deposited layer by layer onto the bed, with a soluble support material. Each layer is UV cured.

3、FDMallows you to use transparentThreadand almost anyFDMPrinter to implement transparent parts. This process leaves visible ridges at the edges of the finished part, but with post-processing and a few tips that we detail below, they can be removed.

3DTips for printing transparent materials

ForYEARStransparent3DPrint for the best with complete transparencyPathMostly occurs in post-processing.There is also okAdd a little blue dye to the clear resin to counteract the UV yellowing process.—Although this may result in the impressionPrint transparency is not a solid color。

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Magic Monkey 3D printing transparent resin

Use material extrusion orFDMWhen printing, there are steps you can take to improve print quality. For example, you should use a higher hot end temperature, a larger layer height, and a lower fill level. These steps will ensure the clear material is properly melted, spaced, and hollow enough for optimal clarity.

Also think about your configuration: you must be perpendicular toZaxis,XYFlat transparency or total transparency? To make a transparent vase, you will probably only needXAxis andYesThe transparency of the axis (through it). To make a flat window, you just needZThe transparency of the axis. To be fully transparent, you need all axes to be transparent.

To achieveXAxis andYesStem transparency requires a significant layer height relative to the size of the nozzle used. Larger, more spherical layers tend to refract less light, resulting in greater transparency.3DPrint parts. According to the material manufacturerTaulman3Din terms of nozzle diameter70%has90%Printing will produce a more transparent print.

The following settings are recommended to increase transparency using this technique:

The printing speed becomes slower (normal printing speed25% to 30%）

Use a larger nozzle to print thicker layers

In terms of nozzle diameter70% to 90%Print to obtain structures that refract less light

Use the highest nozzle temperature within the filament range (ensuring plastic melts)

Use higher than100%flow (in this case108%）

Turn off fan or print cooling

Post-processing:

1fine polishing

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Sanding clear resin parts in water removes surface scratches, layer lines and imperfections (Photo:Christopher Daniels）

for the most part3DPrinting requires post-processing to achieve the desired results. transparentPrintNo exceptions. In fact, the essence of transparency lies inPost-processingaccomplished.

althoughYEARSIt is possible to produce truly stunning clear pieces, but a major problem with this method is yellowing over time. The surface will also become dull. There are several steps to mitigate these effects.

First, the parts need to be cleaned. This is usually done with isopropyl alcohol. They are then cured under UV light.

Avoid over-hardening to avoid yellowing. Finally, the parts should be sanded, polished, and coated with a clear coat or varnish.

For best results, sanding should begin with400Starting from the element, gradually increasing until12.00At this point the room will become reflective. After sanding and polishing, spraying a clear coat creates a beautiful finish and prevents yellowing caused by UV exposure. Parts can also be dipped in resin to get a really smooth surface (although this is not ideal for lenses).

2、photobleaching

Another post-processing method is called photobleaching. This method requires additional machines, e.g.StratasysmadeProBleacher。

when it comes toFDMWhen printing, sanding and a clear coat, such as this polyurethane spray coating, is often recommended. filament based3DPrinted parts can be treated with solvents. For example,PolySmoothlongSilk is specially designed for transparent modelslongSilk.PolySmoothThis can be done with ethanol, which is sprayed onto the print and allowed to dry for a few days. Reapply several times to make the piece transparent. However, the part can lose its dimensional stability due to solvents.

Please note that solvents cannot be used with allFDMPrint,For exampleexistABSUsing solvents on parts may cause damage.asofdefaultsurface.


Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Dry stuff! 3D Printing Plating Guide

Dry stuff! 3D Printing Plating Guide

Great Light CNC Machining Services 16/12/2024 23:24

Electroplating is a finishing process that involves applying a thin layer of metal to an object.EveryoneYou may have heard of gold plated jewelry, which is much cheaper than solid gold jewelry but looks almost the same.

EveryoneMetal can be coated with another metal, or a metal can be coated with a polymer; in fact, anything that conducts electricity can be galvanized. This includes plastic 3D Print,ThisNot only improves the appearance of the part, but also its strength and durability without having to resort to much more expensive metal. 3D The path to printing.

Dry stuff 3D Printing Plating Guide

These 3D The printed parts were sanded, graphite sprayed, polished, electroplated with copper, then polished again to a mirror finish (via YouTube）

For many applications, electroplating provides an economical alternative to filling plastics and metals. 3D Print the mechanical gaps between parts, or evenNASAFuture space applications are also being explored. Plating is completely different from painting or dipping parts in metal slurry. It is a chemical process that uses electricity and can be done at home or in a laboratory, but is most commonly done in manufacturing plants.

In this article,Mohou.com will work with you allLearn all about the process, its pros and cons, how it works, and who uses it. 3D Print parts.

Learn more about electroplating

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3D Printing and plating YouTuber Hen3drik and his homemade plating device for plating large objects, like this sword

(source:Hen3drik aka Hendrik VogelpohlSince YouTube）

Electroplating uses controlled electrolysis to achieve the electrodeposition of metal cations from a positively charged raw material (anode) onto a negatively charged substrate (cathode). In other words: when you will 3D When a printed object is placed in an electrolyte solution with the metal to be used as a coating and electricity is applied, metal fragments pass through the solution and adhere to the printed object. 3D on the printed part.

When an electronic charge is introduced, the positively charged ions (cations) dissolve through oxidation and follow the electric current to deposit a metallic layer on the part. The most common metals used for electroplating are copper, nickel, gold, silver, palladium, tin, zinc and chromium.

If applied to more fragile plastic materials, these metals can improve the mechanical properties of the final part, such as tensile modulus and ultimate tensile strength, but not as much as full metals. 3D Print parts. Therefore, plated objects can be considered both plastic and metal. 3D The midpoint between printing where plating can make resin 3D The ultimate strength of printed parts is doubled.

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Basic setup explaining the principles of electroplating (source:Fast Direct）

The three main methods of tank plating are barrel plating, rack plating, and coil plating. Barrel plating tumbles the substrate into a barrel to promote an even coating. It is useful for high volume production since many parts can be placed in the bucket. Rack plating secures the part to the rack. This method is used for complex or precision parts that are not suitable for roll rolling. The rack plating method is also the closest to DIY Plating as the required parts are held in place with wires. The final process, roll-to-roll plating, is ideal for plating specific areas of the substrate. Due to its high plating rate, it is very economical and efficient when carrying out high volume plating operations.

Each process takes place under immersion in a conductive electrolyte solution, which usually contains the metal salt to be plated, sulfuric acid and solvents as well as other additives such as acids, bases or brighteners. Use caution when handling this solution as it is very corrosive. Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves and goggles and never pour used electrolyte down the drain, but dispose of it in a suitable collection location!

Remember that electroplating is a balancing act of depositing metal onto a part, and the current and electrolyte will corrode the coating you just applied. The success of electroplating depends on a variety of factors, the most important of which are exposure time, part geometry, and amperage. Electroforming also allows selective multi-material coating of parts, which can improve functionality and reduce material costs if only certain areas need to be conductive.

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SAT Electroplating These ear probe tips are selectively plated with three different metals (Source:SAT plating)

3D Printed parts must be electrically conductive to ensure that metal cations flow from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. Therefore, non-conductive plastic prints must be properly set up to ensure successful plating. How to do this is explained in detail below.

Preparedness and Safety Measures

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A clean and safe facility is essential to ensure the protection of people and the environment (Source:SRA）

In addition to electrolyte solutions which should be handled and disposed of with care, prepare 3D Proper protective equipment should always be used when printing parts and plating them.Appropriate clothing, gloves, goggles and a respirator are required. Spraying and electroplating should also be carried out in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of harmful substances. Also follow the instructions for handling and storing the materials used. Now let’s see the necessary steps before electroplating.

3D Print parts

when plastic 3D When printing for electroplating, the most common technique is YEARS And FDM。YEARS Printing has a competitive advantage due to the detailed resolution that can be achieved. In both cases, the higher the printer resolution and the lower the layer thickness, the less post-processing the part will require. In terms of materials, anything that can adhere to a conductive paint will do.3DPrint. Some professional service providers can even print and plate nylon and AT A GLANCE and other industrial materials.

grinding parts

One of the most fundamental requirements of electroplating is a smooth surface in order to produce good results on fragile films only a few hundred microns thick. The smoother the surface, the shinier the final metallic coating will be. especially for FDM Printing the part involved several rounds of vigorous sanding and spraying with putty. The polyurethane varnish also makes it possible to fill in any gaps in the print.

Clean parts

Equally important for a smooth surface is to clean it, not only before the plating process begins, but also between each stage. Dust and grease are the enemies of electroplating because they prevent fillers, conductive paint, and subsequent metal coatings from adhering evenly to the part. Clean and degrease the parts thoroughly before placing them in the plating tank, and clean them with distilled water between plating steps.

Make parts conductive

To make the room electrically conductive, apply a coat of conductive paint. Copper or nickel paints are most commonly used, but cheaper graphite paints will also work if sanded again before dipping in the electrolyte. However, not all fillers are compatible with graphite coatings.There have also been attempts to print with conductive filament to avoid applying layers of conductive paint, but with mixed results, so spraying is recommended, especially for beginners.

Soak the parts

Set up the circuit by connecting the electrodes to a power source. The anode must be connected to the metal forming the plating. The cathode will be connected to your part. Cut the wire to length and shape it so that 3D Printed, primed and cleaned parts can be placed inside. a few 3D If you want the print to float, hold it with thread. Remember to reposition the part periodically during plating, otherwise it will be soldered to the wires. Fill a glass or plastic container with the appropriate electrolyte and make sure the part to be plated is completely submerged.

Electrolytic parts

Everything is set up and ready to power on. The required current depends on the thickness, surface area and volume of the model tank. There are online calculators that can help you determine the voltage you need. For best results, it is a good idea to increase the power as the deposited layer becomes progressively thicker. Too much current can result in uneven coatings, rough, gritty deposits, and faster electrolyte degradation. Low current will cause insufficient metal deposition, resulting in a thin or uneven coating.

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Brush plating uses the same principles as tank plating, but uses a brush as an anode to apply the coating (Source: Gold Solution Plating)

Further processing of parts

The plated parts can then be plated with other metals such as nickel, gold or palladium. This can be accomplished by additional electrolysis or other methods such as brush plating. The part can also be chemically cleaned to further increase the reflectivity of the film.

Veneer Troubleshooting

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The rough surface of the ring may be caused by the degradation of the leveling agent present in the aged electrolyte (source:Garage science）

Electroplating is a complex process that requires a high level of diligence and experience to achieve satisfactory results. This section summarizes some of the most common pitfalls, how they occur, and what can be done to avoid them.

Part geometry defects and problems

Part geometry plays a vital role in ensuring successful plating. Traditional manufacturing substrates made by plastic injection molding or metal casting often have surface irregularities that make even metal deposition difficult. For example, cold stopping occurs when material hardens at various stages of the injection process, leaving visible marks or flow lines. Another common problem is pitting, which refers to small holes in the surface of the substrate.

3D Similar issues in the printing world are layer lines and under- or over-extrusion of material. These process-specific phenomena can cause deviations in final part dimensions. They must be treated by sanding and priming before electroplating because once the metal film has been deposited, such apparent irregularities cannot be repaired.

Even intentional part geometries (such as sharp edges) or complex designs (such as lattices) can cause problems during the plating process due to today’s distribution issues. The higher current density at sharp edges means that excess coating occurs in these areas, resulting in a weak and brittle layer. The opposite is shadow, which can be understood as the sun casting a shadow. The part of the substrate covered by the anode will be subject to fewer deposits. This problem can be solved by rearranging the anodes or continually rotating the substrate in the electrolyte for distributed partial exposure.

Poor adhesion

Poor adhesion between the substrate and the metal finish can have several causes. First, if the plastic part and the conductive coating don’t fit together well, they will separate, and with it the metal plating, even if it was deposited as it should. Finding the right combination of plastic coatings and paint is crucial. In addition to good bond quality, the work surface must be free of grease, dust or oxidation, all of which can affect adhesion. Since plastics and metals expand differently when heated, if the part is exposed toEven a perfect coating can crack and peel over time. In this case, a different combination of materials is used for plating or metal.3DPrinting is probably the best solution.

Uneven plating

Suppose the finished veneer is not only dull but also rough. In this case, the electrolyte can degrade and become contaminated by particles deposited on the substrate, leaving an irregular coating. Filtering or replacing electrolytes can help.

Excessive current can also cause uneven plating; therefore, reducing the current can often alleviate the problem. Bubbles formed on the substrate are usually a telltale sign. However, if the current is too low, the coating may be too thin, or even irregular and incomplete. Finding the right balance is one of the most critical aspects of successful plating.

The plating is dull and fuzzy

It can be frustrating when the plating is successful but does not have the desired shine and reflectivity. This happens for many reasons. A chemical imbalance (such as too much sulfate, chromic acid, or dissolved contaminants in the electrolyte) may be the cause, so replacing the electrolyte may improve results. Incorrect temperature could be another cause.130 has 140°F The intermediate temperature is ideal for both the plating solution and the substrate.

Incorrect current density or a damaged power supply causing interruption in current flow can also be the cause. The parts themselves may also be placed too high in the container. Make sure it is at least four inches from the surface. Finally, insufficient rinsing between plating steps can lead to the formation of chemical residue or dirt and a resulting dull appearance. If none of these repair methods bring the desired effect, using a brightener can also help improve the final result, as it will prevent large crystals from forming on the part and make it shine even more.

Advantages and disadvantages of electroplating

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Electroplating can achieve a stunning finish, but not all that glitters is gold (Source:Gold Plating Solutions）

Like any technology, electroplating has advantages and disadvantages, some of which were mentioned in the article and will be summarized here. In addition to plating-specific considerations, combine them with 3D There are a few other factors that need to be considered when combining prints. The following list summarizes these advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages of electroplating

Improve surface appearance

Protects substrates from mechanical wear, corrosion or tarnishing

Improve part properties such as tensile strength, stiffness and weight

Create new properties such as magnetism or conductivity

Can be plated with different metals including copper, tin, nickel, gold, palladium, chrome, etc.

Metal 3D An inexpensive alternative to printing to improve the metallic properties of plastic parts

Disadvantages of electroplating

Although better than metal 3D Cheap to print, but the materials required are expensive and increase the cost of the final part

A tedious manual process with process-specific defects such as cold sealing, pinholes, sharp edges, split stitches and loss of adhesion, making the process difficult to master, especially in amateur environments.

Over time, the different thermal expansion characteristics of plastics and metals can cause the coating to crack and separate from the substrate.

The mechanical properties are not close to those of metal parts

The lengthy process can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days, depending on the work required.

Toxic substances create hazardous waste that can harm the environment if not properly handled and disposed of.

Electroplating Applications

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Shoe brand Ica & Kostika SLS Use copper, nickel and chrome 3D Print it and post it Mycelium shoe(source:By & Kostika）

As electroplating is a well-established finishing technology, most manufacturing industries, including additive manufacturing, use it in selected applications to improve part properties such as conductivity, durability, visual enhancement or strength . These industries include the automotive, aerospace, electronics, medical, and fashion industries. Among these, shoe designers and jewelry manufacturers use it to give their products a more luxurious look and feel. Electroplating a microscopic layer of gold onto a plastic or metal ring would be cheaper but give the same elegant look. It also allows makers who do not have access to goldsmithing equipment to upgrade their equipment at a relatively low cost. 3D Print plastic parts.

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Cardacino of 6 feet art sculpture named“shark vacuum»showing that electroplating works well on large objects (source:Michael Cardacino）

This also applies to hobbyists such as modelers and modelers who want to 3D SLA Printed designs transform into shiny, heavier statues or realistic accessories that look like polished metal. Many artists also 3D Combine the versatility of printing with a stunning electroplated look to create Michael Cardacino of“The Shark’s Void”and other works of art, this is one 6 foot-high hollow shark sculpture, made of EOS P730 transmitted SLS printed, divided into parts, assembled and transmitted Repliform Galvanized copper and nickel.

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3D SLA Before and after printing to increase antenna complexity and reduce weight (Source:Elliptical）

Turn to industry 3D Experts in printing and plating, RF and microwave products and solutions Elliptical Use additive manufacturing to design complex RF antennas that weigh less than all-metal antennas 80%but the performance is the same as an all-metal antenna. The company has also managed to reduce costs compared to traditional methods. 90% cost 3D Print high-performance antenna parts, making low-volume part production faster and more cost-effective. In the automotive industry, electroplating is also often used to improve the visual appeal of concept cars or to create aftermarket replicas of classic models.



Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

15 STL fixes (online and offline) in 2023: the best software

15 STL fixes (online and offline) in 2023: the best software

Great Light CNC Machining Services 16/12/2024 22:22

In this article, Mohou.com will explain the types of problems STL models may encounter during the 3D printing process, tell you how to repair these problems, and then compare several best repair tools, so you can complete even the tasks the most difficult. Controlled STL files can also be printed.
Reasons for repairing STL file:Click to learn more about Mohou.com’s Must-Have 3D Printing Checklist
15 STL fixes online and offline in 2023 the best
Careful analysis of the STL can identify errors before printing (Source: Autodesk)
STL files contain tens of thousands of small triangles. Depending on the design, these triangles can be deformed in different ways (from a manufacturing perspective). Let’s take a look at common forms of STL file problems:
Hole
To exist in the real world, a 3D model must describe a closed or “tight” volume with all of its vertex edges and all of its vertices connected to each other. However, STL sometimes develops small holes in the mesh, or triangles may have edges that are not connected to their neighbors, which can cause problems when printing.
Likewise, each triangle conceptually points toward or away from the shape it describes, essentially having an interior and an exterior. Sometimes this orientation is reversed, causing problems with the slicer interpreting the full surface.
overlap
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Printable designs must contain closed, non-overlapping volumes (Source: Sculpteo)
Three-dimensional models are usually composed of different shapes. How these shapes (or the “shells” of these shapes) are connected is very important, if they are not connected correctly it will interfere with cutting. Related problems arise when one or more shapes share an edge or vertex.
This concept can be confusing, but consider how a modeling program represents two intersecting cubes. Unless the two shapes are ultimately interpreted as a single object, it will be difficult for the printer to print them together.
complex geometric shapes
There is a fine line between an STL that contains actual errors in the grid and an STL that describes a correct grid for something that is difficult or impossible to print. For example, trying to depict hair or fur would likely result in a huge STL (since many triangles would be needed to represent such a “surface”), which would be difficult to manage since the details are smaller than the resolution of the image. printer.
Likewise, STL can describe closed volumes that are too thin to actually print. Solving these types of problems is best described as an optimization step rather than a solution.
How to repair STL files
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3D scanned models often require detailed restoration

A typical STL repair and optimization workflow might look like this:

Automatic Mesh Repair: It is always a good idea to try a simple automatic repair. In many cases this is sufficient, but in other cases the original STL may be too large or damaged to be processed in this way. Worse yet, the “fix” may change significant parts of the design.
Manual mesh repair: If automatic repair doesn’t work, look for more advanced tools. Start by repairing any holes or gaps in a way that preserves the 3D model. Next, select the option to solve other geometry problems. If the problem persists, you can try re-meshing the entire model or using options like Make Solid or Shrinkwrap (depending on the tool).
Remodel: If none of the steps above work, you may need to re-edit the 3D model using CAD or other 3D modeling software.
Optimization: This step is not always necessary and may vary depending on the type of 3D printer you are using. Typical operations include thickening sheets or hollowing out other solid shapes. You can also try “sizing” the STL so that it contains enough triangles to avoid visible facets on the 3D print, but not so much that the file is too large to handle.
15 Best STL Repair Software：The latest paid software is one of the repair software commonly used by various 3D printers.
Generally speaking, STL repair software is divided into three main categories:
Proprietary, free, or open source tools are available online or offline and remain popular choices.
Slicer software also increasingly includes analysis and repair tools that can handle many problems. For those who need greater or enhanced control (or faster processing), many sophisticated services are available for a fee.
CAD and 3D modeling programs often offer repair capabilities. For those who design or mix their own, these items are often the best option.
We’ll cover each type of software in turn, but it’s worth noting that almost all commercial 3D printing services have their own built-in repair and optimization tools. These services have a vested interest in ensuring that STL files are printable and trouble-free, which is why it is important for them to invest in quality tools.

Free online and offline tools

Click on the subtitle to access the software usage page

1、FormWare
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The service provides a lot of information and controls (Source: FormWare)
FormWare produces a comprehensive commercial slicing tool, primarily aimed at resin printers, and includes a powerful analysis and repair engine. The engine is also available online for free and is very simple to use.
During the analysis, the tool lists detailed results, highlighting the number of times each type of error was discovered before an appropriate correction was made. Like most good repair software, it can even identify problems with aptly named Benchy STL files!
Platform: FormWare (online repair)
Cost: Free
Perfect for: Anyone needing high-quality STL repairs
2、Aspose

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Aspose has an intuitive and simple user interface and is a quick and easy file repair program (Source: Aspose)

STL repair is a computationally intensive process. Typically, a specialized program must be downloaded and saved to the user’s computer specifically for file repair. Not only does it take up a lot of memory, but it also takes a long time to open on your computer. This is why Aspose.Inter was born.
Aspose is a free online STL file repair application that solves both problems above with a completely browser-based STL file repair service. As long as the user has a stable internet connection, files can be downloaded and repaired with just a few clicks. This ease of use makes it an important site to have in your browser bookmarks, and any STL file repair can be done with just a few clicks at any time.
Additionally, if there is any doubt about the quality of the repaired STL, Aspose also generates a preview of the 3D file for the user to check and ensure that the file has been successfully repaired, all from a browser Web.
Platform: Aspose (online)
Cost: Free
Who is it for: Anyone who needs a quick and easy STL repair
3、MeshLab
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Suitable for experienced modelers as the analysis and restoration are very detailed (Source: YouTube Virtual Paleontologist)
Unlike simpler services, MeshLab provides an extremely rich set of tools that offer detailed control over editing, cleaning, healing, inspecting, rendering, texturing and transforming 3D triangle meshes (including including STL files).
It is an open source solution in continuous development for processing models generated by 3D scanning and scanning tools. It can handle very large STL files, which is often not possible with other solutions, and it can combine multiple meshes efficiently.
A certain level of knowledge is required to fully understand and use the user interface, but for simple STL repairs we’ve covered the basic steps in our STL repair tutorial.
Platform: MeshLab (supports Windows, MacOS, Linux)
Cost: Free
Best for: Experienced builders requiring advanced STL repairs
4、3DPrinterOS
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3DPrinterOS is a comprehensive set of cloud-based tools for managing multiple 3D printer workflows. It allows businesses or educational institutions to manage their own printers as well as contract printing services.
To ensure objects are printable, 3DPrinterOS uses a feature called “Magic Fix” to analyze STL files and make necessary repairs. During the process, it also takes into account your printer and other factors and generates a fixed version of the STL, with correct scaling and orientation. The modified STL is saved in the default workflow and can be downloaded by clicking on the file name.
Platform: 3DPrinterOS (online, optimized for Chrome)
Cost: Free maintenance, trial of other functions
Who is it for: 3D printing enthusiasts interested in a wider range of workflows
Slicer-based repair tool
5、Care
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Cura offers built-in and plug-in repair options (Source: All3DP)
UltiMaker’s Cura is the most established free slicer and has been able to identify many common STL issues for some time. Today it solves many problems and the list continues to grow.
In addition to the basic slicer functionality, a plugin called Mesh Tools (available through the Market in the upper right corner of the UI) adds additional functionality for editing STL files as they are loaded. Ideally, the plugin can also solve a few simple problems.
If you use Cura, it’s worth at least trying these options, because in many cases they can save you from having to resort to other repair tools.
Platform: UltiMaker (Windows, MacOS, Linux)
Cost: Free
Best for: Experienced Cura users
6、PrusaSlicer
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Integrated Netfabb repair function (Source: Prusa Research)
PrusaSlicer can identify most STL issues and automatically repair faulty models to some extent. However, the functionality is heavily based on Windows’ built-in 3D printing API (which in turn is based on the original Netfabb).
If an error is detected and reported when loading a new STL file, you have two repair options: right-click the warning icon that appears or select “Repair via Netfabb” from the model menu . It’s not as sophisticated as Cura, but on the other hand, it benefits from proven features and has proven to be effective in most cases.
7、Simplify3D
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Simplify3D clearly emphasizes its mesh analysis and repair capabilities. Its complex functions cover almost all repair scenarios.
These include several built-in tools to help you identify and resolve common mesh issues so you can get back to printing quickly, often without even having to use more powerful value-added tools.
Platform: Simplify3D (Windows, MacOS, Linux)
Cost: around $200; two-week free trial
Best for: New and existing Simplify3D users
8、NanoDLP
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NanoSupport preparation software from Nano 3D Tech has built-in STL repair capabilities (Source: Nano 3D Tech)
NanoDLP from Nano 3D Tech is committed to providing resin 3D printer users with a comprehensive set of resin printing software tools, and we would be remiss not to offer an STL file repair tool as part of the package. his program.
NanoDLP is a 3D printer management system designed to enable one-click 3D printing. Files can be uploaded, repaired, sliced ​​and printed on NanoDLP’s browser-based slicing platform by running the 3D printer as a server on a typical Windows, Mac or Linux machine or a Raspberry Pi (an image free downloadable disc is available).
NanoDLP’s print preparation tool, NanoSupport, allows users to prepare (and repair!) 3D files for 3D printing on NanoDLP-powered 3D printers. Built-in STL repair tools are integrated with positioning and routing tools, giving producers the ability to quickly correct any last-minute errors on imported STLs.
Platform: Nano 3D Tech (Windows, MacOS, Linux, Raspberry Pi (printer host))
Cost: Free
Perfect for: LCD and DLP 3D printer owners who need last minute repairs before cutting
CAD and 3D modeling tools
9、Meshmixer
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Do all this with this popular and powerful program (Source: PrintLab)
Meshmixer, which presents itself as the “Swiss army knife” of 3D meshes, is more than just a simple STL repair tool. Meshmixer is a mature modeling solution capable of digging, scaling and simplifying mesh.
This is not a tool for beginners, it is consistently rated as one of the best tools for STL repair. It supports several acclaimed repair and repair features, including the popular “Create Entities”, and offers almost unlimited capabilities for enhancing and modifying the original design of a model.
Another great advantage is the wealth of information available on the Internet. Looking around, it is not difficult to understand the different Meshmixer repair tools, including their pros and cons. If you’re a fan of the CAD-CAM Fusion 360 tool, Meshmixer’s (and Netfabb’s) mesh repair capabilities are also built in.
It should be noted that Meshmixer is no longer developed and supported by Autodesk, but is still available for download.
Platform: Autodesk (Windows, MacOS)
Cost: Free
Suitable for the general public: 3D printing enthusiasts who make 3D models
10、3D Constructor
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3D Builder is very user-friendly (Source: PrusaPrinters Blog)
3D Builder is Microsoft’s free 3D modeling software for Windows and other Microsoft platforms. First and foremost, it’s an easy-to-use solution for simple modeling (or even scanning 3D models using a webcam), and also includes STL repair features to ensure your 3D models are printable.
3D Builder allows for finer control than more basic or simpler programs.
Platform: Microsoft 10 system
Cost: Free
Who is it for: Anyone modeling or editing simple parts in 3D
11、FreeCAD
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Powerful CAD-based solution (Source: FreeCAD)
FreeCAD is an open source 3D modeling program originally designed for mechanical engineering and product design. Among the program’s many features are powerful analysis and repair tools.
If you are looking for a tool that gives you a high degree of control over your work, FreeCAD may be the solution. As with other CAD programs, the advantage of this method is that it not only repairs the STL file, but also makes other changes and modifications that may be necessary.
Platform: FreeCAD (Windows, MacOS)
Cost: Free
Suitable for the general public: experienced creators who like classic CAD functions
12、Mixer
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Blender has many tools to solve different problems in the mesh depending on the target (Source: All3DP)
Blender has become the de facto standard tool for 3D modeling and animation. So it’s no surprise that a tool focused on manipulating and managing mesh models offers powerful features for repairing problematic STL files.
However, this complexity comes at a price: Blender is not suitable for beginners and the learning curve can be steep. Still, it’s worth considering for those looking for a well-supported open source tool that can handle almost any mesh modeling challenge.
Platform: Blender (Windows, MacOS)
Cost: Free
Suitable for the general public: experienced creators who like complex software
Paid, value-added repair tools
13、Netfab
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Netfabb is one of the most famous STL file repair software. It was one of the first solutions in the field and has endured in one form or another, either as a standalone solution or as an integrated feature combined with other solutions, including 3D printing software from Microsoft.
In 2015, Netfabb was acquired by Autodesk and its standard version stopped providing services to new customers, but customers who previously owned the software can still renew their offer. But hope is not lost, as it offers Premium and Ultimate versions integrated with the popular CAD and CAM tool Fusion 360, and the Fusion 360 Pro Bundle includes a license for Netfabb. These advanced versions offer a valuable feature set, including post-processing preparation and network optimization. Netfabb Premium or Ultimate can be tried and will revert to Netfabb Basic after the trial.
The free original version is still available for download from the unofficial GitHub repository. However, it has not been updated since 2015.
Platform: Autodesk (Windows)
Cost: About $5,100 per year for Premium; price when requesting Ultimate free trial;
Who is it for: Professionals who want the versatility and integration of Fusion 360
14、LimitState:Fix
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Independent mesh repair tool based on Polygonica technology (Source: LimitState Software via YouTube)
LimitState:Fix is ​​another expensive professional STL repair tool. According to the website, it can “repair 3D models that other tools can’t!” »
In addition to automatic repair capabilities, the program provides fine control over repair options for closing solids, correcting non-surface errors, and repairing polygon orientation. It also has features that allow users to merge STL files, remove noise shells, and simplify meshes.
LimitState uses powerful Polygonica technology, an industry-recognized professional 3D modeling solution.
Platform: Limit State (Window)
Cost: ~$380/year (1 license); ~ $700/year (2 licenses);
Best for: Professionals who need reliability
15. Materialize magic
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Magics Repair Wizard guides users through difficult repairs (Source: Materialize Software via YouTube)
Materialize’s acclaimed analysis, repair, and optimization tools have seen rapid growth in recent years. They continue to offer MiniMagics, a free STL viewer that also provides detailed analysis of STL issues. However, its sophisticated repair and editing features require a license.
The company offers two powerful premium versions. Magics Essentials offers features best suited to small businesses and hobbyists, while the full Magics suite provides busy professionals with additional advanced tools (including optimization support). Both are integrated into a broader software suite supporting all aspects of modern commercial 3D printing.
Each tool has three STL repair modes, including a fully automatic repair wizard (which guides the user through each step) and fully manual tools. Other features include a “shrink wrap” function that gives parts minimal thickness and addresses other surface issues, as well as a host of improvements and optimizations. The user interface is well designed, easy to use, and user satisfaction is high.
Platform: Materialize (Windows)
Cost: $150 to $190 per month for essentials; price when signing up for a 30-day free trial for all versions;

Best for: Professionals and businesses who need powerful solutions and potential for expansion



Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

How to clean resin 3D prints? Just 3 easy steps

How to clean resin 3D prints? Just 3 easy steps

Great Light CNC Machining Services 16/12/2024 20:17

In this article, Mohou.com will learn with you the steps needed to clean 3D printed resin parts, so that the resin prints have good surface effects, as well as different methods to complete each step.
Safety first, first understand the tools needed to clean resin prints
How to clean resin 3D prints Just 3 easy steps
Cleaning Equipment Kit Essentials (Source: All3DP)
Before you begin, make sure you understand the safety precautions for handling vats of cured resin. These resins are toxic and must be disposed of properly. Direct contact with skin should be avoided. Since some products can emit toxic fumes, spills can also be messy, so make sure you have a clear work area that allows you to move around unhindered and maintain good ventilation.
To do this correctly and safely, you will need nitrile gloves, safety glasses, and a work space with open windows for ventilation. If you are post-processing many parts or the process takes more than a few minutes, you will also need to wear an FFP2 (or similar) mask.
If resin comes into contact with exposed skin, wash it immediately with soap and water. Avoid leaving traces of resin on objects with which it comes into contact. If spilled, it should be cleaned immediately before the resin hardens, simply wipe with a paper towel.
Remember that gloves and goggles should be worn at all times, not just when cleaning resin.
Here are the specific steps for cleaning resin prints:
1. Washing the parts
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Rinse the print to remove uncured resin (Source: All3DP)
When your part comes out of the printer, it will be covered in uncured resin. You need to rinse it before continuing with post-treatment.
Method 1: Soak and Rinse
The easiest way is to soak the pieces in a basin of isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Move the pieces and rinse them to remove the resin. This method is simple and quick, but the cleaning effect is not as comprehensive as the following methods. Two or more rinses may be necessary to remove any excess resin from the surface.
water washed resin
Washable resin is one of the most environmentally friendly and perhaps least harmful options today. This resin may not be as strong as traditional resin because it is designed to react with water, so it may not be the best choice if the final part is exposed to water. The good thing is that it is easier to clean. Remember that you should always wear gloves when doing this!
Method 2: Cleaning Station
For those who need to repeatedly clean their resin prints, cleaning stations are probably the most common option. Many manufacturers offer these two-in-one machines, which have a cleaning container and an impeller (or similar device) to spin the liquid and clean the print. Equipment options include workstations for cleaning and curing, but you can also find cleaning stations dedicated to cleaning.
Method 3: Ultrasonic bath
Ultrasonic baths, like those used to clean jewelry, are a professional (and somewhat expensive) way to clean resin prints. Fill the bath with cleaning solution so that it covers the impression and let it sit for a few minutes. This will remove a thin layer of uncured resin stuck to the model, leaving a smooth, clean surface.
Although some people claim to use IPA as their liquid of choice, this is generally not advised for safety reasons: IPA is flammable, so using it with an ultrasonic bath poses a fire risk. There are several safe cleaning fluids, including tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether (TPM) and dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (DPM). (For the average consumer, Formlabs recommends using TPM and not DPM.
2. Remove the media
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The supports can be removed using a flat cutter (Source: All3DP)
Next, remove the tree support structure from the model. This can be done before or after curing, but it is easiest to do it before curing. Always be aware of flying media debris and collect it to ensure your workspace remains clean and free of debris.
Method 1: Take it apart with your hands
If you don’t care about the small details, disassembling the brackets by hand is the quickest way. However, if your model has detailed features, it’s best to err on the side of caution.
Method 2: Use a flat end mill
For more complex parts, use a flat cutter to carefully cut out the supports. Get as close to the model as possible without damaging the surface.
Both methods will leave small dents in the print. This is unavoidable, but can be easily fixed with a little sandpaper and a little patience.
3. Print processing,Click to find out how long it takes for 3D printing resin to cure.
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Curing the prints stabilizes the material properties (Source: All3DP)
The final stage of post-processing is UV curing. This is necessary for many functional prints because it ultimately determines the material properties of the model. Keep in mind that different resins may require different curing times depending on specific properties. We therefore recommend checking the manufacturer’s instructions or carrying out further research.
Method 1: Curing Station
Many resin printer manufacturers also sell curing stations. These curing stations are specifically optimized for their resins, allowing fine tuning of curing times. This is particularly useful for large prints and professional environments. For more information, see our Resin Cleaning and Curing Station Buying Guide.
Method 2: Nail Lamp Curing Light
This is an inexpensive and convenient way to quickly solidify a model. Simply place it under a manicure lamp and let it sit overnight. Adding a dial can help achieve a more even exposure.
Method 3: DIY Curing Chamber
Many hobbyists make inexpensive homemade curing chambers, which are essentially makeshift versions of commercial curing stations. Different setups require different materials and techniques, but can also be easily accomplished by placing a UV lamp in a foil-lined box. Placing the model on a solar or battery-powered turntable can help achieve an even exposure.
Method 4: Solar Energy
To go completely green, use old solar energy. Placing the pieces outside on a sunny day will provide even UV exposure. The main disadvantage of this method is that it requires a lot of patience. You must wait for the sun to strike; depending on the size of the print, this can take around 6 hours or more. Remember, a curing machine (even a DIY machine) only takes five minutes of your time. The result should be an opaque and not shiny effect.
Processing completed
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Post-processing will give you the best print quality and resistance (Source: All3DP)

With these three simple steps, your resin print is post-processed and ready to use! From there, you can work it as is, or sand and stain it as finely as you like.



Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

How long does it take to cure a 3D resin printed product?

How long does it take to cure a 3D resin printed product?

Great Light CNC Machining Services 16/12/2024 19:14

The process of curing 3D printing resin involves exposing a liquid solution to UV light to activate a chemical reaction that causes it to harden. This process occurs layer by layer during the printing process to create a 3D structure. But after you have successfully printed your model and washed off the excess resin, you will need to do another round of curing the print to make it a strong and durable final product, as the printer will only partially cure the model.
Post-print curing is a necessary step in resin printing, as is removing supports and leveling the bed. If this step is omitted, the printed product will be weak and unsatisfactory. To get the most out of a high-resolution resin printer, you need to get used to curing your prints.
In this article, Mohou.com will learn with you the different curing time variables and different curing methods in order to achieve the perfect curing effect of 3D printing resin.
Things to note
How long does it take to cure a 3D resin
Same model, different curing times (Source: All3DP)
When trying to determine how long a model should be cured, there are four important factors to consider.
Resin type
There are many brands of resin on the market, each with its own characteristics. Taking Anycubic Resin as an example, the exposure time of Standard Resin+ is 1.5-9 seconds, while that of UV Tough Resin requires 1.5-10 seconds. A longer exposure time may indicate that the resin requires more energy to cure, which means you may also need a longer cure time.
Heavy-duty, high-performance resins generally require longer cure times than standard mixes, but the optimal settings are slightly different for each bottle of resin. Your best bet is to check the resin supplier’s website for the recommended exposure and cure times for the resin being used.

Resin color

It is also important to consider the color of the resin as it will affect the curing time and exposure time. Generally speaking, light colored resins cure faster than dark colored resins. The darker the resin, the greater the pigment’s ability to absorb UV rays, rather than the resin itself. Therefore, we should always check the manufacturer’s website for the recommended exposure and curing times for each bottle of resin.
Model size
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Small to large resin prints (Source: Peopoly via Facebook)
Bigger is not always better, and the same goes for curing 3D resin printed products. The curing time of medium to large models can be up to 10 times longer than regular miniatures because the UV light affects a much larger area.
Hollow models also cure much faster than 50% filled models. Models with wall thicknesses greater than 2mm may experience insufficient internal curing, causing the resin to remain liquid and eventually leak from the model in liquid form. It is therefore important to use drainage holes correctly when slicing.
Curing method
Different resin curing methods have advantages and disadvantages. Depending on the method chosen, the time required for the model to harden can vary from a few minutes to a few hours.
What is a good curing method for one model may not be suitable for another model. For example, a model with many cavities and details may require longer cure times than a simple, flat model. It’s important to consider your options based on each printing situation.
1. Solar UV curing
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The resin print is left in the sun to harden (Credit: Opie Cain via All3DP)
Since UV rays can activate the resin as it cures, you may be wondering if this includes UV rays from the sun. This assumption is correct. If you have no other options, you can use sunlight as a “free” method of curing your resin prints.
The downside is that the yield is not very high. Leaving resin prints in the sun will eventually cure them, but the question is: how long will it take? You will find that you may need to leave the model out for about two hours before it is completely cured. This only applies to the side of the model exposed to the sun. To harden the other half, you need to turn the model over and let it sit for another two hours.
However, these figures are based on ideal sunlight conditions, which are unfortunately less reliable. So far, we’ve assumed that you can tolerate direct sunlight for up to four hours. When considering solar curing times, you need to consider weather, clouds, and even your geographic location. You may also want to find a location where the model will not be blown away by wind and dust during the curing process.
advantage
Free: Sunshine does not charge for services.
No space limitations: you can process as many models as you have window space.
Avoid over-curing: You have a long window before you risk over-curing.
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Ineffective: Models take several hours to cure properly.
Unreliable: Weather and clouds can disappoint you.
To check: you should remember to rotate the model frequently to take care of all sides.

2. DIY curing box

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One of the other common methods is to make your own curing box. All you need is a box or jar with a lid, some foil, and a UV lamp (the same wavelength as the resin you’re using). Some kits also include a solar-powered turntable, which will significantly reduce the time and effort needed to cure your prints.
With a curing box, you can do most of the curing in 6-10 minutes, with smaller models completed in 3 minutes and larger models taking around 12 minutes. During this time, you should make sure to flip the print once to ensure even curing on the top and bottom surfaces.
advantage
Affordable price: the price is relatively inexpensive and the kit can be selected individually
Scalable: DIY means you can adjust the size of your curing station to suit your needs.
Proper Curing Time: Ranges from 3 to 8 minutes, depending on your setup.
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Tedious Build: You can expect it to take around 20-40 minutes to create the simplest project.
Results may vary: Your cure time will vary depending on the type of film you use, the size of your box, and the quality of your UV lamp.
Troubleshooting: When you encounter a problem, whether it’s technical issues or cracked models, you’ll be on your own to fix it.
3. Curing station
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Convenient curing station (Source: Melisa via Amazon)
Nothing beats a dedicated curing station. The time savings and convenient options offered by a curing station more than justify its price, especially if you plan to print with resin on a continuous basis.
The key here is consistency. When using a dedicated curing station, you can expect consistent results, with similarly sized models requiring the same curing time. Many modern curing stations choose to install UV lamps on the top, sides and bottom of the cavity to completely cover the model, eliminating the hassle of flipping and turning during the curing process.
Most curing stations, like Anycubic Wash & Cure Plus, have additional features such as a timer that automatically turns off the UV lamp once curing is complete. No need to mess with the curing station to avoid over-curing!
A good curing station can fully cure a miniature model in about 2 minutes, larger models will take 5-10 minutes, depending on the size of the model. Speaking of which, think carefully about the size of the model you want to print in order to get the right size curing table.
advantage
Consistency: The curing station consistently produces the same results.
CONVENIENCE: Timers and additional light strips make all the difference.
Build quality: These machines last much longer than cardboard ones.
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Cost: relatively high cost
Space: Some machines have larger footprints. We have to make room for them.
Size: Unlike DIY, you cannot change the available curing space once you purchase the machine, so consider the size of the machine carefully.
How do I know if the resin print has been cured?
1734419657 556 How long does it take to cure a 3D resin
Uncured prints appear glossy rather than matte (Source: All3DP)
Now that we’ve learned about the different curing methods and (hopefully) chosen the one, the next step is to determine when our print will actually be cured.
It is essential that resin prints are fully cured, as resin is a toxic material and should never be handled without proper protective equipment. This carries many health risks, not the least of which is skin irritation. The hardened resin parts allow you to handle them safely, just like other plastic objects.
Not completely healed
Prints that are not fully cured have a glossy appearance, rough texture, and resinous odor. If you can scratch or damage the surface of the model with your fingernail, this is a clear sign that the model is not completely cured. Simply apply the UV light for a few more minutes.
Perfect healing
A perfectly cured print will have a matte finish and become harder. It may still be slightly stretchy, but there shouldn’t be much warping. For smaller models, a good indicator is to drop it on a hard surface. They should make the sound of dice clinking. If it makes a softer knocking noise, it may need more curing time.
Too healed

It’s worth noting that you can also over-cure your prints. This will cause the print to be brittle and crack on the exterior surface. In this case, there is not much you can do. It is therefore important to find the right curing time for printing.


Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

Comparison of SLA and DLP resin 3D printing technologies

Comparison of SLA and DLP resin 3D printing technologies

Great Light CNC Machining Services 16/12/2024 18:10

A range of technologies and machines are used in resin 3D printing, the two main ones being stereolithography (SLA) and digital light processing (DLP). Both types achieve the same goal in different ways. Simply put, the main difference is that SLA uses a laser light source to cure the resin, while DLP uses an LED light projection system.
In this article, Mohou.com will discuss with you the similarities and differences between SLA and DLP 3D printing, focusing on the principles, advantages and disadvantages of their respective printing processes.
Basic knowledge of resin 3D printing
Comparison of SLA and DLP resin 3D printing technologies
Parts printed using SLA technology (Source: Ross Lawless via All3DP)
Among 3D printing processes, SLA and DLP are often considered technologies capable of achieving the highest standards of part complexity and precision. Both rely on the use of light, typically in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum (365-405 nm), although some printers use visible light to cure photoresists. Simply put, a laser or projector draws an image into the resin, causing the liquid to harden.
Before discussing how resin cures, it is necessary to discuss what resin is.
3D printing resins are typically made of epoxy or acrylic and methacrylic monomers that polymerize and harden when exposed to light. This process is called crosslinking. A solid object forms when light hits the vat of resin, creating the specific shapes or patterns that make up each layer. Different resin materials can have very different properties, from soft, rubbery materials to very hard or high temperature materials.
The main advantage of printing with resin is the incredible detail that can be achieved, with the process almost perfectly replicating the image required for each layer. The main disadvantage of resin printing is the resin itself, as it is more difficult to process than standard fused deposition modeling (FDM) materials. Due to its complexity, the range of materials that resin can print is much smaller than you would like, especially compared to FDM.
SLA3D printing process
1734415811 381 Comparison of SLA and DLP resin 3D printing technologies
SLA 3D printing process (Source: Ross Lawless via All3DP)
Developed in 1986, SLA is the original 3D printing technology. The term was coined by Chuck Hull, founder of 3D Systems. It was the first company to commercialize the printing process and today it is used by amateurs and professionals alike.
SLA printing uses a laser beam to pass through a resin surface to cure a layer. Early SLA systems typically placed the laser beam above the resin, which fired downward. This structure is often called top-down orientation. However, most modern systems use an upward orientation, in which the laser beam is pointed upwards, toward the resin in the vat.
Regardless, the SLA printing process uses mirrors called galvos in the X and Y axes to selectively harden and solidify cross-sections of the object, layer by layer. The laser is turned on and off by a computer-controlled drive, ensuring that the resin is struck by the light in the correct position. As each layer solidifies, it moves upward to make way for the next liquid layer. Typically, the laser paints the perimeter of the room, followed by the solid putty, or vice versa.
The power of the laser point must be sufficient to initiate the cross-linking process within the photopolymer, but this is easily achieved using solid-state lasers found in most modern systems. Overall, this process produces excellent results and is always reliable.
Advantages and disadvantages:
1734415812 582 Comparison of SLA and DLP resin 3D printing technologies
Example of precise details implemented via SLA (Source: mikeymakesit via Thingiverse)
The biggest advantage of SLA printing is the precision that the laser can achieve. Since it is an array of image layers, there are no gaps in the cured polymer. Rather, it is a continuous line of hardened material that produces a very smooth surface finish and high level of detail.
This raster drawing process is also its biggest disadvantage compared to DLP printing because it takes longer to cure each layer. Since lasers operate at specific wavelengths and the curing effect of the resin is wavelength dependent, this also limits the use of third-party materials to some extent. So most laser machines also come with their own range of materials.
DLP 3D printing process
1734415813 767 Comparison of SLA and DLP resin 3D printing technologies
DLP 3D printing process (Source: All3DP)
DLP printing technology was invented by Larry Hornbeck of Texas Instruments for visual projection systems in media applications and was later modified for photopolymer printing. The company created DLP in 1987, but the first commercial system didn’t appear until 1997, when a company called Digital Projection Ltd brought it to market.
This printing process does not use a laser, but a digital light projector to flash a single image of each layer. The light is again guided by a mirror, but instead of a galvanometer, a digital micromirror device (DMD) is used. The DMD sits between the light and the resin and manages the rotation of all the mirrors to form the correct image on the build surface.
Most modern light engines use light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to accomplish the actual curing of the photopolymer. The switching state of the light-emitting diodes can be controlled individually, thereby improving the XY resolution. As with all projection systems, an image can only be formed at a specific distance (called the focal length) between the projector lens and the projection plane. The greater the distance, the lower the curing ability of the projector.
Today, the quality of DLP machines varies widely, with prices ranging from $300 to $200,000, depending on differences in light source power, lens throughput, and DMD quality.
The difference between DLP and SLA 3D printing is that the pixels are projected into the resin all at once to form the entire image. This makes the printing process faster, but also affects image quality. However, with the rapid advancement of DLP lightweight engines in recent decades, this issue has become less important.
Advantages and disadvantages:
1734415813 562 Comparison of SLA and DLP resin 3D printing technologies
DLP 3D printed sunflower (Source: ChaosCoreTech via Printables)
The biggest advantage of DLP systems over laser SLA systems is the ability to cure the entire layer in a single pass. Print speed does not depend on model size, as is possible with SLA systems. Unlike SLA systems, where the entire print bed can be exposed to light from the projector, only one laser must pass through the cross section of the part. In SLA systems, the laser moves quite quickly, so small and medium-sized objects can be printed faster than DLP machines. However, for large models and full panel printing batch production, DLP is faster.
Another advantage of DLP systems is that they are generally more cost effective than SLA machines and easier to calibrate. In contrast, SLA machines often need to be sent to the manufacturer for repair.
However, DLP systems tend to be built in smaller quantities than SLA machines. This is because larger build volumes require larger distances, and too large distances can make the resolution of the DLP printer too low. While this is not a disadvantage when configured correctly, the fact that image quality is based on the projector projecting the image at exactly its focal length makes it easier to produce poor quality results. Fortunately, most systems don’t have this problem.
Since the system is pixel-based, the image quality depends on the resolution of the DMD. Depending on the system, image quality may be lower and less smooth compared to SLA devices. This is because the part is hardened in pixels rather than in continuous lines like a laser system. However, on modern systems you shouldn’t be able to tell the difference unless you look closely.
In DLP systems, it is difficult to obtain a constant energy density across the entire solidification plane. Sometimes layer images need to be edited first, take this into account. This is more difficult in DLP because the light source must cover the surface of the DMD chip, not just a point in space. Ensuring that every pixel receives the same light intensity is more difficult than maintaining a constant laser intensity. This part of the work is completed when the system is debugged at the factory, so there is usually no need for concern. However, this also makes image processing techniques such as antialiasing more difficult, as these techniques often change the brightness of the image to achieve a smooth appearance.
Whether it is a DLP or laser system, the movement of the machine is the same. These image sources only affect the image quality of each curing layer. Depending on the wavelength of the light source, DLP and SLA systems can use the same materials, although some systems are optimized for one or the other. Optimization mainly revolves around pixel size and light energy density. The post-processing steps of both processes are the same, cleaning first then curing, but the high-power DLP system requires a shorter post-curing time.
LCD based system
1734415814 660 Comparison of SLA and DLP resin 3D printing technologies
Photocentric Visible Light Curing Printer (Source: Ross Lawless via All3DP)
It should be noted that LCD (mSLA) printers are often compared to DLP machines. Indeed, they are also capable of curing entire layers at the same time and using LEDs as a light source. DLP systems are often considered superior due to their higher light transmittance than LCD displays. In other words, the projector can transmit more LED light than the light passes through the LCD screen.

Some LCDs can block up to 80% of LED energy, but modern systems using monochrome LCDs are more efficient because they do not have red, green, or blue filters. LCD systems are much cheaper, making them one of the most widely used technologies in hobby machines. Some LCD-based systems can cure in the visible light spectrum, allowing them to use standard LCDs to great effect, such as Photocentric’s Magna.


1734415814 535 Comparison of SLA and DLP resin 3D printing technologies

The main differences between DLP and SLA:
1734415815 300 Comparison of SLA and DLP resin 3D printing technologies
DLP is not as granular as SLA (Source: Reddit)
YEARS
A single laser passes through the cross section of the part
Provides finer printing
Build volume does not determine resolution
Generally more expensive
DLP
The entire print bed is exposed to the light source
Unlike SLA, print speed does not depend on model size

Larger build volume means lower resolution

Easier to use for amateurs



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8K resin 3D printer: everything you need to know

8K resin 3D printer: everything you need to know

Great Light CNC Machining Services 16/12/2024 17:09

As many people know, mainstream desktop resin 3D printers use photopolymerization technology, which uses light of a specific wavelength to be projected onto the resin through a transparent film to solidify each layer of resin. While there are a variety of different technologies, the most popular is LCD 3D printing (also known as masked stereolithography or MSLA).
8K resin 3D printer everything you need to know
When using an LCD printer, UV light is selectively blocked by the LCD screen, blocking light that should not cure the resin. This allows an entire layer of resin to be polymerized simultaneously, which is faster than processes such as stereolithography (SLA), where the laser must polymerize each spot individually.
The higher the resolution of the LCD, the more capable it is of producing fine curing patterns, which is why we are seeing the emergence of 2K and 4K printers. Recently, 6K and 8K printers have appeared. Simply put, the LCD screen of a 6K or 8K printer has a higher resolution, which means more pixels.
In this article, Mohou.com will learn the key knowledge points about higher resolution printers with you.
8K resin 3D printer
1734412159 867 8K resin 3D printer everything you need to know
High-resolution 3D printing challenge (Source: Abad via Amazon)
If you are considering purchasing a 6K or 8K resin printer, you may need to consider a number of factors depending on your intended use. These factors can include screen resolution and XY resolution, which mainly depend on the achievable resolution (pixels per inch or PPI). Print volume also matters, depending on whether you want to print a large sculpture or a small piece. Likewise, if workspace is limited, the physical size of the printer and its peripherals (cleaning and curing stations) will likely affect print results.
A common mistake when choosing an 8K printer is to ignore its true resolution and buy one just because it’s labeled “8K” or something similar. It’s important to note that “8K”, an impressive number, refers to the resolution of the LCD screen and does not necessarily correspond to the partial resolution (XY) achievable. If the screen itself were physically wider and longer, its XY resolution would actually be lower, but it would still be rated 8K due to the pixel count.
1734412159 552 8K resin 3D printer everything you need to know
At the same time, smaller displays offering 8K will have significantly higher horizontal resolutions because more pixels can fit in a smaller space. Beyond the simple slogan “8K printer”, it is also important to pay attention and be more precise about the XY horizontal resolution. (Note that this may be difficult to find or determine).
So when we talk about horizontal or XY resolution, we are referring to the smallest detail the printer can print on a flat surface. When we talk about Z resolution or layer height, we are referring to the minimum layer height that can be printed.
About resin
1734412160 767 8K resin 3D printer everything you need to know
A small hand printed in Elegoo 8K resin (Source: Just Nelson via Amazon)
Another aspect to keep in mind is the type and range of resins available for your printer.
When choosing a resin, be aware that some companies produce proprietary materials designed to enhance achievable results. That is, they may be compatible with other machines but will not necessarily produce the same results.
That said, other resins for the types of printers we’ll discuss below are interchangeable, like Phrozen or Elegoo 8K resin. These will work with most commercial printers, be sure to check if your printer can use wavelengths from 365 to 405 nm.
Although resin can slightly affect your resolution, the correct settings are generally considered the most important factor affecting resin resolution. Due to differences in composition between different types of resin (washable, flexible, durable, etc.), it is a good idea to check the manufacturer’s recommended settings and adjust if necessary.
Another factor often overlooked when it comes to achievable resolution is transfer rate, which refers to the brightness an LCD screen can project. This could mean faster cure speeds or better contrast, which we’ll talk about next.
Contrast
1734412160 830 8K resin 3D printer everything you need to know
Contrast (Source: Rtings)
Contrast is a term originally adopted for monitors and displays. This applies to resin-based 3D printing because LCD screens are used in LCD printers and manufacturers often refer to them in their instructions.
Contrast ratio describes the difference between the maximum and minimum brightness of an LCD screen. The higher the contrast of the LCD screen, the wider the range in which the printer can cure the resin at different brightnesses. Some manufacturers take advantage of this to create smoother patterns and reduce visible artifacts.

Contrast is important because the lower the contrast, the blurrier the room will be. Higher contrast counteracts this effect, allowing the printer to print lighter patterns, thereby increasing the visible resolution of the print.



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4K resin 3D printer: everything you need to know

4K resin 3D printer: everything you need to know

Great Light CNC Machining Services 16/12/2024 16:08

Further reading:Knowledge Points of 8K Resin 3D Printing

4K Resin 3D printingMachines are now the new normal and there is a lot to know, in this article,magic monkey networkI will learn the following questions about 4K resin 3D printer with you: What does 4K mean? What is the difference between 4K printers and other printers?

About 4K
4K resin 3D printer everything you need to know
Curing the resin using UV light protected by an LCD screen (Source: Chanda Lalwani via Phrozen)
In a 4K resin 3D printer, the resolution of a 4K LCD is typically around 3840 x 2400 pixels (3840 is closer to 4000 or 4K). Resolution and screen size together determine pixel density, also known as pixels per inch (PPI). The smaller the screen size, the higher the pixel density; For users looking for the ultimate in detail, the higher the pixel density, the better. The most popular 4K resin printers typically have XY resolutions between 35 microns and 50 microns.
There are a few additional factors to consider when deciding which 4K resin 3D printer is best for you. Here we’ve put together five factors to help you evaluate different printers. These factors include price, manufacturing volume, LCD screen size, pixels per inch, and the lighting and masking technology used by the printer.
1734408487 988 4K resin 3D printer everything you need to know
4K 3D printers are capable of reproducing even the smallest details of models (Source: All3DP)
First, check the prices of different 3D printers to see which ones fit your budget. Second, look at the print volume. When printing miniatures and short figures, the print area is more important than the print height. With the right build volume, you may want to print the models individually or you may be able to print multiple models at once. But this is not always the case, print volume depends on the size of your LCD screen, so make sure you know the difference!
As mentioned earlier, PPI is determined by screen size and resolution. Printers with a higher PPI will have no problem printing models with fine details. Finally, when we talk about the “technology” of a printer, we consider factors like the type of LCD screen and the light source.
Comparing 4K Resin 3D Printers to Other Resolution 3D Printers
1734408487 416 4K resin 3D printer everything you need to know
Behind the scenes (or under) an LCD printer (Source: All3DP)
Let’s take a closer look at how 4K resin 3D printing compares to other 3D printing technologies and resolutions.
4K resin 3D printer and DLP printer
DLP printers use a light projector to project an image of the area to be printed, instantly curing the entire layer of selected areas. From this point of view, LCD printers are very similar to DLP. You can think of DLP as essentially functioning very similarly to a projector.
LCD printers work differently. As mentioned before, the UV light source emits light and the LCD screen blocks areas that should not be cured. However, the light used to cure the resin can damage the organic compounds present on the LCD screen. As a result, most LCD printers treat the screen as a consumable that must be replaced regularly, and replacement costs can be high. Recently, some 4K and 8K resin 3D printers have been equipped with monochrome LCD screens instead of RGB, which allows for a longer lifespan.
Although they print an entire layer at a time, the difference in printing time between LCD and DLP printers depends entirely on the machine itself as well as the specific features of the model and corresponding print settings.
The 4K LCD resin 3D printer is affordable, suitable for desktop use and compact. In comparison, DLP printers are mainly used for professional purposes and are more expensive.
2K, 4K, 8K resin 3D printer
1734408488 589 4K resin 3D printer everything you need to know
Comparison of 4K printing (left) and 2K printing (right) (Source: All3DP)
2K, 4K, and 8K resin printers all use the same technology to cure the resin, but the main difference is the resolution of the LCD screen. The details of the printed model depend on the pixel size and density of the LCD screen and the manufacturing process of the photomask, rather than the resolution of the entire screen.
The resolution of the LCD screen of a 2K resin printer is approximately 2560 x 1620 pixels. Contrary to popular belief, 4K printers are not guaranteed to print more detailed models than 2K printers because, as previously mentioned, if the screen is larger, the pixel density will be lower. In fact, 2K printers with higher XY resolution can print more detailed final products. In terms of price, a 4K resin printer can cost between $50 and $250 more than a 2K printer with similar build volume.
As for 8K printers, the main difference is the number of pixels, and there are several options, such as the Phrozen Sonic Mega 8K, which has an LCD resolution of 7680 x 4320 pixels. The problem arises when the pixel count is higher but the screen is larger. This results in lower pixel density and the quality is not really reflected in the resolution. There are some exceptions, however: some 8K printers offer truly superior quality while maintaining LCD screen sizes similar to 4K printers. With improved resolution and print volumes, these printers are worth considering as long as they meet your needs, as they come at a much higher price.
In summary, the main differences between 2K, 4K and 8K resin printers are their LCD resolution, print volume and price, while the printing technology and model details remain largely consistent across the three categories.
Is there really a difference between 2K and 4K?
1734408488 277 4K resin 3D printer everything you need to know
For most people, there is little difference between 2K (left) and 4K (right) 3D printing (Source: JuanHidalgo Miniatures via YouTube)
For the same size printer, the resolution of some prints increases from 2K to 4K, which is difficult to detect with the naked eye. Therefore, for those looking to print functional items, this upgrade is not worth it. On the other hand, users who print highly detailed models such as miniatures or R-figures will greatly benefit from smaller pixels.
As mentioned earlier, the key to a 4K LCD printer is pixel size, not screen resolution. More specifically, the number of pixels is related to the size of the build plate.

If it’s a larger printer with a 4K LCD screen, the pixels will be larger, giving it a similar XY resolution to a smaller 2K screen. Resolution terms like 2K and 4K are only useful if you have more information about the printer. Therefore, 4K in a 4K resin 3D printer does not automatically guarantee superior print quality.



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15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 (Free Download)

15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 (Free Download)

Great Light CNC Machining Services 16/12/2024 14:06

Castles have always been fascinating. They have been popular for centuries as large structures that have stood the test of time. For some, a castle represented a safe place to live, protected by high walls, knights and archers. They are theaters of love, war and adventure.

The castle contains towers, bridges, gates, palaces and various buildings. In the Middle Ages, it took a lot of time and work to make them, but now you can use a 3D printer to create your castle in just a few hours!

Today, Magic Monkey Network compiled and shared the 15 most popular castle 3D printing models this year. You can choose your favorite to download and print for free.

1、middle ages

15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free

Let’s go to Germany and see! (Source: Madaeon via Thingiverse)

This intricate and detailed design incorporates the medieval style of Neuschwanstein Castle and Lichtenstein Castle, both located in Germany. The file can be provided in a single part or in multiple parts. The first is great for miniatures, while the second lets you show off your skills! Either way, the results will be stunning, especially when printed on colored tissue paper!


2、baradour

1734401156 235 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free

I’m looking at you (Source: kijai via MyMiniFactory)
With millions of fans around the world, The Lord of the Rings is one of the most popular fantasy sagas of all time. All fans will love this Dark Tower model, Sauron will watch your every move. This model requires no support and can be equipped with LEDs to further highlight the eyes. The model features a dark gray filament and looks almost exactly like the tower design from the movie!
3. Hogwarts
1734401156 200 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free
Do you believe in magic? (Source: Teambreak via Printables)
Hogwarts is undoubtedly one of the most iconic castles of all time. This model faithfully represents Harry Potter’s school and all of its buildings. You can use magic rainbow silk or choose the most common color, light gray. You can even paint it to match the color of the film! Be careful when printing though, as this is very common on templates.
4. Dracula’s Tower
1734401156 609 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free
Is this castle a trick or a treat? (Source: 3D Printy via YouTube)
Dracula is one of the most famous horror villains. This character based on Prince Vlad III scared many children and remains one of the most popular vampires to this day. This 3D model shows its tower, but it hides something really cool: a maze. In fact, this model is a puzzle with different interesting levels, from easy to very difficult.
When printing, the model does not require support, but attention must be paid to the adhesion of the bed surface. Designers recommend adding an edge if necessary.
5. Elsa’s Castle
1734401156 776 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free
The only ice cream that is not cold (Source: Catherine1964 via MyMiniFactory)
If you like cartoons, or if your children or other young people like Disney, then this is the right model: Elsa’s Castle from Frozen. The model is extremely detailed and the clear resin and clear filament sparkle! Additionally, the white and blue filaments are perfect for this model.
Being an unsupported model makes Frozen Castle even more beloved.

6. Rexor

1734401157 388 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free

Let’s travel through time together! (Source: Decal7 via Thingiverse)
What happens when the Mesozoic and the Middle Ages meet? Rexor Castle This design cleverly combines the impressive Tyrannosaurus Rex with the massive structure of the castle. The dinosaur’s mouth provides access to the building. Thanks to this technique, the model does not require any support!

7. Minas Tirith

1734401157 489 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free

Join the light side! (Source: pgrattan, via Thingiverse)
For those not drawn to the darkness of Sauron, here is Minas Tirith, the guard tower from The Lord of the Rings. Since the model is very detailed, printing it in white will make it look like the design used in the movie. It is semi-hollow, which reduces printing time, and requires no supports. You can even install LEDs.
8. Super Mario
1734401158 232 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free
Mario’s Castle (Source: felipesansogodambros, via MyMiniFactory)
If you prefer the iconic arcade game, this model based on Super Mario Bros. is made for you. It’s basically a flowerpot that looks like a tower from a video game. Several versions are available: one has a drainage opening to facilitate maintenance of the installation, another requires less support; If you like this design, you should take a look at flowalistik’s mystery planter.

9. Modular Toy Set

1734401158 787 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free

Gaming Kingdom (Source: CreativeTools via Thingiverse)
If you have children, this modular castle is perfect for you. This customizable set lets you build your empire the way you want. You can choose clips from over 80 files included in the original design, as well as 10 remix files. The parts are connected via a butterfly joint, which is a very simple and efficient way to assemble the parts.
Another advantage is that all models are designed to be printed in a build volume of 140 cubic mm. They are therefore suitable for most 3D printers.

10. Spiral tower

1734401158 794 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free

Can you climb all these stairs? (Source: kijai via MyMiniFactory)
The possibility of creating strange shapes is one of the most interesting possibilities offered by 3D printing. With its elegant shape and realistic details, this spiral castle looks like something out of a movie. You can have fun painting it to make it look realistic or print it with new filaments.

11. Chess

1734401158 670 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free

Wherever you go, take a castle with you (Source: Kagarov via Printables)
Chess is a timeless game that fascinates young people and adults alike. For chess fans, this simple castle-themed set is a must-have for your collection. In addition to chess pieces, there is also a chessboard.
These models are designed to be compact. In fact, all the components are placed inside each other. You can choose between round and square versions. This set also prints very quickly: you can create all 32 designs in about 3 hours!

12. Three Tower Flowerpot

1734401159 961 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free

Protect your plants in this fortress (Source: Qrome via Printables)
Flower pots sold with plants are often bland and boring, so let’s create custom pots! This flower pot designed in the shape of a three-tower castle is the best choice for succulent plants. You can even water the plants from below, which is a very practical detail. Prints should be simple and clear, requiring no support.

13. Guard the door

1734401159 267 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free

This model is inspired by David Winter’s “Guardian’s Gate” cabin. For those who don’t know him, David Winter is a British sculptor known for his miniature architecture. As you would expect, the model is small and prints quickly. Plus, it doesn’t require any support. The Gate of the Guardians would certainly shine with a nice coat of paint.

14. Calibration Castle

1734401159 721 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free

Can you conquer this castle? (Source: Printbetterparts via Thingiverse)
This adorable castle is a very useful print to test the capabilities of your 3D printer. It includes many different tests, including some for warping, draping, and bridging, among others. Best of all, it requires very little wire and time.
15. Castle Generator
1734401160 44 15 Best 3D Printed Castle STL Models of 2023 Free
Customize your empire! (Source: gpvillamil via Thingiverse)

If you want to customize your own models, you will love the Grand Castle Generator. It allows you to control a list of parameters to create the building the way you want. Nine parameters control the generation of castle models. You can even add an island! To use it, simply click “Applications” and launch the customizer.



Daguang focuses on providing solutions such as precision CNC machining services (3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis machining), CNC milling, 3D printing and rapid prototyping services.

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ISO 9001 is defined as the internationally recognized standard for Quality Management Systems (QMS). It is by far the most mature quality framework in the world. More than 1 million certificates were issued to organizations in 178 countries. ISO 9001 sets standards not only for the quality management system, but also for the overall management system. It helps organizations achieve success by improving customer satisfaction, employee motivation, and continuous improvement. * The ISO certificate is issued in the name of FS.com LIMITED and applied to all the products sold on FS website.

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ISO 13485 is an internationally recognized standard for Quality Management Systems (QMS) specifically tailored for the medical device industry. It outlines the requirements for organizations involved in the design, development, production, installation, and servicing of medical devices, ensuring they consistently meet regulatory requirements and customer needs. Essentially, it's a framework for medical device companies to build and maintain robust QMS processes, ultimately enhancing patient safety and device quality.

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GreatLight Metal Technology Co., Ltd Has Obtained Multiple Certifications (4)

ISO 27001 certificate

ISO/IEC 27001 is an international standard for managing and processing information security. This standard is jointly developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). It sets out requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS). Ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of organizational information assets, obtaining an ISO 27001 certificate means that the enterprise has passed the audit conducted by a certification body, proving that its information security management system has met the requirements of the international standard.

GreatLight Metal Technology Co., Ltd Has Obtained Multiple Certifications (1)
GreatLight Metal Technology Co., Ltd Has Obtained Multiple Certifications (2)

IATF 16949 certificate

IATF 16949 is an internationally recognized Quality Management System (QMS) standard specifically for the automotive industry. It builds upon the foundation of ISO 9001 and adds specific requirements relevant to automotive production and service parts. The goal is to enhance quality, improve processes, and reduce variation and waste within the automotive supply chain.

Automotive Industry Quality Management System Certification_01
Automotive Industry Quality Management System Certification_00

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